Marketing - Primak TO

5.4. Methods of installation

The prices for the goods are to be received by the singing of the singers. W. one side, the price of the virgilated product is to bring a surplus, tobto is not guilty of the bottom of the bottom for the singing pripudimiy riven. To the side of the side, above the high point of the takozh, it is possible to get acquainted negatively with popita, yak nalidok - the goods are not kupuvatimut. Otzhe, correct rozhrayunok tsіni on goods є duzhe vzaimolivim chinnik uspіshії діяльності фірми. Існує багато методів встановлення ціни. Розглянемо найпоширеніші з them.

The method of the average vitrate plus pributok. Vikoristovuyutsya vikonannі sverhavnyh zamovlen (Vijskovo-promyslovogo complex, kosmichnyh program, naukovo-doslnichnyh rozrobok, budivnitvvy, tricennny unikalnogo ustkatvannya tochno), if neobhіdnі vitrati perebachity duzhe is important. The price for the goods is determined by the formula

C = C + P (C + A), (5.1)

De C - actual vitrati vibrobitvitva; R - the average of the norm of the surplus on the rink, that is, the vintrat is installed in the viscous spivvodnoshenny to the sunny sumi; A - administrativnі vitrati y vitratі, по'яъні з релізацією the goods.

In various ways, the virologists, in order to set up a tin, zvazhayut it is very important on vitrati, and not on popit on the goods. In addition, ask for the process of identification. The method is zruchny, yakshcho do not bring koriguvati tsini. Prote with zashosuvannyy tsyogo method of competition in galuzi zvoditsya up to the minimum. Tse, at his chergo, ma yak positive, so i negativny sides.

The method of placing the price on the pidstavi analizu bezbbitkosty. Sutnist ts'ogo method polagae y viznachennі vzajmozv'yu mіzh postіyimi i zmіnnimi vitratami vibrobitvtva, and takozh with great nadokhozhenni.

It is permissible to become 10 yew for the post-industrial riches of vitrathi companies (Figure 5.1). Gr. Od. Наприкінці року обсяг реалізації товарів має досягти 5000 шт. Strait of rock, vitovi vitrati (Sv) postyno zbylshuyutsya izkladayutsya z vitrate postynykh (With post) and zmіnnih (S zm). The naprikintsi roku valovi vitrati became 10 • 5000 = 50 yew. Gr. Od. Oblag nalovih nadohodzhen (Vn) postійно збільшується і наприкінці року має становити 75 тис. Gr. Od. The point of infallibility (TB) is shown, the sale of 30 thousand tys. Gr. Od. To pay back its own vitrati. Zіlіlshennjamam the oath of sale вона починає отримувати прибуток. Tobto for otrymannya firmoyu pributku 25 yew. Gr. Od. Обсаг реалізації товарів має досягти 5000 шт.

Butt. Viznachimo critical cnu realizatsii zhinochih coats, yakshcho postinay vitrati become 10 yew. Gr. Od., Zmіnnі vitrati zbіlshuyutsya zalizhno vіd osyagіv vіgotovlenії produktsії i naprikintsі roku ставитимумуть 30 тис. Gr. Od. Analizuyuchi rink, marketers dyshly visnovku, scho naprikintsi rock otsyg popita for goods stanovitme 1000 pcs. Obshig pributku, potrybniy for rozvitku vibrobitvtva ta vyplati svyatkovykh premyі spivrobitnikam, maє stanoviti 20 tis. Gr. Od.

Zavdannya simple rozv'yati graphically. Buduemo grafіk беззбитковості для визначення ціни реалізації жіночих пальт (Picture 5.2). Critical і tsіna, below for yak realizovuvati product unimaginable. For

Графік для визнакчення межі беззбитковості

Of the same impulse to direct, yak vidpovidayo valevim vitratam, zauvazhimo, sho vony zakladayutsya із sumi postійних і змінних витрат, то наприкінці року становитимуть

10 yew. Gr. Od. + 30 yew. Gr. Od. = 40 yew. Gr. Od.,

Tobto ti virobnitva of one viroboo stanovitime

40 yew. Gr. Od. : 1000 pcs. = 40 g. Od.

Zvazhayuchi on those scho osiag popita naprikintsi roku (a part of the market doslovodzhuvanoi firmi) 1,000 nuts, the norm of the surplus is 20 thousand. Gr. Od., Viznachaemo, scho kintsevka point of the nalovogo nadohodzhen, tobto pributkova natsinka realizatsii of the coats, dorivniuvatime:

20 yew. Gr. Od. : 1000 pcs. = 20 gr. Od.

Прибуткова ціна реалізації продукції формається за рахунок різниці між обвагом валових надходжень і валовими витратами. Oblag nalovih nadohodzhen zrostaє zі zbіlshennyam obyagіv nadegzhny i ​​vitivimi vitratami. Oblag nalovih nadohodzhen zrostaste zі zbіlshennyam osyagіі realizatії produktsії. The point of the straightening of the straight lines of the roadway and the straight line of the vitrate is the boundary line of the realiza- tion of production, while the day is at the moment of the acquisition of the vibro-

Grafik bezbitkostysti for viznachennya tsini

(300 pcs.) І встанолюється крична ціна реалізації (ціна виробництва), що дорівнює 60 гр. Od. For a coat.

The method of maximizing occupancy. The meta-chogo method is to keep short-line maximal foreheads. Taku model vikoristovuyot Todi, if vidomi funktsii popitu that propose. Funktsiya poituu prognoznyy obyasob zbutu pevny perіod for rіznim tsinami. Prispodimo, scho for dopomoyuyu statistical doslіdzhennya попиту фірма отримує таку залежність:

De Q - the tax on goods for goods; Ц - ціна за одницю продукції.

Funktsiyat vitrat viznachaet sukupnі vitrati C on vyrobnitsvot be-yakoi kіlkosty goods (popita for goods) for the first promijzhok hour. At nayprostіshimu viglyadі function sukupnih vitrat budey takoyu:

It is permissible, in the vibroits of vibrobitvita products sukupnі vitrati firmi

Оскільки валові надходження

And a surplus

It is possible to signify the presence of a midge with a surplus and a price:

Otzhe, suupnii pributok mi viglyad kvadratichnoy funktsii (inverted parabola). At the induced application, the maximum pributok become 34 yew. Gr. Od. For the price of 150 gr. Od. For the same production (Figure 5.3).

Kriva maximizatsii pributku

The method of putting in place on the basis of trades. Sutnist chtsogo method of polygas in the same, scho zamovnik (kupects) ogoloshuy competition for viribnitsvto goods in the form of techno-ekonomichnymi pokaznikami. Otrimavshi і porіvnyavshi proposoziії, zamovnik pіdpisuє contract with a vibroblikom, який пропонує найвигідніші смови. Method zastosovuyte with sporudzhenny great ob'ektiv (pidpriemstv, shovishch, elektrostantsyі tochno).

The method of urohuvannya step by step in the process of the potency of the productiveness of an analogous product [3]. To appreciate the formula

De Цн, Цб - ціна устаткування відповідно new and basic; NN, Nb - exertion, productivity, deadliness of a new basic one.

Method viznachennya tsini for rivnem rivalsprosprozhodnosti. Price

Calculate for a formula

De І, І - groups of parametric displays (technical and economical groups of competitors); B - a part of the market of basic goods; F - a ratio of shares in units (a single display of sales of a virobu); Q - showcase, sho vіdobrazhaє spіvvіdishennya popita and propositіїї on the basic goods from uraуuvannâm prestigechnostі fіrmi.

Method viznachennya tsini for commercial reasons. The price of the commercial is calculated at the top of the formula

De Cuc - value of change in centners; Sb - the average bank's rate for credit operations; Аі - розмір г-го to payment; Тi - період між

Advance payments by the hour of the payment for the credit; I - Part of the advance payment of the credit for the credit.

Butt. The size of the zini in the spring is increased by the bicycle for the purpose, but the loan was taken by a loan of 200 yew. Gr. Od. For one rіk із sredіdnіm bankіvskim vіsotkom lending to the operation of 15%. Kill the loan - deposit koshtiv once a month before the 10th.

Having listed the value of the formula (5.10),

Tsk = 8.3 • 0.00001 • 15 • (200000: 12 • 1) = 20.75 grams. Od.

Відповідь: ціну реалізації bicycle neobhіdno zbіlshiti at 20,75 гр. Od. For credit to the loan.