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Розіщення продуктивних сил України - Дорогунцов С.І.

Sea transport

Sea transport . Tse type of transport є port is cheap; Він відіграє надзвичайно важливу роль у форванні звнішньоекономічних зв'язків України, especially in the territories of distant zarubizzhzhya. Zagalna dovzhina morskoy coastline, yak practically does not freeze, become more than 1000 km. Багато є зручних бухт, які сцепли формаванню 18 морських портів, серед яких найбільш важливими є Odessa, Іllічівськ, Ізмаїл, Південний, Миколаїв, Sevastopol, Yalta, Feodosiya, Kerch on the birch of the Black Sea ta Mariupol i Berdyansk on the birch of the Azov Sea. In addition, 8 8 ship repair plant, there will be a small ship.

The basis of the sea transport of Ukraine is the development of the Chornomorsk (ChMP), Azovske (AMP) naval vessels, and Ukrainian-Dunaiska (UDP) steam navigation. Sumarnaja vantazhnnist transport fleet of Ukraine to become more than 5 million tons, and Passenger fleet - Mayzha 10 yew. Місць; Vona є odnієyu із найбільших у Європі.

In the structures of waggonage naval transport, it is very important to hire nimasovish vanity, to borrow money from abroad and from the structure of export-import supplies of Ukraine. Tse rudy chornikh і kolorovikh metallii, kam'yane vugillja, koks, nafta i naplotprodukti, mineral and everyday material.

Каботажні перевезення займають незначне місце in a foul way of transport. At zv'yazku zim, scho stony zdіysnjutsjatsja on insignificant vidstan (in sreddnomu it is no more yak on 130-150 km), chastka їх at vantagozhoporoti is unfamiliar. Zokrema, in the Azov Sea ferry navigation in the structure of the transport, the ore is stored in the kerchenska zalizna ore, it is necessary to adhere to the metallurgical facilities of the metro station of Mariupol, and in the case of the volcanic strain - donetsk Kam'yan Vugil and Coke. At kabotazhnih vereveznney sredstv vanzhatіv perevazhayut mineralnye budivelnі materіali.

Eksportno-importnі perezveznja vantajnіv morskim transport zdіysnjutsja in sreddnomu on vіstst up to 8 tis. Km і bіshe, внаслідок чого їх a part at vantagozhoporotіo морського to transport перевищує 95%.

Найбільшу кількість міжнародних перевезень здійснють чорноморські порти Одеси, Іллічівська і Південний.

On the Port of Odessky, there are more than a few parts of the vandalism of the sea transport of Ukraine. The basic vantazhami here - ore, nafta and naftoprodukti, budivelnі materіali, hlіbnі vantageі, tsukor, tsitrusovі tіn. Іллічівський a port of roses for 20 km від Одеси і є їїїїїїбблером. Pratsyue vin is very important for the supply of export supplies. At vantagoreoporotіy tsiogo port visoku a part zaimayut metally, kam'yane vugyllya, budivelnі materіali, zalizna i mangantseva rudi. Port Pivdenniy obslugovuє in the main priportovy plant and special on the undeveloped export of ammonia.

In the Chornomorskoe steam navigation, the venerable obtrusive of the waggoners' robots, the vicominities of Mykolaiv, Kherson, and the special settlements on the guided landscapes and manganese ores, the everyday materials. Through the Mykolaivskyi sea port, importer bauxiti. З листопада по березень ці порти припиняють навігацію through freezing Дніпровського і Бузького лиманів.

Ports of the Azov steam locomotion - Mariupol, Berdyansk and Kerch specialty is very important at the export of the volcanic and manganese ore, black metals, stone wagill, cement.

Porti of the Ukrainian-Danube steam navigation - Reni, Izmail, Kiliya and Vilkove, play an important role in the health of the economy, especially in the Dunaisky basin.

In this way, through the ports of the ports of export, the Kam'yan (koksivne), the coke, the cottage and the manganese ore, the horns, the chemical products, the zakrema amiak, cement, zukor, and the machines are visible. Україна імпортує машини та обладнання, мінерально-сировинні ресурси, zokrema boksiti, phosphorite, and takozh product sylskogo gosdarstva i, etc. In the perspective of the important meaning can be mati naphtha, naphthoproducts, gas in a viscous (scraped) vigil. Але їх імпорт стане можливим після завершення будівництва нафто-і газотерміналів. For the mastering of new wagons, it is necessary to privatize the fleet with special ships, into the worm with tankers and methanoses. The Ukrainian fleet has vouchsafed a critical army, and no yoda is radicalized, then for six to ten rocky yogas, one must compete with other countries.

The demand of Ukraine (close to tankers and meta-carriers) is close to 120 new waggon-type transport vessels, which are more than 1 million tons and 10-12 passenger ships for 5 thousand. Місць. Mayukchi wield the goodness of opening a ship for the promises, Ukraine is ready for the new fleet. The order of the third pillar is the modernization of the reconstruction of the sea ports, the Zokrem of the Odejk, Іллічівського, Південного, Миколаївського, Маріупольського та ін.

Більш інтенсивне використання паромних переправ Іллічівськ - Варна, Одеса - Батумі, through Kerchensku through the canal to expand the can trade fleet of Ukraine and the Ukraine to the transport services to the foreign countries. Pasazhirsky relocating 17 sea ports. Al is a sign of the transport of the sea for the transportation of passengers - it's not important and it's too soon to be hasty.