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The global trading system: rozvitok institutes, rules, labor of SOT - Tsigankova TM

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2.1.4. Tariffe regulyuvannya

Significance of tariffs in the system of regulation of the international trade in the name of the principal - the general purpose of the tariffs and trade , and the topics of the rounds of bagatelined trade negotiations, the absence of such bullets is imparted to the devotees of low tariffs. Do not divide yourself into meaningful progress, scammers in the haggard rates of the mit, SOT prodovzhu pridilyati tscomu pitanu znachnu uvugu, concentrating zusilya on the quiet spheres of dejalosti, de stito mita, and ozhe і access to the rynkiv not meet the tendencies of the liberalization of trade regimes. In the first place, the cherkes of the state of Silesia, the textile of the Odagiou. Tom can konstatuvati, scho one of the main GATT values, yak poleas in the maximum zmenshennyi abo skasuvannіi tariffs of that trade barb has not been reached yet.

Zmenshennya skasuvannya Torgovelnyh bar'eriv in the GATT - naslidkom spent a lot of bagatopolyonnyh negotiations. The result of such negotiations is, as a rule, і досягнення домованості щодо зменшення тарифів. Zmensheni tariffs zazypaayutsya at Rozklades action skinny kraїni.

Rozkladi act одно one-hourly yak perelikom uzhedozhenih pіd hour negotiation rates of tariffs for commodity positions, so і zobov'yаnnyam not perevischuvati in maybutnomu realnyi rates ponad fіksovany. Зафіксовані in Розкладах the act of a tariff rate is taken nazivati ​​"зв'язаними".

Krainei mozut zatrashi svoї zobov'yanya, pidvishchivshy fare ponad "zv'yany" riven. However, when you go, you have to make a mistake in negotiating with your partners, and in the front-line padding with your zwits.

Before completing the Uruguay Round, the kraini, the yakis held a talk, lined up their ties with Roskladi, which became an addendum to the Marrakesh protocol until the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade in 1994. The protocol is legal for haggling tariff rates, as if they were to be charged, "tariff hindrances, hozgodzheni with a member of the SOT, ask for a discount on the rates of the river tax havens, if the COT members are misinterpreted. First of all, it should be introduced into the day before the day of recruitment. The COT shall be introduced to the skin of the SOT, the skin shall be introduced into the dyu of the first skin of the approaching rock, and the remaining rate shall be introduced into the dyu, not the pirate nizh through the chotiri roki pislya nabrannya chinnosti. The HUNDRED of the COT, if Vidpadkiv, COT pobarcheno іnshe ". [4 p.33]

Uzgodzhennyi dogovirnymi parties GATT pid hour of trading negotiations in tariffs and інші acts are designated at їхніх Розкладах, які згідно Stati ІІ GATT "Rozkladi deed" є невід'ємною частиною Угоди [1, с.441]

Structurally, the act is described in part:

  • Partina І - farezny zobov'yana stosovno krasivіv, yakі pokhodit z teritorії інших договірних сторін і на які расповсюджюєєєєєѕ the zagalny regimen naybіlshogo sprijannya; [1. P.440]
  • Partina ІІ - farezny zobov'yanya stosovno kavkazi, yakі pokhodit z teritorії tih dovovіrnyh storin, yakі rozpovsujuyatsya preferential regime; [1. P.440]
  • Part III ІІІ - acts of the non-arid floods; [4. P.33]
  • Part IV - zobov'yana shodo vnutrennogo pidtrimki t eksportnyh subsidies on sylskogospodarskyi vedpovidno to Ugod pro sylske gosartarstvo. [5, p.37]

Kozhna kraїna mе індивідуальний (окремий) Rosklad act and zobov'yana not to impose tariffs on the taxes and zbori at rates, yakі "to shift ti mita ta zbori, sho buli vstanovleni" u vidpovidnomu Roskladi. [1, p.439]

Priinyattya zobov'yaznya nazivayutsya "zv'yazuvannami" fizarnoї positsії, and mitnі stakes, stasovno yak boolo zdіysnenno "zv'yazuvannya", nazivayutsya zv'yaznymi mitnymi rates.

Договірні parties GATT povinni nadavati one odnіy regimen not mensh pridlivlivy, nizh tse perebacheno in ikh Rozkladah, zvіlnyayuchi at tsymu one one vіd mit, yakі perevishchuet tі, scho viznachenі Rozkladom, z rayahvannyam terminіv, minds that zasterezhen, yaki buli peredbacheni in nyomu. [1, p.439-440]

Razom zim, zgіdno statti ІІ - Rozkladi act (p.2) with імпорті parties to be allowed to put on a comrade one одної:

"- zbir, ekvivalennny internal zatratku, nakladaetsya vidnosno sistemogochnogo vitschiznyannogo vibrobitntsva chi product, z yakogo importsovany goods buv ponnistyu ot pokovo vigotovleniy";

  • Be-yake anti-demining chi compensation;
  • Payment of abolition of zbori, scho vidpovidayut vartosti nadanih ambassador "; [1. P.440]

And at different times, if the comrade is forced to go abroad, the best way is to prefer the preference regime, "save your own money, on the day of rest. You will be able to import it at preferential rates of mitigation." [1. P.440]

Slid zaznachiti, scho naivit pislja progress in "zv'yazuvanni" rates of the metatrained hour of the Uruguay round of bagatelong trading negotiations, riven zv'yazuvannya on okremih kraynah kolovyaetsya in the boundaries of 10% of the tariff positions for promyslovi partner to 100%. The data of the table 1 characterize the parameter of the name of tariffs for the production of products on the territories of the members of the COT.

However, the zagalnyi riven zv'yazuvannya farev is not characterized by the real rivin zv'yazuvannya on okremih goods and commodity groups. Presented in the table 12 danі demojstrujut, scho on odnіy i tіy same commodity group of the middle riven zv'yazhanyh tariffs mozhe vidriznyasis in 10 raziv (Table 12).

Table 11

Called the tariff for promises [16.с.8]

Країни

Загальна кількість тарифних ліній

Call of the Known Tariff Lines

A cluster of calls for zero tariff lines

A cluster of unnamed zero tariff lines

Chastka not advolnih fare lines

Sorry for the average price of the tariff

Standard not vidhi

Linen

Bundle of tariff lines, sho vtrichi perevishchuet srednnіy riven

The rate of the tariffs is 15%

Piwnichna Amerika

Canada

6261

99.6

34.5

0.1

0.3

5.2

5.0

5.8

5.8

USA

7872

100.0

39.4

0.0 & gt;

4.2

3.9

5.6

7.5

3.5

Latin Amerika

Argentina

10530

100.0

0.0 & gt;

0.0 & gt;

NA

31.0

6.7

0.0 & gt;

99.7

Brazil

10860

100.0

0.5

0.0 & gt;

0.0 & gt;

30.0

7.4

0.0 & gt;

97.4

Chile

5055

100.0

0.0 & gt;

0.0 & gt;

0.1

25.0

0.5

0.0 & gt;

99.9

Columbia

6145

100.0

0.0 & gt;

0.0 & gt;

0.2

35.5

3.3

0.0 & gt;

100.0

Costa Rica

1546

100.0

0.0 & gt;

0.0 & gt;

NA

44.6

5.5

0.0 & gt;

99.8

El Salvador

4922

100.0

0.0 & gt;

0.0 & gt;

0.0 & gt;

36.9

8.1

0.0 & gt;

100.0

Jamaica

3097

100.0

0.0 & gt;

0.0 & gt;

0.0 & gt;

50.0

0.9

0.0 & gt;

100.0

Mexica

11255

100.0

0.0 & gt;

0.0 & gt;

0.0 & gt;

34.8

3.4

0.0 & gt;

99.3

Peru

4545

100.0

0.0 & gt;

0.0 & gt;

NA

30.0

0.0 & gt;

0.6

100.0

Venezuela

5974

100.0

0.0 & gt;

0.0 & gt;

0.0 & gt;

33.9

3.7

0.0 & gt;

99.2

Західна Европа

European Union

7635

100.0

26.9

0.0 & gt;

0.5

4.1

4.0

2.6

1.5

Ісландія

5689

93.2

41.6

2.9

0.0 & gt;

9.7

11.9

9.2

28.1

Norway

5326

100.0

46.5

0.0 & gt;

2.6

3.4

6.2

10.6

0.3

Swiss

6217

98.9

17.2

0.0 & gt;

82.8

1.8

4.6

8.7

0.3

Tourecina

15479

36.3

1.4

0.8

0.1

42.6

36.7

3.5

73.9

Europe Scheme

Chekhia

4354

100.0

14.0

0.0 & gt;

0.0 & gt;

4.3

3.1

1.2

0.9

Ugric

5896

95.4

10.4

0.2

0.1

7.4

5.4

2.0

3.1

Poland

4354

95.8

2.2

0.0 & gt;

0.0 & gt;

10.4

5.2

1.2

13.3

Rumunia

4602

100.0

5.8

0.0 & gt;

0.0 & gt;

30.8

9.8

0.0 & gt;

90.1

Slovak

4354

100.0

14.0

0.0 & gt;

0.0 & gt;

4.3

3.1

1.2

0.9

Azia

Australasia

5520

95.9

17.7

0.2

0.8

14.2

14.7

6.3

25.3

Gogh Kong

5110

23.5

23.5

76.5

0.0 & gt;

0.0 & gt;

0.0 & gt;

0.0 & gt;

0.0 & gt;

Індія

4354

61.6

0.0 & gt;

0.4

1.1

58.7

33.3

0.1

97.8

Індонезія

7735

93.2

0.0 & gt;

1.2

0.0 & gt;

38.9

12.3

0.3

97.2

Japan

7339

99.2

47.4

0.4

3.5

3.5

6.0

5.2

1.8

Korea

8882

90.4

11.6

0.0 & gt;

0.2

11.7

9.6

1.4

19.1

Malaysia

10832

61.8

1.6

2.8

3.2

17.2

13.4

0.4

58.3

New Zealand

5894

100.0

39.4

0.0 & gt;

2.5

12.7

15.7

4.0

39.5

Філіппіни

5387

58.6

0.0 & gt;

0.0 & gt;

4.1

26.1

12.0

0.0 & gt;

82.7

Singhapur

4963

65.5

15.2

33.8

0.2

4.6

4.8

0.5

0.2

Sri Lanka

5933

8.0

0.1

1.4

22.4

28.1

24.1

0.2

52.0

Thailand

5244

67.9

0.0 & gt;

1.2

19.7

27.5

10.6

0.1

87.1

Afrika

Cameroon

4721

0.1

0.0 & gt;

0.0 & gt;

0.0 & gt;

17.6

9.4

0.0 & gt;

45.8

Chad

4721

0.4

0.0 & gt;

0.0 & gt;

0.0 & gt;

17.8

10.0

0.4

45.8

Gabon

4721

100.0

0.0 & gt;

0.0 & gt;

0.0 & gt;

15.5

4.8

1.1

1.3

Senegal

2818

32.3

0.9

0.0 & gt;

NA

13.8

5.3

0.0 & gt;

79.2

Південна Афріка

11677

98.1

7.7

0.3

1.3

17.7

10.9

0.1

46.4

Tunis

5087

46.3

0.0 & gt;

1.0

0.0 & gt;

34.0

15.0

0.0 & gt;

98.4

Zimbabwe

1929

8.8

3.0

44.7

NA

11.3

13.0

9.3

44.1

Table 12

Forgive the middle rivny zv'yazanyh tariffs for promyslovi comrades in those commodity groups [16, p.11]

Країни

Деревина, папір, мебліі та інше

Textiles and clothes

Шкіра, гумові вироби, vzuttya companion for roads

Metal

Хімічне та фото обладнання

Transport is not free

Inelectric obligion

Електричне обладнання

Minerals, precious stones and metals

Promyslovі friend

Riba t rib products

Північна america

Canada

1.3

12.4

7.6

2.8

4,5

6.8

3.6

5.2

3.1

4.2

1.8

USA

0.6

8.9

8.4

1.8

3.7

2.7

1.2

2.1

3.3

3.0

2.2

Latin America

Argentina

29.4

35.0

35.0

34.4

23.5

34.6

34.9

34.7

32.8

33.7

34.5

Brazil

27.7

34.9

34.7

33.4

22.7

33.6

32.6

31.9

33.5

33.5

33.4

Chile

25.0

25.0

25.0

25.0

25.0

24.9

25.0

25.0

24.9

25.0

25.0

Columbia

35.0

36.8

35.2

35.0

35.0

35.8

35.0

35.0

35.1

35.0

47.7

Costa Rica

44.2

45.1

45.9

44.5

43.5

49.6

44.2

43.3

44.6

44.7

46.3

El Salvador

35.3

38.6

40.8

35.0

37.7

35.8

32.6

34.6

37.7

38.2

45.0

Jamaica

50.0

50.0

50.0

50.0

50.0

50.0

50.0

50.0

50.0

50.0

50.6

Mexico

34.0

35.0

34.8

34.7

35.2

35.8

35.0

34.1

34.4

34.6

35.0

Peru

30.0

30.0

30.0

30.0

30.0

30.0

30.0

30.0

30.0

30.0

30.0

Venezuela

33.7

34.9

34.5

33.6

34.1

33.6

33.2

33.9

34.1

33.4

33.8

Західна Європа

European Union

0.7

7.9

4.8

1.6

4.8

4.7

1.8

3.3

2.4

2.7

11.8

Ісландія

11.9

9.7

13.8

6.8

2.8

17.1

7.0

19.4

11.5

21.9

3.6

Norway

0.4

8.5

2.2

1.1

3.0

3.3

2.7

2.7

0.7

2.2

7.3

Swiss

2.1

4.6

2.0

1.1

1.5

2.2

0.6

0.7

1.5

1.3

0.5

Tourecina

40.5

80.3

79.9

30.4

29.0

25.8

23.7

26.6

39.4

43.3

26.2

Scіdna Europa

Chekhia

5.5

6.2

3.8

3.8

4.0

6.2

3.8

4.2

3.4

3.6

0.2

Ugric

5.4

8.1

6.7

4.9

5.5

15.9

8.4

9.5

5.0

7.8

17.1

Polscha

8.0

13.1

11.9

9.9

8.7

16.1

8.9

9.7

6.9

11.6

16.3

Rumunia

31.4

32.9

30.7

31.7

30.6

32.1

29.5

27.3

32.2

29.3

28.1

Slovak

5.5

6.2

3.8

3.8

4.0

6.2

3.8

4.2

3.4

3.6

0.2

Azia

Australasia

7.0

28.8

17.5

4,5

9.2

15.1

9.1

13.3

7.0

7.0

0.8

Hong Kong

0.0 & gt;

0.0 & gt;

0.0 & gt;

0.0 & gt;

0.0 & gt;

0.0 & gt;

0.0 & gt;

0.0 & gt;

0.0 & gt;

0.0 & gt;

0.0 & gt;

Індія

56.4

87.8

67.8

58.3

44.1

53.9

36.2

44.8

47.2

72.4

68.6

Індонезія

39.6

39.9

39.6

36.4

37.4

58.5

36.6

38.7

39.2

36.9

40.0

Japan

1.2

6.8

15.7

0.9

2.4

0.0 & gt;

0.0 & gt;

0.2

1.0

1.1

6.2

Korea

4.8

18.2

16.7

7.7

6.7

24.6

11.1

16.1

10.4

11.4

19.1

Malaysia

19.8

20.7

19.1

14.2

15.4

29.8

10.9

14.1

14.7

12.6

14.5

Nova Zelandiya

4,5

21.9

19.1

11.2

6.1

17.0

15.1

16.1

7.6

11.7

2.8

Філіппіни

31.8

27.7

32.7

22.9

22.6

26.1

22.0

26.2

28.5

29.5

29.4

Singhapur

3.1

7.8

3.4

3.2

5.0

4.4

4.3

4.9

1.2

1.2

9.8

Sri Lanka

32.6

45.0

43.0

16.6

15.8

18.3

12.8

20.4

26.2

27.1

49.2

Thailand

21.3

29.2

34.1

25.6

29.3

38.5

23.4

30.5

25.9

29.5

12.5

Africa

Cameroon

21.8

22.8

21.2

15.9

11.6

14.9

12.2

16.8

18.5

22.9

23.8

Chad

21.8

22.7

21.2

15.9

11.6

20.2

12.2

16.8

18.5

22.9

23.8

Gabon

15.5

15.1

15.0

15.2

15.2

15.0

15.2

15.0

16.1

18.5

15.0

Senegal

17.6

16.1

16.3

15.1

15.2

14.1

6.7

7.2

15.1

15.0

12.9

Pіvdenna Africa

9.2

27.7

23.1

14.1

13.9

23.3

12.0

17.4

11.5

14.8

22.5

Tunis

34.2

56.3

36.1

25.6

26.5

25.5

25.2

29.1

28.9

32.5

41.2

Zimbabwe

12.6

21,4

13.1

9.1

5.5

10.1

6.3

12.3

7.6

15.5

3.1

Early on, it was announced that, as soon as the calls for tariffs in the region did not occur, the right to interrogate the rendezvous riches, which was introduced into the Rosklad act. However, the right is right, you are going out of the concrete rinkovoi situation of zmenshuvati really zastosovuvanyh riven rates mita. We can see from the table 13 on the Canadians, the Territories of Latin America, the Byzantine Territories of Asia. At the same time, the middle rivet zastosovyh rates tariffs perevishchuv zv'yaniyah riven in the US, ЄС, Чехії, Угорщині, Словаччині, Японияії.

Table 13

Прості середні рівні зв'язаних та реально застосованих тарифів

On promyslovі friend [16, p.17]

 

Країни

Кінцевий термін впровадження

The middle rivel zv'yazuvannya

The middle riven of the docked tariffs

 

Vidhilennya

Північна america

Canada

2000

5.2

4.8 (1998)

0.4

USA

2000

3.9

4.3 (1999)

-0.3

Latin America

Argentina

2005

31.0

13.7 (1998)

17.3

Chile

2005

25.0

10.9 (1997)

14.1

Columbia

2005

35.5

11.2 (1998)

24.3

Costa Rica

2005

44.6

6.4 (1998)

38.2

Mexico

2005

34.8

12.6 (1998)

22.3

Peru

2005

30.0

13.0 (1998)

17.0

Західна Європа

European Union

2000

4.1

5.0 (1998)

-0.9

Ісландія

2000

9.7

2.5 (1998)

7.2

Norway

2000

3.4

3.3 (1998)

0.1

Swiss

2000

1.8

...

Tourecina

2000

42.6

7.5 (1996)

35.1

Scіdna Europa

Chekhia

2000

4.3

4.8 (1998)

-0.5

Ugric

2000

7.4

9.0 (1996)

-1.7

Slovak

2000

4.3

4.9 (1998)

-0.6

Azia

Australasia

2000

14.2

5.8 (1998)

8.3

Hong Kong

2005

0.0 & gt;

0.0 (1998)

0.0 & gt;

Japan

2000

3.5

4.2 (1998)

-0.6

Korea

2005

11.7

7.9 (1998)

3.8

Філіппіни

2005

26.1

9.5 (1998)

16.6

Singhapur

2005

4.6

0.0 (1996)

4.6

Africa

Cameroon

2005

17.6

17.6 (1999)

0.0 & gt;

Chad

2005

17.6

17.6 (1999)

0.0 & gt;

Gabon

2005

15.5

17.6 (1999)

-2,1

Prior to the power of the tariff regulation of the international trade, it is necessary to levy on such tariff negotiations as the rules of negotiations, the rules of negotiations, the procedure for negotiation, and the procedure for the negotiation of negotiations. The costs of the negotiations are reduced to the Uruguay Round by the House of Representatives of the GATT.


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