Legal encyclopedia. Letter B

UNIVERSAL SUFFRAGE

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Narrow sense - the constitutional right of a citizen to elect and be elected to the organs of state and municipal power, and also participate in a referendum.

The following species are distinguished:

1) active suffrage, i.e. The right of a citizen to elect state and municipal authorities;

2) passive suffrage, i.e. The right of a citizen to be elected to the organs of state or municipal authority.

In the broad sense of the word, the IPP is a system of all norms that govern the entire electoral process.

A citizen of the Russian Federation has a VI on reaching 18 years of age, and upon reaching the age established by the Constitution of the Russian Federation, federal laws, constitutions (statutes), laws of the subjects of the Russian Federation, to be elected to government bodies and local self-government bodies. A citizen of the Russian Federation who

Will reach the age of 18 on the voting day, have the right to participate in other electoral actions and other actions for the preparation and holding of a referendum as provided for by law and conducted by lawful methods.

All citizens of the Russian Federation, regardless of gender, race, nationality, language, origin, property and official status, residence, attitude to religion, beliefs, membership in public associations, and other circumstances possess all the citizens of the Russian Federation.

Citizens who are recognized as incompetent by the court or held in places of deprivation of liberty by a court verdict have no right to elect, to be elected, to participate in the referendum.

An active electoral right is enjoyed by a citizen whose place of residence is located within the constituency. The stay of a citizen of the Russian Federation outside his place of residence during the election in the district in which the residence is located does not constitute grounds for depriving him of the right to participate in elections. Act, an active suffrage may be granted to a citizen whose place of residence is located outside the constituency.

To implement the passive right of a citizen, there are a number of limitations:

1) the certain duration of residence in the territory of the Russian Federation, which is established by the Constitution of the Russian Federation;

2) if a decision of the court on depriving him of the right to occupy state and (or) municipal positions for a certain term comes into force with respect to a citizen of the Russian Federation, if the voting at the elections to the bodies of state power, local self-government bodies takes place before the expiration of the specified period;

3) the citizen's achievement of a certain age. The minimum age of a candidate to be established can not exceed 21 on election day for a legislative (representative) body of state power of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation, 30 years for elections to a higher official of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation and 21 years for elections to local self-government bodies. The maximum age of the candidate is not allowed.

Based on international treaties of the Russian Federation

And in accordance with the procedure established by law, foreign citizens permanently residing in the territory of the respective municipal formation have the right to elect and be elected to local self-government bodies, and also participate in a local referendum on the same terms as Russian citizens.

Citizens of the Russian Federation realize VI IP on an equal footing, each citizen has an equal number of votes, voting is held secretly so that there is no pressure on the will of the citizen.