Legal Encyclopedia. Letter T

POLITICAL STRUCTURE

RF

It means the division of the territory of Russia for administrative territorialnomuprintsipu.

According to the Constitution of the Russian Federation is a federal state, ie, It refers to the States with a federal structure.

Currently in Russia there are 89 subjects:

1) 1 autonomous region;

2) 2 cities of federal significance; 3) 6 edges;

4) 21 Republic;

5) 49 areas.

Acceptance and formation of a new subject of the Russian Federation carried out on the basis of a federal constitutional law. Thus, according to the Federal Constitutional Law of 25 March 2004 in the merger of two of the bordering regions of the Russian Federation - Perm region and Komi-Perm Autonomous District with the December 1, 2005 formed a new entity

Russian Federation - Perm Krai.

The borders between the subjects of the Russian Federation may be changed upon their mutual consent.

According to the Constitution of the Russian Federation all actors have equal status, it can be changed only by mutual consent of the subject of the Russian Federation and in accordance with the federal constitutional law.

The subject of the Russian Federation has its own constitution and its own charter. In them, he secures the position of the head of the RF subject, structure and powers of the legislative and executive authorities, territorial division of the subject of the Russian Federation. The rules contained in those legal acts are valid only in the territory of the particular subject of the Russian Federation and shall not contradict the Constitution and federal laws, otherwise they are considered invalid and are not subject to the application.

The official language of the Russian Federation throughout its territory is Russian. Republic grants the right to establish their own state languages. The state power bodies, local self-government institutions of the Republic, they are used along with Russian

language.

Separation of powers and terms of reference between the Russian Federation and the subject takes place on the basis of the Constitution. There are conducting RF subjects of joint jurisdiction of the Russian Federation and the subject of the Russian Federation, the subject of doing a subject of the Russian Federation.

On issues within the jurisdiction of the Russian Federation issued by federal constitutional laws and federal laws that apply to the entire territory of the Russian Federation.

According to the joint jurisdiction of the Russian Federation and the subjects of the Russian Federation adopted the federal laws as well as laws and other normative legal acts of the RF subjects, which may not conflict with federal law, in case of conflict the federal law.

On the subject of self-management entities of the Russian Federation shall exercise their own legal regulation, including the adoption of laws and other normative legal acts. In this case, if the subject of the Russian Federation legislation contradicts the federal, then the normative act of the subject of the Russian Federation.

The jurisdiction of the Russian Federation are:

1) the adoption and amendment of the Constitution and federal laws, control over their

compliance;

2) federal structure and the territory of the Russian Federation;

3) regulation and protection of the rights and freedoms of man and citizen; citizenship in the Russian Federation; regulation and protection of the rights of national minorities;

4) establishment of a system of federal legislative, executive and judicial authority, the order of their organization and activities; formation of federal bodies of state power;

5) federal state property and its management;

6) establishment of the principles of federal policy and federal programs in the sphere of state, economic, ecological, social, cultural and national development of the Russian Federation;

7) the establishment of the legal framework of the single market; financial, currency, credit, customs regulation, money issue, the principles of pricing policy; federal economic services, including federal banks;

8) the federal budget; federal taxes and fees; federal funds of regional development;

9) federal power systems, nuclear power, fissile materials; federal transport, railways, information and communication; activities in space;

10) foreign policy and international relations of the Russian Federation, international treaties of the Russian Federation; issues of war and peace;

11) vneshneekonomicheskieotnosheniya the Russian Federation;

12) defense and security; military production; n determining oryadka sale and purchase of arms, ammunition, military equipment and other military property; production of poisonous substances, narcotic substances and rules for their use;

13) determination of the status and protection of the state border, territorial sea, air space, exclusive economic zone and continental shelf of the Russian Federation;

14) the judicial system; the prosecutor's office; criminal, criminal-procedural and criminal-executive legislation; Amnesty and pardon; civil, civil procedure and arbitration procedure legislation; legal regulation of intellectual property;

15) federal conflict of laws;

16) meteorological service, standards, metric system and time measurement; surveying and mapping; names of geographical objects; official statistics and accounting;

17) state awards and honorary titles of the Russian Federation;

18) the federal public service.

The joint jurisdiction of the Russian Federation and the subjects of the Russian Federation are:

1) ensuring compliance of the constitutions and laws of republics, charters, laws and other normative legal acts of the territories, regions, federal cities, autonomous region, autonomous areas of the Russian Constitution and federal laws;

2) protection of the rights and freedoms of man and citizen; protection of rights of national minorities; ensuring law and order, public security; border zone regime;

3) issues of the possession, use and disposal of land, subsoil, water and other natural resources;

4) delimitation of state property;

5) use of natural resources; environmental protection and ecological safety; Protected Areas; historic preservation;

6) general issues of upbringing, education, science, culture, physical culture and sports;

7) coordination of health issues; protection of the family, motherhood, fatherhood and childhood; social protection, including social security;

8) carrying out measures against catastrophes, natural calamities, epidemics, elimination of their consequences;

9) establishment of common principles of taxation and levies in the Russian Federation;

10) administrative, administrative-procedural, labor, family, housing, land, water and forest legislation, legislation on subsoil and environmental protection;

11) frames the judicial and law enforcement authorities; advocacy, notaries;

12) the protection of original habitat and traditional way of life of small ethnic communities;

13) establishment of common principles of organization of the state system

and local authorities;

14) coordination of international and foreign economic relations of the subjects of the Russian Federation, fulfillment of international treaties of the Russian Federation.

Outside the limits of the Russian Federation and the Russian Federation powers to the joint jurisdiction of the Russian Federation and the subjects of the RF subjects of the Russian Federation shall possess full state power.

Government departments

established by the Russian Federation subjects independently in accordance with the principles of the constitutional system of the Russian Federation and the principles of organization of representative and executive bodies of state authority established by federal law.

The federal executive authorities and executive authorities of RF subjects form a single system of executive power in the Russian Federation for the exercise of authority within the conduct of the Russian Federation and the joint jurisdiction of the Russian Federation and the Russian Federation.

On the territory of the Russian Federation it is prohibited to establish customs borders, dues or any other barriers to full and free movement of goods, services and financial resources.