home Other disciplines Books Міжнародні розрахунки та валюні операції - Savluk M.І.

Міжнародні розрахунки та валюні операції - Savluk M.І.

4.4. Banking transfer

Form mіzhnarodnih rozrahunkіv rіznyatsya for rozmіrom uchastі komertsіynih bankіv in їh provedennі: mіnіmalna fate bankіv sposterіgaєtsya at bankіvskomu perekazі (vikonannya platіzhnogo doruchennya klієnta) bіlsh-valued - at іnkaso (control nadannyam, perekazom tovarorozporyadchih dokumentіv i vidacha їh paysite vіdpovіdno to іnstruktsіy dovіritelya) i Maximum - with accreditation (hiring a beneficiary of paid goiters, yaké realizing with vikonannі ostaninnіm basic minds, оo udtrimyutsya in akreditivi). It is advisable to pay for the exporter: in most cases, at the bank transfer for actually deliveries, the goods, as much as possible - with the accreditation, for the sake of their existence - the small guarantee of payment for the goods to be vandalized, by the bank, through the accreditation.

Yak і інші form of the international roses, bankівські перекизи здійснються у безготівковій формаі, тобто through середництво платіжного доручення, яке адресує one bank іншому. In the case of commercial documents and documents (rahunki, transportnі іnshі documentation), I am sent to the representative of the airport without intermediaries, minayuchi banks. Komertsіyny Bank vikonuє tіlki platіzhne doruchennya іnozemnih bankіv abo oplachuє vіdpovіdno to drain korespondentskih vіdnosin vistavlenі on Demba bankіvskі checks for penny zobov'yazannyami іnozemnih іmporterіv and takozh vistavlyaє platіzhnі doruchennya i bankіvskі checks іnozemnі banks for penny zobov'yazannyami of Ukrainian іmporterіv.

Bankovsky transfer is a simple task of a commercial bank to its own bank-correspondent to splice up a sum of money for proclamation and for rakhunok of a ransom to an unofficial otrimuvachu (beneficiary) and an assigned way to collect a bank-platnik with a summed sum.

Fig. 4.2. Banking transfer

At the rozdіlі "Умови платежу" звнішньторговевельного by contract має бути it is said, that for the deliveries the goods are robitized at the form of bank transfer. With the help of the reports, the documents must be forwarded to the exporter for the importer (for the species and the letter). In addition, mute bouti vkazanni bankovyskі rekviziti otrimuvacha perekazu (number rahunku, the name of the bank exporter, address), and takozh in yakі termi zdіysnyuvatimetsya payment.

Banks poryanayut brother fate in tsіy formi rozraunkiv when filed in the bank importera vidpіidnoi request for payment of the contract (dodatok 1). Banks do not have to pay a fee for the payment (delivery of goods, transfer of documents, and such payment does not enter the bank's functions until the moment of filing a payment order). In this way, banks bear a minimum of visibility in the course of a bank transfer, and otze, contract the minimum amount of a wine city. In the case of bank transfer, as a rule, take the bank of the importer from the transfer, pay the tariffs of commercial wine for the commercial bank for the robot with the credits (the bankruptcy of the bank itself should be done by the bank). Bank іmportera, priynyavshi said at perekaz od klієnta-іmportera, nadsilaє od Svoge іmenі platіzhne doruchennya in vіdpovіdny bank note eksportera way yaky vkazuєtsya in zayavі klієnta: why, telex, via the SWIFT (SWIFT) system. Zaraz u mіzballannіy bankіvіkіі practicalyі vіkorostvuєtіvія vіdpravlenya plizіchnikh doručen abo telex, neo channels of sistemi SVIFT.

Після отримання платіжного доручення bank експортера перевіряє його правильність і заховує отриману суму на рахунок експортера. Tse scheme bankovyskogo perekazu for actually deliveries of goods. Vona vigіdnіsa importeru, oskilki ostnnіy otrimuє goods and documents, yak rule, until the moment of payment.

In the case of international banking practices, the bankruptcy of the bankruptcy is paid in advance for the contract. Інколи у розділі «Умови платежу» contract mіститься положення about rescheduling vyksotka vartosty contract in advance, tobto pobatku vidvantazhennya goods exporter. The transfer of the advance payment, as a rule, is due to a 10-30% wage contract, while the payment of the part is encased, is due to the actual deliveries of the goods. Переказування the advance to the back відвантаження невигідне імпортеру, оскільки утворює для імпортера ризик втрати грошей у разі неставки товар експортером. У міжнародній банківській практиці існує кілька способів захисту імпортера від ризику невервернення / втрати авансу у разі неставки товару експортером:

• Bank guarantee for the advance payment;
• Documentary abolition.

Yaksho in the "Umovah pay" contract pomozhnya about pokazan advance payment from the guarantee of the first-class commercial bank to the advance payment, then before the advance payment, the forwarding agent (the principal for guarantee) is to be one of the banks in its own territory (guarantor bank) Pokonennya advance on the corridor of the importer (beneficiaries on guarantees). Yak rule, banks take visoku komіsіyu for nadannya takoї garantii (up to 10-15% of sumi guarantee). Fundamentals of guarantee of margin are in that, the bank guarantees to the importer of the verbal advance payment at the time of non-delivery to the goods (not contracted by the contract). Krіm of obumovlyuєtsya those scho Got garantіya bezvіdklichny i ​​bezumovny character and takozh, scho bank guarantor Turn the bag advance the h urahuvannyam vіdsotkіv, otrimanih for all perіod koristuvannya Costa.

Pid dokumentarnym (wit) perekazom rozumyut the transfer of the advance payment from the loan, but the bank exporter (beneficiary) zdisnit actually perehahuvannya advance on yogo rahunok tilki proti filed a transport document. With the help of a periode, the extension of a yo-mao zdіsnichisya vidvantazhennya, і filed a document, a certain svyadchit about taka vіdvantagzhennya.

Bankovsky transfer at rozraunkah for the export of comrades nadan obggi.Komertsyny bank vikonuє payment of money from foreign banks in order to pay the kostyov to the extent that the transfer is refunded, toto klієntіv to the bank abo klієntіv bankiov-koresponentіv tsiogo komertsinogo banka uzeredinі kraїni - for izovi viznachennya in paid Proruchennyi one iz oznachenih lowered vistіv vіdshduvannya sumo, sch vioplachuchatsya:

• Zarahuvannya sumi perekazu on razhunok "Nostro" in the bank of the recess;
• Zarahuvannya sumi perekazu on razhunok "Nostro" in the third bank;
• Nadannya rights debutuvati sumoyu perekazu rakhunok "Loro" bank junkies in komertsiynomu bank.

Platіznі доручення іноземних банків nadhodyat v vihliadі поштових, telegraphic доручень або доручень, отриманих каналами СВІФТ. Teleksnі plііzіні доручення повинні мати perekladalny key. Поштові платіжні доручення підписються вновноваженими поседовими особінонононого банку. Teleksnі dobruchennia, sho do not maitu perekladalnogo key, і posthtovi proruchennya, not pis'pisanno podpisanni not for the form, before vikonannya not priymayutsya. Виконання платіжних доручень, що надійшли від іноземних банків, починається з перевірки і провленвлення відмітки (stamp) about the adherence to the key пoпппису.

On skin platіzhne doruchennya іnozemnogo bank skladaєtsya memorіalny warrant for vstanovlenoyu form, tobto debetuєtsya rakhunok "nostro" in the bank to that bank od yakogo nadіyshlo platіzhne doruchennya, i kredituєtsya rozpodіlny rakhunok klієnta. In the text of the memorial order, the date of the currency order is owed, it is imposed on the paid do-it-yourself bank-correspondent.

Sumi dokumentarnyh reconsiderations, ny osiyshli vіd bankov-korrespondentіv, not zarahovuyutsya on rahunok klієnt, obіkovut'sya na promіzhnomu rahunku up nadannya їm uchimnyh u dobyuchennyi dokumentov u vstanovlenni string. In the case of non-documented documents, the neophyte bank of the recalcitant shall sew an inostrucia stasovno perekazu.

Komertsіyny bank responsible spovіstiti klієnta, yaky otrimav perekaz, about otrimanі on yogo іm'ya platіzhnі doruchennya іnozemnih bankіv scho zalishayutsya without vikonannya s quiet chi іnshih reasons (vіdsutnіst currency exchange pokrittya abo rahunku toscho).

For більш чіткої роботи у форі банівського переказу the commercial bank is guilty of regularly updating its accounts of the relocation of its correspondent countries in the region and behind the cordon, that is, when the contract is signed, by informing the proprietor of the importer for zdіysnennya chitkogo perekazu koshtiv rahunok eksportera yogo Bank.

Bankovsky transfer at rozraunkah for importovannyi comrador otrimany sggi. Komertsіyny Bank vikonuє doruchennya svoїh klієntіv of companies i-SET, SSMSC toil at the bank precisely Monetary carrying rakhunok - on perekazuvannya currency across the border to pay for vartostі іmportovanogo product, trademark dokumentіv abo dokumentіv about nadannya poslug; Як авансові платеі, передбачені умовами звнішньоторговельних контраків; For the payment of forgiven і перекних веселів for придбані on credit; to repay zaborgovanostі scho z'yavilasya in rezultatі pererahunkіv, that on INSHI tsіlі, pov'yazanі s іmportom that eksportom tovarіv i poslug in furrows zalishku koshtіv on currency rahunku klієnta.

Переказування коштів за кордон за дорученням клієнтів комерційних банків здійснюється на основі claim for the transfer, in the yakі, zokrema, вказується:

• Suma transfer to the foreign currency (digital one);
• Sposіb vikonannya perekazu (by, by telegraph by the canals of SVIFT);
• Name the parties, but reject the transfer, її accurate addresses і number rahunku in the bank;
• The name of the bank, the cliche of the I-that, hto reject the transfer;
• The meta is confiscated;
• Number і the date of the call of the contractor;
• Naming the goods;
• Number rahunku klієnta, z yakogo moe bouti is written off suma perekazu, and takoz mozhilі vitrati i komіsіya for vikonannya perekazu.

When the kostyivs are being re-ordered for actual deliveries, the goods (nadani obedges) are required to pay the date of the yogo pributtya to the territory, in case of being re-paid for an advance payment - up to the advance.

On the application for a refusal obovzjazkovo vkazuyutsya sposib podavannya payizhnogo dobruchennya for the cordon. Yak has already been told that one of the forms of peregrine is to be shown: by post, telegraph by the channels of SVIFT. Re-categorized by TV channel as SWIFT channels for the rake of the ransacker, and through write-offs, sums of wages, registration of the credit card account until the tariffs are fixed for the specific skin bank.

Bylshist bankov, napriklad at the United States, do not priymayut to vikonannya plizhizhnih doruchen, scho nadiyisli poshtoyu, abo vimagayut dodatkovogo pidstverdzhennya їx telex. The channels of the SVIFT system are transferred to the banks in the banks, which are to enter such systems of banking. The application for a refund is to be written in the form of an ad-hoc admission, and should be printed. With otrimanni applications for perekazuvannya koshtiv for the cordon vidpovidalny vikonavets komercitsynogo bank perevіrya correctness її formalized before the normative documents, zvіrya pidpisi i zhitki zі zrazkami.

In the case of an incorrect registration of a request for a refusal to turn around, do not pick up the approaching robotic day at once with a sub-sheet, in which the cause of the charge is to be encroached.

In particular, at the time of the announcement of the declaration, the conversion of the balance of the rahunku klієnta, toto nayavnist kostyv, neobhidnyh for perekazuvannya, and takozh pay for the sake of the vikonannya perekazu.

On priyonyatіy up to vikonannya declaring for a change of the visa, the vikonavets should be stamped iz zaznachennjam dates і reestruє yogo abo kinizi reestrazії perekazіv for cordon, abo in automatic mode. Vikonannya filed for a refusal zdіysnjєyatsya, yak rule, the stretch of three robotic dniv.

At the day of the payment of the payment in the bank, the information on the balance of the form of the memo warrant should be collected, in automatic mode, and the following: the sum of the payment of the card account shall be written off for the loan of the loan and credited to the rake of Nostro in the correspondent bank. Suma komіsії відповідно до існуючого тарифу списьється з рахунку клієнта і lend to the raunch of income for the bank, sumy telex for vitot abo vitrat for korostuvannya nezheyu SVIFT to be written off takozh rahunku klієnta і credit for rahunku income to the bank. At the memorial order, the currency is reserved. Yakischo currency payment in the currency, yak is led by the rahunok klієnt, at the time of payment, to shell out the currency, the currency is paid to the currency at the currency rate at the foreign exchange rate, and written off from the currency of the currency.