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Fіzіologіya i psihologіya pratsі - Krushelnitska YV

Rozdіl 11 VIROBNICHE SEREDOVISCHE TA Yogo VPLIV ON ORGANІZM the I PRATSEZDATNІST Lyudin

11.1. Factory virobnichogo seredovischa she minds pratsі

Sutnіst that factorization virobnichogo seredovischa

Stan Zdorov'ya i rіven pratsezdatnostі pratsіvnikіv great mіroyu deposits od virobnichogo seredovischa Where Money Does vіdbuvaєtsya Trudova dіyalnіst. Virobniche seredovische bezposeredno vplivaє on produktivnіst pratsі. In nespriyatlivih minds virobnichogo seredovischa pratsіvnik not tіlki vikonuє trudovі dії, ale th zaznaє dodatkovogo navantazhennya on organіzm in zv'yazku s neobhіdnіstyu vikonuvati fіzіologіchnu robot s metoyu pristosuvannya to quiet chi іnshih faktorіv.

Pid virobnichim seredovischem rozumіyut vzaєmopov'yazany complex tehnіchnih, tehnologіchnih that organіzatsіynih faktorіv, SSMSC vplivayut on energetichnі costs nervovo-m'yazovu i psihіchnu dіyalnіst pratsіvnika, yogo Zdorov'ya that produktivnіst pratsі.

Nayvazhlivіshimi factors virobnichogo seredovischa Je fіzichnі, hіmіchnі, bіologіchnі that psihofіzіologіchnі, SSMSC for Pevnyi minds shaping can Buti i nebezpechnimi shkіdlivimi pratsіvnikіv for Health Protection. Nebezpechnimi i shkіdlivimi nazivayutsya factors SSMSC at kontaktі s organіzmom Helsinki Human vipadku have torn down vimog BEZPEKA mozhut viklikati virobnichі injury, profesіynі zahvoryuvannya abo vіdhilennya in stanі Zdorov'ya scho viyavlyayutsya Suchasnyj methods, yak at protsesі pratsі, so i have vіddalenі perіodi Zhittya Suchasnyj that maybutnogo pokolіn.

Before groupies fіzichnih nebezpechnih that shkіdlivih virobnichih faktorіv nalezhat: zabrudnenіst i zagazovanіst povіtrya, pіdvischena abo znizhena temperature pіdvischeny rіven noise i vіbratsії, pіdvischeny abo znizheny Atmospheric gripe i ruh vologіst povіtrya, іonіzatsіya povіtrya, nedostatnє osvіtlennya, pіdvischena yaskravіst, znizhena kontrastnіst.

Grupa hіmіchnih nebezpechnih that shkіdlivih virobnichih faktorіv presented zagalnotoksichnimi, podraznyuyuchimi that rechovinami carcinogens.

GROUP bіologіchnih nebezpechnih that shkіdlivih virobnichih faktorіv stanovlyat mіkro- that makroorganіzmi.

Psihofіzіologіchnі nebezpechnі that shkіdlivі virobnichі factorization pov'yazanі s fіzichnimi that nervovo-psihіchnimi perevantazhennyami pratsіvnika.

Factory virobnichogo seredovischa spravlyayut yak directly, so i oposeredkovany vpliv the camp, she produktivnіst yakіst pratsіvnika robots. Napriklad, direct vpliv noise viyavlyaєtsya in stvorennі pereshkod for spіlkuvannya pratsіvnikіv, Priya Sound signalіv and takozh in ponizhennі gostroti hearing. Oposeredkovany vpliv noise viyavlyaєtsya in pogіrshennі pam'yatі kontsentratsії i uwagi, znizhennі shvidkostі sensorimotor reaktsіy negatively emotsіynih pratsіvnikіv mills.

Vpliv faktorіv virobnichogo seredovischa deposits od їhnoї fіzichnoї sutі, Sealy i trivalostі dії.

For character vplivu on organіzm pratsіvnika factorization virobnichogo seredovischa podіlyayutsya on Dvi groups:

• adaptivnі;
• neadaptivnі.

Up on adaptive nalezhat factorization to yakih organіzm Helsinki Human Mauger in Pevnyi furrows pristosuvatisya Shlyakhov mobіlіzatsії energії for pereborennya їhnogo negative vplivu. Znizhena pratsezdatnіst vіdnovlyuєtsya zavdyaki zaprovadzhennyu Pererva on vіdpochinok that realіzatsії fіzkulturno-gіgієnіchnih zahodіv.

Before maladaptive nalezhat factorization virobnichogo seredovischa, SSMSC spravlyayut nezvorotny vpliv on organіzm Helsinki Human (Promyslova drank promislovі otruti, kantserogennі that іonіzuyuchі rechovini, vipromіnyuvannya).

Zi zbіlshennyam Sealy vplivu factor pіdvischuєtsya reaktsіya tієї funktsіonalnoї system yak pіdtrimuє rіven regulyatsії naybіlsh vazhlivih for organіzmu funktsіy. Schodo dіyalnostі, over rakhunok drugoryadnih її parametrіv pіdtrimuyutsya on dostatnomu rіvnі osnovnі parametric robot.

Zavdyaki compensatory mehanіzmam organіzmu mozhlive pіdtrimannya pratsezdatnostі on poperednomu rіvnі, nezvazhayuchi on dіyu factor. However kompensatornі mozhlivostі organіzmu toil pevnі mezhі i zmenshuyutsya on mіrі zbіlshennya Sealy i trivalostі dії factor. Same tsimi mezhami viznachaєtsya admissibility dії hour of chi іnshogo factor.

Factory virobnichogo seredovischa toil fіzіologіchnі yak, so i psihologіchnі mezhі. Fіzіologіchna boundary harakterizuєtsya such regulations, perevischennya yakih potrebuє pripinennya robots. Psihologіchna boundary harakterizuєtsya Pevnyi regulations, perevischennya yakih viklikaє in pratsіvnika vіdchuttya discomfort.

Yakscho exposure The factors trivatime Ponad admissibility of an hour, then stanі Zdorov'ya pratsіvnika come pogіrshennya i yogo znizitsya pratsezdatnіst. Zvіdsi viplivaє neobhіdnіst normuvannya faktorіv virobnichogo seredovischa i pіdtrimannya їh on nalezhnomu rіvnі, tobto stvorennya spriyatlivih pratsі minds.