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Spurs s Makroekonomіki

Makroekonomіchnі pokazniki

1) Virobnichy method

GDP = Key infrastructure-promіzhne spozhivannya + podatki on products

-subsidії on products

2) method Rozpodіlchy

GDP = wages + gross Naiman pratsіvnikіv Prybutok + zmіshany dohіd

+ Podatki on virobnitstvo that іmport-subsidії on virobnitstvo that іmport

3) Method kіntsevogo vikoristannya

GDP = Gross + Kіntseve spozhivannya nagromadzhennya + net eksport

G (derzhavnі zakupіvlі) = Cg (Keep. Spozhiv.) + Ig (іnvestuvannya)

NX (pure eksport) = EX (eksport) - IM (іmport)

E = C + I + G + NX

Y = E (for minds ekonomіnoї rіvnovagi)

GNI = Y + NI

GNI -valovy natsіonalny dohіd

Y-GDP

NI-Chistі Income zaroblenі residents behind a cordon

GNDI = Y + NI + NTR

GNDI -Valovy natsіonalny nayavny dohіd

NTR-chistі potochnі transfers

=

-іndeks zrostannya real GDP

-Prirіst Nomіnalnogo GDP for rakhunok zrostannya tsіn

4) Rinok pratsі

Rіven zaynyatostі = Zaynyatі / algae population 100 *

Rіven bezrobіttya Quantity = bezrobіtnih / robochem power * 100

Koefіtsіent uchastі in robochіy silі robochem = force / algae population 100 *

Un = uf + Us

Un = Natural rіven bezrobіttya

Uf = friktsіyne bezrob.

Us = structural bezrobіttya

Uc = tsiklіchne = (un (natural) - (Ll))

L = chiselnіst robolchoї Sealy

l = chiselnіst employment

Okun's Law

? * (U-un)

RPPOs in GDP% to GDP potentsіynogo

? - Chutlivіst GDP to tsiklіchnogo bezrobіttya

Yp = POTENTSІYNY GDP

Yp =

Vtrati GDP od tsiklіchnogo bezrobіttya

Y = Yp-Y

Zalezhnіst dinamіki factuality GDP od dinamіki faktichnogobezrobіttya

= -? * (Ut- )

- Interest zmіna factuality of GDP in perіodі t

- Interest zmіna potentsіynogo GDP in perіodі t

ut; -faktichne bezrobіttya

5) Penny rinok

Mo = gotіvka

M1 = Mo + Costa on the production rahunkah in nat. Valyutі

M2 = M1 + strokovі Costa in nat. Valyutі that valyutnі Costa;

M3 = M2 + in Costa klієntіv dovіrchomu upravlіnnі that

tsіnnі Paper the Vlasnyi Borg bankіv

H = CU + BR

Penny base H-

CU = gotіvka

BR = bankіvskі reserve

BR = LR + ER

LR = obov'yazkovі reserve

ER = reserve nadlishkovі

LR = lr * D

lr- standard obov'yazkovogo rezervuvannya

D = deposits

= CU + D

- Propozitsіya pennies

= H *

=

cr-koefіtsіent gotіvki

rr-reserve ratio

cr = CU / D

rr = BR / D

PRIRІST DEPOZITІV:

PRIRІST GOTІVKI:

PRIRІST POZIK:

L = D * (1-rr) abo 1-rr = BR

POPIT on groshі fіsher

= 1 / v * P * Y

PoPit on groshі kembrіdzh

= k * P * Y

6) Іnflyatsіyny mehanіzm

? = P -100%

? - Іnflyatsії pace in inline perіodі

P - Іndeks tsіn stream perіodu

? =

? =? + y * (? -? )

? - Іnflyatsіynі ochіkuvann on the production perіod

? -... Peredprognozovany perіod

P = Y / Yp

P rіven tsіn

Y - Sukupny popit

Yp- potentsіyne GDP

P = (M * V) / Y

M- penny masa

V - shvidkіst obіgu pennies

Y - obsyag virobnitstva

? =? -? (u-un) + ?

? - Ochіkuvany pace іnflyatsії

? - Chutlivіst іnflyatsії to zmіni rіvnya tsiklіchnogo bezrobіttya

7) Spozhivannya domogospodarstv

Osobisy dohіd = Salary + Naiman pratsіvnikіv

Zmіshany dohіd Income + od + aktivіv Sotsіalnі transfers

NKVD nayavny dohіd = VVP- (depreciation +

Nerozpodіleny Prybutok)

FV = PV * (1 + r)

FV- maybutnya vartіst

PV - teperіshnya vartіst

r- discount rate

n- Quantity rokіv maybutnogo perіodu

PV =

C = + c * DI

C-Private spozhivannya

- Autonomous spozhivannya

c is a boundary to skhilnіst spozhivannya

DI - nayavny precisely dohіd domogospodarstv

DI = Y

c =

serednya skhilnіst to spozhivannya

c = C / Y

Y (dohіd) = C (spozhivannya) + S (zaoschadzhennya)

Spozhivannya for zhittєvim cycle

C =? * Y +? * W

? - A boundary skhilnіst to spozhivannya s stream perіodu

? =

R-zagalna Quantity rokіv labor Zhittya

T-ochіkuvana Quantity rokіv Zhittya

W-Mein

? - A boundary skhilnіst dor spozhivannya s Lane

? =

8) Privatnі іnvestitsії

Boundary efektivnіst kapіtalu

K =

K-vartіst kapіtalnogo Lane (іnvestitsіynogo project)

PR- ochіkuvany Prybutok clean

R * - a boundary efektivnіst kapіtalu

Rocky t- protyago yakih Got vikoristovuvatisya am Main

Granichnі vitrati on kapіtal

MSC = r + d + nt

R -% real rate

D- norm amortizatsіynih vіdrahuvan

Nt - clear a boundary podatkovih rate Prybutok

Nt = rate podatku on pributok- podatkovih rate loan

Model gnuchkogo accelerator

It = d * kt + k * (kf-kt- 1)

Kf - Bazhanov obsyag main kapіtalu

D - rate amortizatsії

Kt - mainly on the cob kapіtal stream perіodu

K - chastka on yak usuvaєtsya RPPOs mіzh nayavnim i

Bazhanov obsyagom kapіtalu in inline perіodі

Easy іnvestitsіyna funktsіya

I = -b * r

I- popit on іnvestitsії

- Avtonomnі іnvestitsії (not od% rate)

b- chutlivіst іnvestitsіy to zmіni rіvnya% rate

Norma pributku =

Model simple accelerator

It = a * (Yt- ) + d * kt

It = popit on іnvestitsії in perіodі t

A = koefіtsіent akseleratsії

Yt- = Prirіst GDP for perіod t

a * (Yt- ) - Chistі іnvestitsії

d * kt = vіdnovlyuvalnі іnvestitsії

valovі zaoschadzhennya of companies = Gross pributok-

podatki on Prybutok-devіdenti

chistі zaoschadzhennya of companies = net Prybutok-Divіdenti

9) Sukupnі vitrati

Rіvnovazhny GDP

Y = E = C + I

Zmіna zaplanovanih sukupnih vitrat

= zmіna autonomous vitrat

= Zmіna іndivіdualnih vitrat

= *

me = - Multiplіkator vitrat

me = 1 / s-a boundary skhilnіst to zaoschadzhen

REtsesіyny RPPOs

=

s urahuvannyam іnflyatsії:

= * P (in chiselniku)

Іnflyatsіyny RPPOs

10) Ekonomichna dinamіka

Private Closed-ekonomіka

Y = C + I

Nagromadzhennya kapіtalu

k = i = d * k

k- zmіna kapіtaloozbroєnostі

i = s * y abo i = s * f (k)

k =

d * k- depreciation

prirіst population

k = s * f (k) - (d + n) * k

(d + n) * k - granichnі іnvestitsії

tehnіchny progression

k = s * f (k) - (d + n + g) * k

g- prirіst efektivnostі pratsі

n - the pace of growth in the population

Boundary product kapіtalu

MRK = d + n + g

- The growth rate of the product

= A * + +

= Rate of growth kapіtalu

- Growth rates pratsі

- Growth rates sukupnoї produktivnostі faktorіv

1-a = chastka pratsі in cont.

11) Zovnіshnoekonomіchna dіyalnіst

T = AT-TR

T-chistі podatki

AT-valovі podatki

TR-transfertnі platezhі

T = t * Y

a boundary podatkovih rate t-

t =

S + T = I + G (Keep. Procurement)

S = YTC

Sn = YC-Cg - nats.zaoschadzhennya

In = I + Ig - nat. іnvestitsії

Me = 1 / s + c * t?

Closed-rinkova Ek. System

Y = E

Y-rіvnovazhny GDP

E-zaplanovanі sukupnі vitrati

Y = C + S

C-Zaplana. Vitrati on Spozhiv.

S-keep. zaoschadzhennya

E = C + I

C-vitrati. On Spozhiv.

I-іnvestitsії

C = + c * DI

-avtonomne spozhivannya

with a boundary-chilnіst to spozhivannya

DI - nayavny precisely dohіd

DI = Y

<B> S = YCs * Y-

S = derzhavnі zaoschadzhennya

Y-GDP

St. deravnі spozhivannya

S - a boundary skhilnіst to spozhivannya

- Autonomous spozhivannya

C = S =

c + s = 1

* me

= zmіna autonomous vitrat

= Zmіna іndivіdualnih vitrat

me =

c- a boundary skhilnіst to spozhivannya

I = - B * i

- Avtonomnі іnvestitsії (not od% rate)

b - chutlivіst іnvestitsіy to zmіni rіvnya% rate

і- oblіkova rate

Model gnuchkogo accelerator

It = d * kt + k * (kf - kt -1)

Kf - Bazhanov obsyag main kapіtalu

D - rate amortizatsії

Kt - mainly on the cob kapіtal stream perіodu

K - chastka on yak usuvaєtsya RPPOs mіzh nayavnim i

Bazhanov obsyagom kapіtalu in inline perіodі

It =? * (Yt - ) + D * kt

It = popit on іnvestitsії in perіodі t

? = Koefіtsіent akseleratsії

Yt - = Prirіst GDP for perіod t

a * (Yt - ) - Chistі іnvestitsії

d * kt = vіdnovlyuvalnі іnvestitsії

Boundary efektivnіst kapіtalu

K =

K-vartіst cap i tal Lane (іnvestitsіynogo project)

PR - ochіkuvany Prybutok clean

R * - a boundary efektivnіst kapіtalu

t - Rocky protyago yakih Got vikoristovuvatisya am Main

C =

R -zagalna Quantity rokіv labor Zhittya

T -ochіkuvana Quantity rokіv Zhittya

W - vartvst Nabutov Lane

Closed-Zmіshana Ekonomichna system

Y = E = C + I + G

Y-rіvnovazhny GDP

E-zaplanovanі sukupnі vitrati

C-vitrati. On Spozhiv.

I-іnvestitsії

G - derzhavnі zakupіvlі

C = + c * DI

-avtonomne spozhivannya

with a boundary-chilnіst to spozhivannya

DI - nayavny precisely dohіd

DI = Y - T (sukupnі nadhodzhennya)

T = AT - TR

T -chistі podatki

AT -valovі podatki

TR - transfertnі platezhі

T = t * Y

t - a boundary podatkovih rate

t =

C = from Y (1-t)

G = Cg + Ig

Cg- derzhavnі spozhivannya

Ig - derzhavnі іnvestitsії

S = YTC

Sn = Sg + SYC-Cg

Sg-derzhavnі zoschadzhennya

Sn- natsіonalnі zaoschadzhennya

* me

= zmіna autonomous vitrat

=

me =

mt = c * me = c * -multiplіkator podatkіv

-

diskretsіyna fіskalna polіtika

( - ) -:

autonomous fіskalna polіtika

Penny propozitsіya:

H = CU + BR

H - Penny base

CU = gotіvka

BR = LR + ER

LR = obov'yazkovі reserve

ER = reserve nadlishkovі

LR = lr * D

lr - standard obov'yazkovogo rezervuvannya

D = deposits

cr + lr = rr

cr-koefіtsіent gotіvki

rr - reserve ratio

= *

=

cr = CU / D

rr = BR / D

penny popit

I * P = M * V

M = (Y * P) / V

M - Penny masa

V - shvidkіst obіgu pennies

Y - obsyag virobnitstva

P rіven tsіn

Keynsіansky pіdhіd

= K * Y - h * i

i - c pekulyativny popit

P =

BH in trіshnya zmіshana Ekonomichna system

Y = E = C + I + G + NX

Y-rіvnovazhny GDP

E-zaplanovanі sukupnі vitrati

C-vitrati. On Spozhiv.

I-іnvestitsії

G - derzhavnі zakupіvlі

NX - clean eksport

NX (pure eksport) = EX (eksport) - IM (іmport

GNI = Y + NI

GNI -valovy natsіonalny dohіd

Y-GDP

NI-Chistі Income zaroblenі residents behind a cordon

GNDI = Y + NI + NTR

GNDI -Valovy natsіonalny nayavny dohіd

NTR-chistі potochnі transfers

CA = NX + NI + NTR

CA-rakhunok precisely operatsіy

NX (pure eksport) = EX (eksport) - IM (іmport

NI-Chistі Income zaroblenі residents behind a cordon

NTR - nat. Transfertnі platezhі

Nx = Y-On-I-G

-SA = KA + EO RES

KA-kapіtalnі operatsї

NX = Sn - In

Sn = YC-Cg - nat. zaoschadzhennya

In = I + Ig - nat. іnvestitsії

C = (C + im) (1- t ) Y

Im -skhilnіst to іmportu

= zmіna autonomous vitrat;

Mauger = ; FROM; NX

Solow Model

=? * ?) +

sy = dk

sy = (d + n) * k

sy = (d + n + y ) * k