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ZAGALNA Chastain: TEORІYA DERZHAVNOЇ Service

Rozdіl 1: Reigning SERVICES IN SUSPІLNO POLІTICHNІY-TA-SOTSІALNO EKONOMІCHNІY SYSTEMS

1.1. Polіtichna system Reigning upravlіnnya that regulyuvannya on transformatsіynomu etapі rozvitku powers

Bagato desyatilіt naykraschі umi lyudstva zaynyatі theoreticity that search Search Practicality will polіtichnoї this system if i Person of power will be the basis sotsіalnogo Zhittya scho vzaєmodopovnyuyutsya. These stink shaping can Why tіlki in addition razі, Yakscho їh zusillya will spryamovanі on vzaєmodіyu that vzaєmospriyannya. Tobto if sistemoutvoryuyuchim chinnikom - metoyu - polіtichnoї Sistemi suspіlstva bude realіzatsіya printsipіv Gromadyanska suspіlstva, and she polіtichna system buduvatimetsya on demokratichnoї principles pravovoї powers that realіzovuvatime їh.

Іdeya Gromadyanska suspіlstva, zokrema, polyagaє in vіdmovі powers od reglamentatsії that upravlіnnya (regulyuvannya) vsієї sukupnostі sotsіalnih zv'yazkіv, od totalnoї vіdpovіdalnostі for virіshennya whether yakoї sotsіalnoї problem. Power zobov'yazana spriyati stvorennyu set of legal normative that іnshih minds realіzatsіya yakih at zhittєvo znachuschі tsіnnostі - Helsinki Human Right samoї. By Tim person іz spozhivacha nadanih powers poslug peretvoryuєtsya Actively yelement suspіlnogo Zhittya, yaky viznachaє svoї zagalnolyudskі require spriyaє stvorennyu vіdpovіdnih minds їh dosyagnennya that realіzuє їh.

Іdeya Gromadyanska suspіlstva on Pershe Location sutnostі powers have put spіvvіdnoshennya zagalnolyudskogo that klasovogo.

Whether yak power of order іz virіshennyam viklyuchno klasovih zavdan vikonuє i funktsії zagalnolyudskogo priznachennya without yakih not Mauger іsnuvati zhodne suspіlstvo. Until such funktsіy nalezhit nasampered zabezpechennya suspіlnih need: organіzatsіya receptionists Health Protection, osvіti, sotsіalnogo zabezpechennya; Zahist navkolishnogo seredovischa; organіzatsіya robots zasobіv Transport i zv'yazku; Borotba s epіdemіyami, zlochinnіstyu; come in schodo zapobіgannya vіynі that zabezpechennya toscho world.

Poєdnuyuchi in sobі such rank, klasove i, i zagalnolyudske, Power vistupaє vodnochase i yak organіzatsіya polіtichnoї Vladi Su spіlstva, i yak yogo єdiny ofіtsіyny predstavnik. Zgіdno s CIM Won poklikat zabezpechiti vikonannya i zagalnih right, scho viplivayut іz nature whether yakogo suspіlstva, i spetsifіchnih klasovih zavdan.

Rozkrivayuchi spіvvіdnoshennya zagalnosotsіalnih i klasovih ambushes powers in Suchasnyj minds prіoritet nadaєtsya zagalnolyudskim tsіnnostyam. Such gumanіstichna tendentsіya Especially naochno proyavlyaєtsya in ostannі desyatilіttya rozvinutih powers in America i Єvropi.

Naybіlsh temple steps into usіy bagatovіkovіy іstorії rozvitku powers Je legal power * 6 mezhі Vladi yakoї and takozh formuvannya, povnovazhennya, funktsіonuvannya Suvorov zasnovanі on pravі, vische priznachennya yakogo - viznannya, dotrimannya i Zahist rights is the freedom of Helsinki Human i The Citizen. In takіy derzhavі іz rozvinenimi Gromadyanska іnstitutami system sovereign upravlіnnya, Reigning aparata i Derzhavna Service perebuvayut suspіlnim pid control, stink dosit prozorі that chutlivі to potreb gromadyan i suspіlstva. Tom synthesis suchasnoї Sistemi sovereign upravlіnnya that її warehouses - sovereign aparata that derzhavnoї service - Got vіdbuvatisya of order іz formuvannyam Gromadyanska suspіlstva.

* 6: {Country, scho yavlyaє him perevazhno zasіb sotsіalnogo kompromіsu, vіdpovіdaє rіvnyu rozvitku demokratії scho harakterizuєtsya іdeologіchnim plyuralіzmom, glasnіstyu, bagatopartіynіstyu, vіlnimi Vibor, podіlom Vladi, the rule of law, receptionists rights i freedoms osobistostі, nayavnіstyu visokoavtoritetnogo i Square Court toscho, - Je legal}.

Whether yak Power funktsіonuє in Pevnyi sotsіalnomu otochennі, deposits od Economy that culture suspіlstva, yogo structure psihologії that materіalnih i spirituality tsіnnostey gromadyan, їh mentalіtetu, іstorichnoї pam'yatі pokolіn toscho. In his Cherga, Power vplivaє bearing-down on them, Pevnyi rank pіdsilyuyuchi vagomіst Tsikh vazhelіv for rozvitku polіtichnoї system.

Іz zaprovadzhennyam ambushes Gromadyanska suspіlstva of order іz pogliblennyam rozumіnnya sutnostі, structures that mehanіzmu polіtichnoї Vladi nakopichuvalosya bagato vіdomostey about the phenomenon, scho toil vіdnoshennya to sovereign Zhittya, vplivayut i stale od Demba, Je ale not great-power legal. Їhnє colo Nadto wider: tse polіtichnі tsіnnostі that traditsії, polіtichnі partії that Ruhi, a way dosyagnennya polіtichnih tsіley, pravovі that polіtichnі orієntiri individuals, The Citizen is the population toscho. When tsomu for poznachennya vsogo complex danih fenomenіv ponyattya "polіtika" Je dosit neviznachenim.

A. Bodnar viznachaє ponyattya "polіtika" * 7 yak Mistetstvo upravlіnnya powers, tobto vіdpovіdny sposіb zdіysnennya methylene yak powers to її teritorії so i zzovnі; organіzatsії suspіlstva, yak pid is staying Pevnyi Vlad nasampered Reigning. Tobto polіtika pov'yazana s formuvannyam Vladi that її іnstitutіv, ale in її basis zakladayutsya іndivіdualnі, grupovі that suspіlnі Interests. Viraznikami Tsikh іnteresіv postayut polіtichnі partії, gromadskі ob'єdnannya, Ruhi toscho. Together іz great-power vladnimi іnstitutsіyami stink utvoryuyut polіtichnu suspіlstva system to viznachennya yakoї rozrіznyayut two pіdhodi: sotsіologіchny that Pravovyi * 8.

* 7: {Bodnar AD Fundamentals of Political Science (Science Policy). - K .: UkrNIINTI, 1991. - 144 p. }

* 8: {Bodnar AD there itself.}

For sotsіologіchnogo pіdhodu polіtichna system - dinamіchny mehanіzm scho peretvoryuє іmpulsi, SSMSC ydut od otochennye i od themselves polіtichnih structures have polіtichnі rіshennya scho formuyut polіtichnu povedіnku that INSHI gromadskі pozitsії * 9.

* 9: {Fundamentals of Political Science: Proc. allowance for higher. Proc. Head. - M .: Case LTD, 1995. - 436}.

Zgіdno s legal system pіdhodom polіtichna - tse sukupnіst Reigning i-sovereign sotsіalnih іnstitutіv, SSMSC zdіysnyuyut Vlad upravlyayutsya suspіlstvom, regulyuyut vіdnosini mіzh gromadyanami, sotsіalnimi that etnіchnimi GROUP, zabezpechuyut stabіlnіst suspіlstva i vіdpovіdny nomu order at * 10.

* 10: {Polіtichna suchasnoї system of Ukraine: Becoming osoblivostі, tendentsії rozvitku / FM .: the Editorial Rudic (head) is the іn. - K .: Parley. kind of, 1998. - 352 p. }

Especially values ​​for systemic rozumіnnya polіtichnogo Zhittya, formulyuvannya of ponyattya "polіtichna system" mali pratsі amerikanskogo polіtologa Devіda Іstona * 11. Vіn bachiv zmіst polіtichnoї system in urahuvannі vzaєmodії іz zovnіshnіm seredovischem, sutnіst system analіzu polіtichnogo Zhittya - at viznachennі sposobіv pіdtrimki rіvnovagi іz seredovischem and priznachennya polіtichnoї system - at nіvelyuvannі sotsіalnih rozbіzhnostey, pereboryuvannі polіtichnih konflіktіv i protirіch. Tacke tlumachennya priznachennya polіtichnoї Sistemi nablizhene to іdey polіtichnogo that sotsіalnogo partnership.

* 11: {Easton D. Systems Analysis of Political Life. - NY, 1957. - P. 18-19, 153.}

Kategorіya "polіtichna system" to make at polіtichny analіz principle bagatofaktornoї zalezhnostі, bagatokanalnogo vplivu, yaky svіdchit scho of order s ekonomіchnimi factors and Pevnyi minds i on protivagu їm, polіtichnі podії that іnstituti obumovlyuyutsya cultural seredovischem, traditsіyami, natural Especially, іstorichnim dosvіdom, structure of the spiritual tsіnnostey in suspіlstvі toscho.

Systemic pіdhіd to analіzu Reigning legal yavisch bazu- єtsya on viznannі bagatomanіtnostі funktsіy polіtichnoї system. In tsentrі uyavlennya about polіtichnu system - ponyattya tsіlі, tobto viznachennya tsіnnostey suspіlstva scho toil adequately poshiryuvatisya on tsіnnostі powers.

Stosovno sukupnoї suspіlnoї Sistemi polіtichna system Su spіlstva funktsіonuє in organіchnіy vzaєmodії, yak harakterizuєtsya vzaєmoproniknennyam, s іnshimi systems: ekonomіchnoyu, sotsіalnoyu, legal, spiritual toscho. On neї takozh vplivaє zovnіshnopolіtichne seredovische.

Polіtichna formuє system vіdpovіdnu sovereign upravlіnnya system. In Ukraїnі Formation novoї modelі sovereign upravlіnnya vіdbuvaєtsya s metoyu formuvannya demokratichnoї, sotsіalnoї, pravovoї powers.

Upravlіnnya cope suspіlstva, Zahist rights i freedoms Helsinki Human, viznachennya th realіzatsіya bases derzhavnoї polіtiki, Reigning programs in the areas of sovereign, ekonomіchnogo, ekologіchnogo, sotsіalno cultural, natsіonalnogo rozvitku; zabezpechennya zakonnostі regime; budget fіnansi, podatki; receptionists dovkіllya, Gromadska order that gromadskoї BEZPEKA, keruvannya Reigning vlasnіstyu, zovnіshnoekonomіchna dіyalnіst; koordinatsіya power receptionists Health Protection, osvіti, sotsіalnogo Zahist - all tse, in the main st perevazhno, Derzhavna dіyalnіst on osnovі zastosuvannya legal mehanіzmіv, SSMSC vstanovlyuyutsya authorities derzhavnoї Vladi Ukraine.

Upravlіnsky nature of the legal nature of i funktsіy powers polyagayut in fact scho Reigning sama upravlіnnya nabiraє such spetsifіchnih Find our * 12:

• * 12: {Starilov N. A service right. - M .: BECK, 1996. - 698 c}.
• Yogo at protsesі formuyutsya that realіzuyutsya zavdannya, funktsії, Interests powers that її sub'єktіv i konstitutsіynі gromadyanskі rights zabezpechuyutsya zakonnі Interests gromadyan;
• funktsії upravlіnnya vikonuyutsya spetsіalnimi sub'єktami, kotrі formuyutsya perevazhno powers;
• tsі sub'єkti dіyut for doruchennyam powers;
• stink nadіlenі neobhіdnimi povnovazhennyami great-power vladnogo nature;
• dіyut stench in the furrows kompetentsії, viznachenoї for them in vіdpovіdnih legal acts;
• bіlshіst varіantіv upravlіnskih zv'yazkіv oposeredkovuyutsya takozh іnshimi regulations.

Yak zaznachaє VB Aver'yanov * 13 in that vіtchiznyanіy zarubіzhnіy lіteraturі not sformuvalosya steel that zagalnoviznanogo viznachennya sovereign upravlіnnya. Taka herself vislovlyuєtsya Dumka G. Wright * 14.

* 13: {Reigning upravlіnnya: teorіya i practice / For zag. Ed. VB Aver'yanova - K .: INTER Yurіnkom, 1998. - 432 p}.

* 14: {Wright G. Reigning upravlіnnya / Trans. s English. B. Іvashka, O. Kovalenko, S. Sokolik. - K .: BASIS, 1994. - 191 p. }

Reigning Rozglyadayuchi upravlіnnya mostly yak rіznovid sotsіalnogo upravlіnnya, VV Tsvєtkov viznachaє takі nayharakternіshі Find our sovereign upravlіnnya * 15:

• * 15: {Reformuvannya sovereign upravlіnnya in Ukraїnі: the problem i Vista / Qty. aut .; Science. Coeur. VV Tsvєtkov. - By: Orіyani, 1998. - 364 p}.
• Reigning upravlіnnya - tse, peredusіm, sotsіalne, polіtichne yavische;
• Reigning upravlіnnya that derzhavnі bodies zdіysnyuyut scho yogo funktsії, Je warehouses єdinogo mehanіzmu derzhavnoї Vladi;
• Reigning upravlіnnya - tse processes realіzatsії derzhavnoї Vladi, її zovnіshnє, materіalіzovane virazhennya i pose them not іsnuє. Zmіst Vladi nayyaskravіshe viyavlyaєtsya in state-sponsored upravlіnnі.

GV Atamanchuk, rozglyadayuchi kategorіyu "upravlіnnya" in kontekstі sovereign upravlіnnya, vislovlyuє Dumka schodo dotsіlnostі viznachennya upravlіnnya through termіn "vpliv" yaky vkazuє on smut in upravlіnnі - "on time vplivu sposіb mislennya, povedіnku that dіyalnіst people" * 16.

* 16: {Atamanchuk GV theory of government: Lectures. - M .: jurid. lit., 1997. -. 400}.

Bіlsh productivity zaznachaє VB Aver'yanov, Je rozglyad upravlіnnya yak spetsifіchnogo mind suspіlnoї dіyalnostі, viznachennya yogo characteristic figure i acquaint themselves not obmezhuyuchis Yurydychna otsіnkoyu. Predstavniki zagalnosotsіologіchnih Naukova napryamіv viznachayut upravlіnnya yak systematically zdіysnyuvany tsіle- spryamovany vpliv people on suspіlnu system tsіlomu abo on її okremі Lanka on pіdstavі pіznannya th vikoristannya vlastivih sistemі ob'єktivnih zakonomіrnostey i tendentsіy in іnteresah zabezpechennya її optimal funktsіonuvannya that rozvitku, dosyagnennya postavlenoї methylation.

Tsієyu defіnіtsієyu s glancing system pіdhodu viznachaєtsya smut priznachennya sovereign upravlіnnya - zabezpechennya funktsіonuvannya i rozvitku suspіlstva s metoyu dosyagnennya pevnoї methylation.

Find our Poperedno navedenі that osoblivostі harakterizuyut protsedurnі aspects sovereign upravlіnnya. Tim himself stvoryu- єtsya situatsіya, if Reigning upravlіnnya oposeredkovano vіd- okremlyuєtsya od ob'єkta upravlіnnya. For sovereign upravlіnnya ob'єktom upravlіnnya suspіlstvo Yea, rather than the form derzhavnoї dіyalnostі, spryamovana on zdіysnennya zavdan that funktsіy powers, scho polyagaє in vikonavchіy that rozporyadchіy robotі organіv upravlіnnya * 17.

* 17: {Politological Dictionary:. At 2 pm - M .: Ray, 1994 - Part 1. - P. 208.}

Zaznachiti Treba, scho Reigning upravlіnnya pov'yazane s realіzatsієyu tsіley i funktsіy powers. Sort order іz CIM vrahovuyuchi polіtichnu that Yurydychna upravlіnnya sovereign nature, not vono Je sutsіlno pіdporyadkovanim processes vikonannya funktsіy powers * 18.

* 18: {Reigning upravlіnnya: teorіya i practice / For zag. Ed. VB Aver'yanova. - K .: INTER Yurіnkom, 1998. - 432 p}.

Reigning upravlіnnya Got teleologіchnu nature s Reason realіzatsії on praktitsі protsesіv tsіleviznachennya, tsіlepokladannya that tsіledosyagnennya. Yakscho tsіleviznachennya processes in main zdіysnyuєtsya polіtichnoyu system, the processes that tsіlepokladannya tsіledosyagnennya - vіdpovіdno zakonodavchoyu that vikonavchoyu gіlkami Vladi. Tsіlі powers pіdporyadkovuyut sobі funktsії powers. Tim himself funktsії sovereign upravlіnnya toil teleologіchny character i pov'yazanі іz zabezpechennyam that stvorennyam maybutnogo for people i powers.

Tsіlі that funktsії yak powers, so i sovereign upravlіnnya vivodyatsya s її konstitutsії. Tse spіvvіdnositsya s pіdhodami zahіdnih scientists admіnіstrativіstіv scho "upravlіnnya not Mauger Buti viznachene bunt rank funktsіonalno" * 19. In tsіy samіy pratsі J. Wedel ukazuє on pervinnіst konstitutsії powers have viznachennі tsіley that funktsіy powers.

* 19: {J. Wedel Administrative law in France: Per. with fr. - M .: Progress, 1973. - 512 c}.

Tim himself Reigning upravlіnnya Got polіtichny (abo teleologіchny) that admіnіstrativny aspects. Purshia s polyagaє them in tsіlepokladannі, the other - at tsіlezdіysnennі. Umovno mozhna govorito about polіtichne Reigning upravlіnnya that admіnіstrativne Reigning upravlіnnya.

Vrahovuyuchi scho Reigning upravlіnnya factuality oznachaє upravlіnnya cope suspіlstva s metoyu dosyagnennya Yurydychna viznanih tsіley and takozh pіdsumovuyuchi navedenі that osoblivostі Find our sovereign upravlіnnya can zaproponuvati takі yogo Find our (Fig. 1.1).

Fig. 1.1. Golovnі Find our sovereign upravlіnnya

Find our Navedenі dozvolyayut zaproponuvati TAKE viznachennya category of "Reigning upravlіnnya".

Reigning upravlіnnya - tse tsіlespryamovany organіzatsіyny that regulyuyuchy vpliv powers to the camp i rozvitok suspіlnih protsesіv, svіdomіst, povedіnku that dіyalnіst individual i The Citizen s metoyu dosyagnennya tsіley that realіzatsії funktsіy powers, vіdobrazhenih in konstitutsії that zakonodavchih acts Shlyakhov zaprovadzhennya derzhavnoї polіtiki, viroblenoї polіtichnoyu system that zakonodavcho zakrіplenoї through dіyalnіst organіv derzhavnoї Vladi, nadіlenih neobhіdnoyu kompetentsієyu.

Reigning upravlіnnya mіstit ob'єktivnі that sub'єktivnі peredumovi zdіysnennya Svoge. Derzhavna service yak Yea Pevnyi zasobom zdіysnennya sovereign upravlіnnya, yak takozh mіstit ob'єktivnі (neobhіdnіst vikonannya that / abo zabezpechennya vikonannya funktsіy powers that її organіv), so i sub'єktivnі (nayavnіst zdіbnostey, pridatnіst up service, profesіyna Osvita toscho) peredumovi Svoge formuvannya. Vіdpovіdalnіst for zmіst upravlіnnya toil bear Ti, hto Je sub'єktom upravlіnnya. Sub'єktivne for zmіstom Reigning upravlіnnya ob'єktivno determіnovane timey minds th factors in furrows yakih vono funktsіonuє.

Je Vazhlivim takozh those scho Reigning upravlіnnya іsnuє for dwellers pіznavati gromadskі that require Interests, otsіnyuvati that strukturuvati їh, staviti tsіlі, rozroblyati rіshennya th dіyati s metoyu їh practical virіshennya. Тому соціальний механізм формування та реалізації державного управління можна зобразити єдиним ланцюгом взаємопов'язаних суспільних явищ, опосередкованим державою як суб'єктом управління:

потреби — інтереси — цілі — рішення — дії — результати.

Сформовані політичною системою цілі держави реалізуються механізмом держави.