Інформаційно-комунікаційний менеджмент у глоному суспільстві - Bebik V.M.

Dodatok 5.2.1 Forgery of documents in the law

Moscow's comsomolets

The more professional, the more skilful their work is, the less noticeable it is. Aerobatics - when their work is indistinguishable at all. No, they are not spies or thieves-pickpockets. Ink, white and a brush. With this simple toolkit, retouching masters manually embellish reality. The professional does not need a few strokes to change his facial expression, having attached, for example, a grim face a smile, to straighten a disheveled hairdo or completely to erase a person from a photograph. In the Soviet times, at publishers, whole groups of twenty to thirty people worked. Retusher was an indispensable employee of any newspaper: both the multiparty and the central edition. Now the profession of the retoucher, especially the newspaper, without exaggeration can be attributed to a rare, almost dying out.

FILING DOCUMENTS IN THE LAW

"I shaved Cortázar!" Tatiana Kuznetsova - newspaper retoucher with experience. She retouched Brezhnev, Andropov, Chernenko and Gorbachev. Almost all famous people of that time: artists, politicians, musicians and scientists. Simple milkmaids and workers. All those who were replicated by Soviet newspapers.

- I started at the factory lots. Retouched illustrations for the military newspaper "At the post". It was required of us that all the warriors look "as in the picture." Without a single wrinkle on his shirt, sleek, smooth. This work was not particularly subtle. At that time they used a high seal, which did not give clear impressions. And poor-quality, erased photos were not printed at all. We just took mascara and whitewash and very rudely, if only brightly, traced outlines. Especially difficult it was necessary with illustrations in the newspaper at the University of Patrice Lumumba. There are Negroes! And with a high print on the photo, you could only distinguish the whites of the eyes. I had to blur my face with whites and aniline, so that at least something could be seen. It's the same with noble miners. They tried to take off their photocorps on a labor watch, with smoky faces.

And my first serious "hack-work" was in the Literary Gazette. I was given thirty photos for retouching. Two of them were particularly complex. One - almost completely filled with green. So it was not possible to scrape off. And the second - a portrait of the Argentine writer Julio Cortázar with a beard. By the time of the publication of the article about him from vegetation on the face Cortazar got rid of. A photograph of him without a beard was not. I had to "shave" the writer. Re-draw his chin and lips from a photo from a western newspaper.

Then I moved to work in the central edition and retouched mostly official photos. At the interview, the editor first asked: "Do you know all the members of the Politburo in person?" And all because of the TASS came to us pictures of various plenums and meetings, we called them "panoramas" - several glued photos of the meeting hall. From one point long-focus lens clicked several hall plans, and then combined. Our task is to make sure that the glued places are not visible. But the photographer could not, taking the hall in several receptions, not to capture people who were already in the previous shot, and sometimes even deliberately shot "with a reserve", so that it would be more convenient to glue together. And often on the same gluing the same person was present twice. That's why it was important to know everyone in person. And yet once pierced. A photograph with two Podgorny sitting next to him went to press. We noticed already in the printing house that the print run was stopped immediately, and the person who noticed noticed that he received the prize.

Responsibility to us at that time was enormous. God forbid you overlooked. The issuing editor was scrutinizing the finished "panoramas" literally in a magnifying glass. I went to work the next day and did not know whether I was still in the state or I had already been fired.
We were usually called from the TASS photo chronicle and said that we need to remove or add to the photos. In the last months of the reign, Brezhnev did not appear anywhere without security, and there was a strict order: in all pictures, guarding should be cleaned and painted under the inner Kremlin entourage. I had to draw even chandeliers.

Well, the story about Khrushchev is known, probably, everything. Nikita Sergeyevich met a high-ranking foreign guest at the airport. It was autumn, and all the accompanying persons were wearing coats and hats. But Khrushchev for some reason without a headdress. Retoucher, seeing the photo, was indignant: "What does this turn out, the head of the Soviet state takes off his hat in front of the West ?!" And immediately he painted on Nikita Sergeyevich a hat, guided exclusively by political motives. The next day the photo appeared in the newspaper: one hat (drawn by the retoucher-patriot) on the head of the secretary general, and the other (the real one, which Khrushchev took off at the time of the flash) - in his hands.

For a long time in Gorbachev all the photographs in our newspapers were covered with a birthmark. Despite the era of democracy and glasnost, the shortcomings of the first persons in the old-fashioned way were concealed. But then there was a discrepancy: the Western media represented Mikhail Sergeyevich as is, with a birthmark on his head, and ours - without. In the end, we also stopped cleaning the stain, so it was only a little blurred ...

In general, all politicians, we tried to give a gracious look: removed the double chins, softened the nasolabial folds. The awards were painted.

It happened, they rewarded a man, and they did not have time to take a picture. The same - and with asterisks on shoulder straps.

Open your eyes to the retoucher - holy. Sometimes people blink, but there is no other picture. I had to lift my eyelids, draw pupils. Yes that only did not do! Clouds were painted with a sponge. Changed posture or straightened posture.

But I love my work. I'm interested. Now I work more on the computer. But sometimes I pick up a brush ...

How to make Berezovsky a Gentile Photo chronicle ITAR-TASS is the holy of holies. It is the largest photographic bank in the country. All the official photographs in Soviet times were sent by the newspaper from here.

Tatiana Vladimirovna Orlova is the only staff retoucher available today. She still draws a brush. On her desk is a palette with aniline paints, thin brushes and a scraper made of a medical scalpel.

Her current order - photos of Olympians of past years and personal archive of Heydar Aliyev, sealed next to Leonid Ilyich Brezhnev. The photos from time have been erased, scratched. Tatyana Vladimirovna lightly, fast movements covers small defects.

"Oh, how the wives of the presidents tortured me!" - She complains. - Naina Yeltsin was not particularly scrupulous in this matter. And here Raisa Maksimovna ... All-all morshchinochki to her has covered, the second chin hid, a hairdress corrected. And now it's just a misfortune with the wife of a famous politician. She likes to be photographed so much that she even has her own photographer. He brings us packs of his pictures and demands that there be no wrinkles around his neck, and all the jewels (she's probably putting on everything she has in front of the camera) sparkled!

In general, I dreamed of enrolling in an art school. But she married early and missed the time. I got a job at the photo printing shop and started training on defective shots. Gradually I learned retouching.

Whenever she started, the portrait of Kosygin retouched and covered his birthmark with a cheek. I look: ugly such speck, give, I think, I will remove, as I wanted to do better. And they say to me: "What do you mean, he's on all the photos with a mole!" Such a cry stood. And Kosygin then took and brought out this mole ...

Recently, a political leader from Central Asia ordered his portraits. A retouch is necessarily included in the standard set of printing services. And portraits of that size ... Well, there are carpets, and here - photos. When we retouched it was taken out into the street. In the room there is simply nowhere to spread such canvases. And much so, probably, so that in every village you can hang ...

I also retouch Putin. But so, on a trifle. For example, the highlight on the nose is removed. Berezovsky somehow brought. In the photo, he was very clearly seen that one eye is smaller than the other and mows. I was asked to remove the cosine, make my eyes the same and add: make it look not so obvious in the photo.

Or here they brought photos from the session of the Constitutional Court. And all the assessors are elderly people. But they told me clearly: remove all wrinkles. I look at my work and laugh: I made all of them thirty years younger. And what is even more ridiculous: the customers were completely delighted.

Tatyana Vladimirovna compares herself with a plastic surgeon who can correct the appearance of a person beyond recognition and make a beautiful woman from any ugly woman. But she never retouched her own photos. And even not quite successful photos on the documents left as is. "How can this be the same forged documents!" - The retoucher laughs.

Nadezhda ARABKINA

Our comment: oskilki pіd hour візуального сприйнятття інформації на початку "зчитується" фотографія, а потім - drukovany text, on the asiсtion потрібно звертати special respect for the preparation of advertising material.