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valproate

Valproic acid and its salts (sodium, calcium, magnesium) are a relatively new group of antiepileptic drugs for the first time included in the practice of medicine in the mid 60s. From previously used antiepileptic drugs, these drugs differ in chemical structure and mechanism of action.
Valproic (2 propilvalerianovaya, 2-propilpentanovaya or dipropiluksusnaya) acid (Acidum valproicum) has the following structure.
In contrast to other antiepileptic drugs valproic acid is a nitrogen-free compound.
valproic acid preparations have anticonvulsant effects and are effective in different types of epilepsy, especially for small forms.
antiepileptic mechanism of action is poorly understood. It is believed that this effect is due to a specific effect on the metabolism - aminobutyric acid (GABA) as valproic acid is an inhibitor of the enzyme (tranferazy GABA or GABA T), which determines the enzymatic conversion and inactivation of GABA. Given that GABA is the endogenous inhibitory neurotransmitter (see. Aminalon), depressing the pre- and post-synaptic level, reduces the excitability of the postsynaptic membrane, believe that increasing the content of GABA in the central nervous system, valproic acid drugs in this way reduce the excitability and seizure of motor areas of the brain . However, in experiments in vitro and in situ effect valproate has been detected in relatively high concentrations for neurons. It is possible that a role in the mechanism of action of these drugs play some long-acting active metabolites or adaptive changes in neuronal functions.
valproic acid formulations in recent years, widely used in the treatment of patients with epilepsy.

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Subgroup Anticonvulsants drugs include: