home Economy books Global trading system: rozvitok іnstitutіv, rules іnstrumentіv COT - Tsigankova TM

Global trading system: rozvitok іnstitutіv, rules іnstrumentіv COT - Tsigankova TM

2.4.4.3. Geografіchnі zaznachennya

Lands TRІPS viznachaє geografіchnі zaznachennya yak "zaznachennya, SSMSC viznachayut goods yak Taqiy, scho s like teritorії Kraina-member regіonu abo yogo mіstsevostі on teritorії, if given yakіst, reputatsіya abo INSHI product characteristics digit mіroyu pov'yazanі s yogo geografіchnim situation." [1, p.345]

Chastіshe vsogo geografіchne zaznachennya skladaєtsya s titles Georeferencing pohodzhennya tovarіv. Sіlskogospodarskі produkti zazvichay toil vlastivostі scho obumovlenі mіstsem їh virobnitstva, yak pid znahoditsya vplivom Pevnyi natural chinnikіv such yak osoblivostі klіmatu abo warehouse ground. Power about those chi dіє yakiys sign of Quality in geografіchnogo zaznachennya, Je kompetentsієyu natsіonalnogo zakonodavstva i viznachaєtsya Especially spriynyattyam spozhivachіv. Geografіchnі zaznachennya mozhut vikoristovuvatisya for a wide Cola sіlskogospodarskih produktіv, "Tuscany" for olії, vigotovlenoї in odnoymennіy oblastі Іtalії; "Roquefort" for Ser, at vigotovlenogo Frantsії.

Vikoristannya geografіchnih zaznachen not obmezheno sіlskogospodarskimi products. Pong shaping can takozh pіdkreslyuvati osoblivі vlastivostі product, scho Yea result sotsіalno cultural chinnikіv, vlastivih mіstsyu pohodzhennya Tsikh produktіv, zokrema such yak i osoblivі navichki traditsії vigotovlennya product. So mіstsem pohodzhennya Mauger Buti selishte Misto abo, abo regіon Krajina. Butt ostannoї Mauger sluzhiti zaznachennya "Switzerland" ( "Shveytsarіya") abo "Swiss" ( "shveytsarsky"), at scho bagatoh kraїnah spriymaєtsya yak geografіchne zaznachennya tovarіv, vigotovlenih in Shveytsarії, i zokrema have vіdnoshennі godinnikіv.

Naymenuvannya Georeferencing pohodzhennya tovarіv - tse Especially views geografіchnogo zaznachennya, vikoristovuvanogo for poznachennya product, osoblivі vlastivostі yakogo vinyatkovo abo bunt rank viznachayutsya typical for danogo geografіchnogo ob'єkta natural minds have yakih viroblyayutsya takі goods. Kontseptsіya geografіchnogo zaznachennya Je bіlsh a spreading nіzh naymenuvannya Georeferencing pohodzhennya. Butt naymenuvan Georeferencing pohodzhennya scho ohoronyayutsya in powers-participant Lіsabonskoї lands On Protection naymenuvan mіsts pohodzhennya i їh mіzhnarodnoї reєstratsії, Je "Bordeaux" ( "Bordeaux") in vіdnoshennі wine vigotovlenogo in frantsuzkіy mіstsevostі Bordeaux, "Havana" ( "Havana") in vіdnoshennі Tyutyunov scho viroschuєtsya in rayonі Harbor (Cuba) abo "Tequila" ( "Tequila") in alcoholic vіdnoshennі napoїv, vigotovlenih viznachenih in areas of Mexico.

Oskіlki geografіchne zaznachennya vkazuє Especially on Location regіon virobnitstva abo scho viznachayut osoblivі vlastivostі product, scho tsogo s like Georeferencing abo regіonu, duzhe vazhlivo, dwellers tsі osoblivі vlastivostі i reputatsіya danogo product viznachalisya sama CIM mіstsem. Oskіlki osoblivі vlastivostі stale od geografіchnogo Georeferencing de viroblyaєtsya product іsnuє Especially "phone reception" mіzh goods i mіstsem, de stink boule spochatku zroblenі.

Geografіchnі zaznachennya rozglyadayutsya spozhivachami yak pokaznik pohodzhennya i tovarіv of Quality. Bagato s Nabeul them visokoї reputatsії i populyarnostі svіtovomu on market analysis, with the SSMSC vіdsutnostі nalezhnoї receptionists shaping can Buti vikrivlenі nedobrochinnimi komertsіynimi dіyami konkurentіv. Svavіlne vikoristannya geografіchnih zaznachen fіrmami scho toil not allowed to TAKE vikoristannya (napriklad, "Darjeeling" ( "Darjeeling") in vіdnoshennі tea, scho not vigotovlyaєtsya on tea plantatsіyah Darjeeling) zavdaє Skoda spozhivacham i virobnikam laws of such tea. Spozhivachі kupuyut nіbito dіysny product, scho Got osoblivі vlastivostі, in one hour yak stink factuality oplachuyut іmіtatsіyu, scho not Got nіyakoї tsіnnostі. Laws virobnikam zavdaєtsya zbitok, oskіlki them vіdnіmayut Chastain spozhivachіv i shkodyat stalіy reputatsії їh produktsії.

Geografіchnі zaznachennya ohoronyayutsya vіdpovіdno to standards natsіonalnogo zakonodavstva i vіdpovіdno to a wide range of kontseptsіy, zokrema such yak zakonodavstvo on borotbі s nesumlіnnoyu konkurentsієyu, zakonodavstvo on ohoronі іnteresіv spozhivachіv, zakonodavstvo on ohoronі sertifіkatsіynih znakіv abo spetsіalnі law on ohoronі geografіchnih zaznachen abo naymenuvan Georeferencing pohodzhennya. According sutі, individuals scho toil nalezhnogo not permitted without mozhut vikoristovuvati geografіchnі zaznachennya, Yakscho vikoristannya Takeo Mauger enter in Oman spozhivachіv stosovno dіysnogo pohodzhennya tovarіv.

The low mіzhnarodnih dogovorіv, admіnіstrativnі funktsії yakih vikonuє Vsesvіtnya organіzatsіya іntelektualnoї vlasnostі, peredbachayut receptionists geografіchnih zaznachen. In Persha Cherga, tse Parizka konventsіya s receptionists promislovoї vlasnostі 1883 p. i Lіsabonska lands On Protection naymenuvan mіsts pohodzhennya i їh mіzhnarodnu reєstratsіyu. Krіm of Stattі 22-24 lands torgovelnі about aspects of the right іntelektualnoї vlasnostі regulyuyut mіzhnarodnu receptionists geografіchnih zaznachen from within Svіtovoї organіzatsії torgіvlі.

W metoyu Zahist geografіchnih zaznachen, Kraina MEMBER COT homes zabezpechuvati zakonnі come in schodo zapobіgannya vikoristannya zasobіv viznachennya abo presentation of goods, yaky svіdchit abo peredbachaє scho virіb like s іnshogo Georeferencing, nіzh spravzhnє Location pohodzhennya, i note introducing in Oman wide Zaga schodo geografіchnogo pohodzhennya virobu. Tse i stosuєtsya whether yakogo vikoristannya, yak Yea act nedobrochinnoї konkurentsії in kontekstі Stattі 10-bis of the Parizkoї konventsії (1967), yak vklyuchaє: zaznachennya, SSMSC mozhut enter in Oman publіku schodo Nature, vigotovlennya processes, characteristics that pridatnostі virobu of Quality; dії scho stvoryuyut plutaninu s establish Promyslova goods abo chi komertsіynoyu dіyalnіstyu competitor; nepravdivі tverdzhennya to place the diskreditatsії, tovarіv abo abo promislovoї komertsіynoї dіyalnostі competitor.

Krіm of Kraina MEMBER COT povinnі vіdmovlyati in reєstratsії trademarks skasovuvati abo yogo, Yakscho trademarks Got geografіchne zaznachennya, yak in Oman to introduce a wide Zaga stosovno spravzhnogo Georeferencing pohodzhennya virobu. [1, p.345]

Tsі position (22 statte "Zahist geografіchnih zaznachen") stosuyutsya vsіh trademark znakіv scho toil takі zaznachennya. However vrahovuyuchi viklyuchnu role geografіchnih zaznachen for marketingovoї dіyalnostі virobnikіv alcoholic wines that napoїv svіtovomu on market analysis, TRІPS peredbachaє dodatkovy Zahist geografіchnih zaznachen for Tsikh tovarіv (statte 23). So, quietly vipadkah, if the wine is the spirtnі nápoje, not resembling s Georeferencing, viznachenogo danim geografіchnim zaznachennyam, i navіt if vkazane real Location pohodzhennya abo geografіchne zaznachennya vikoristovuєtsya in perekladі abo words such yak "variety", "kind", "type "," style "," іmіtatsіya "toscho, Krayina member COT Got zabezpechiti vzhittya vіdpovіdnih zahisnih zahodіv. [TRІPS. p.345]

Vid Kraina member COT not vimagaєtsya zaboroni vikoristannya Pevnyi geografіchnih zaznachen schodo abo alcoholic wines napoїv, Yakscho stink postіyno i dobrosovіsno vikoristovuvalisya on yogo teritorії protyagom prinaymnі rokіv 15 to 15 kvіtnya 1994 p. Yakscho Trademarks zastosovuvavsya chi CCB zareєstrovanim, abo pridbanim in dobrosovіsny sposіb to dati zastosuvannya Tsikh provisions of abo to Zahist geografіchnogo zaznachennya in kraїnі pohodzhennya, pridatnіst to reєstratsії abo її chinnіst, abo right to vikoristannya trademarks not povinnі uschemlyatisya on pіdstavі of scho taka trade brand іdentichna abo similar to geografіchnoї Price not specified. [TRІPS. s.346-347]

W metoyu sproschennya Zahist geografіchnih zaznachen for wines Kraina MEMBER COT homes provoditi at Radі TRІPS, discuss stosovno vstanovlennya bagatostoronnoї Sistemi spovіschennya that reєstratsії geografіchnih zaznachen for wines SSMSC povnіstyu vіdpovіdayut vimogam for Zahist on teritorії kraїn-chlenіv system.