home Other disciplines Logіstika - Kalchenko AG

Logіstika - Kalchenko AG

5.2. ORGANІZATSІYA FUNKTSІONUVANNYA ZAGOTІVELNOЇ LOGІSTIKI

Organіzovuyuchi processes zakupіvel, vikoristovuyut planuvannya pridbannya sirovini that materіalіv and takozh poslug for zadovolennya potreb fіrmi. When planuvannі vrahovuєtsya number faktorіv and the Same: rates іnflyatsії i mozhlivіst devalvatsії currency row kraїn scho generally produces up zrostannya tsіn, zrostannya kontsentratsії kapіtalіv postachan on market analysis, tehnologіchny rozvitok virobnitstva, appearing novih materіalіv toscho. Planuvannya zv'yazkіv s supply Rink Got TAKE sama vazhlive values ​​for uspіshnogo funktsіonuvannya, scho i planuvannya zbutu market analysis. W tsієyu metoyu rozroblyayut plan chi strategіyu zakupіvel. For tsogo analіzuyut vazhlivіst peredbachuvanoї zakupіvlі (s point Zora її potentsіynogo vplivu the performance produktsії scho viroblyaєtsya, skorochennya virobnichih vitrat, pributku) th Especially supply market analysis.

On osnovі analіzu stvoryuєtsya nabіr varіantіv povedіnki fіrmi stosovno postachalnikіv rinkovih in specific areas.

Zagotіvelna logіstika being Perche logіstichnoyu pіdsistemoyu, zdіysnyuє ruh sirovini, materіalіv, komplektuyuchih i spare Chastain s market analysis zakupіvel to skladіv pіdpriєmstva. For її efektivnosti funktsіonuvannya neobhіdno sklasti zakupіvel plan zabezpechuvav yaky bi uzgodzhenіst Act reasonably usіh vіddіlіv i vіdpovіdalnih osіb pіdpriєmstva in virіshennі such zavdan:

• viznachennya require rozrahunok kіlkostі materіalіv scho zamovlyayutsya;
• uzgodzhennya tsіni i pіdpisannya contract;
• viznachennya method zakupіvel;
• vstanovlennya lucid for kіlkіstyu, yakіstyu that termіnami supplies;
• organіzatsіya rozmіschennya tovarіv on skladі.

Yakіsne planuvannya that іnformatsіyne obslugovuvannya zagotіvelnoї logіstiki virіshuє takozh zavdannya urіvnovazhennya protirіchchya mіzh neobhіdnіstyu bezperervnogo zabezpechennya virobnitstva i mіnіmіzatsієyu skladskih zapasіv.

In protsesі planuvannya zakupіvel neobhіdno viznachiti:

1) materіali scho potrіbnі;

2) Quantity materіalіv scho bude potrіbna virobnitstva for the product;

3) hours, if required in the vinikne produktі;

4) mozhlivostі postachalnikіv scho proponuyut produktsіyu to the sale;

5) ploschі skladskih primіschen;

6) vitrati on zakupіvlі;

7) mozhlivostі organіzatsії virobnitstva deyakih details on svoєmu pіdpriєmstvі.

Іsnuє bagato techniques viznachennya kіlkostі materіalіv scho neobhіdna for virobnitstva produktsії, that perіodichnostі її obsession od postachalnikіv. Usі techniques vimagayut information The ones yak vikoristovuvalisya analogіchnі materіali to have passed.

Require in materіalah mozhna rozrahuvati, rozglyadayuchi Pevnyi programa virobnitstva kіntsevogo product tobto, vihodyachi іz popitu fallow. Vihіdnoyu point at tsomu Je peredbachuvany chi vіdomy popit on kіntsevu produktsіyu. Slіd takozh nobility hour supply materіalіv that hour virobnitstva їh on Vlasnyi pіdpriєmstvі. Vihodyachi s supplies hour kіntsevogo product spozhivachevі, viznachayut needful in materіalah warehouses that viroblyuvanih samostіyno. On osnovі danih rozrahunku viznachayut vikonannya hours of order. Tse hour h podachі time of order to time product deliveries.

Perevaga method planuvannya required in materіalah polyagaє in fact scho zakupіvlі i virobnitstvo planuyutsya, vihodyachi s require of kіntsevomu produktі. Yakscho popit spozhivacha kolivaєtsya, slіd koristuvatisya method zgladzhuvannya such Oscillations. Zastosuvannya dotsіlne this method in razі regularly povtoryuvan (napriklad, season) Oscillations popitu on kіntsevy product. Zgladzhuvannya dosyagaєtsya porіvnyannyam factuality spozhivannya in poperednomu perіodі that predictive values, rozrahovanimi for tsogo Well perіodu.

In logіstitsі vikoristovuyutsya th INSHI methodological viznachennya required in materіalah (determіnovany, Scholastic, evrіstichny).

Determіnovany sposіb vikoristovuєtsya todі, if vіdomy Pevnyi perіod vikonannya of order that would require in materіalah for kіlkіstyu that termіnom. Scholastic peredbachaє vikoristannya yak rozrahunku Basics of Mathematics and statistichnі method scho viznachayut ochіkuvanu needful. Zavdyaki third method would require viznachaєtsya on osnovі dosvіdu robіtnikіv.

Vibіr method deposits od profіlyu fіrmi, mozhlivostey zamovnika, type virobu, nayavnostі that mean skladіv, Control systems for pitched zapasіv. In Tsei processes takozh vplivaє skladnіst kіntsevogo product warehouse komplektuyuchih that materіalіv.

Іsnuyut optovі that regulyarnі zakupіvlі drіbnimi partіyami, zakupіvlі for neobhіdnostі that INSHI kombіnatsії pererahovanih metodіv.

Naybіlsh often vikoristovuєtsya zakupіvlya tovarnoї partії, tobto great partієyu supply at a time (optovі zakupіvlі). They are characterized by simplicity of dokumentіv, garantіya delivery vsієyu partієyu, znachnі torgovelnі znizhki. However, the stench vimagayut nayavnostі great skladskih primіschen that upovіlnyuyut obіg kapіtalu.

Over the minds regularly zakupіvel drіbnimi partіyami Username Lost Password zamovlyayut neobhіdnu Quantity tovarіv scho postachayutsya okremimi partіyami uprodovzh Pevnyi perіodu. Takі Vidi zakupіvel priskoryuyut oborotnіst kapіtalu, zabezpechuyut ekonomіyu skladskih primіschen, skorochuyutsya vitrati dokumentuvannya on delivery. Nedolіkom Je ymovіrnіst appeared nadlishkovoї kіlkostі and takozh neobhіdnіst Splat vsієї kіlkostі scho viznachena in zamovlennі.

Cheap Zakupіvlі that Shvydko vikoristovuvanih tovarіv mozhut zdіysnyuvatis schodobovo chi schomіsyachno scho priskoryuє oborotnіst kapіtalu, znizhennya vitrat on skladuvannya that zberіgannya, svoєchasnіst supply.

Goods for oderzhuєtsya neobhіdnostі, if product Quantity scho postavlyaєtsya not vstanovlyuєtsya and viznachaєtsya priblizno scho viklikaє neobhіdnіst for postachalnikіv postіyno zv'yazuvatis s pokuptsyami. In tsomu razі oplachuєtsya tіlki factuality Quantity delivered product. Pіslya zakіnchennya line contract zamovnik not zobov'yazany priymati that splachuvati goods, scho slit tіlki postavlenі Buti Somalia. For this method zakupіvel tverdі zobov'yazannya schodo kupіvlі pevnoї kіlkostі product vіdsutnі, mіnіmіzuєtsya takozh s robot decorated dokumentіv.

When planuvannі zakupіvel pіslya viznachennya require that rozrahunku kіlkostі often vinikaє neobhіdnіst priynyati rіshennya about those zdіysnyuvati zakupіvlyu quiet chi іnshih materіalіv, komplektuyuchih, details of Chi viroblyati svoїmi forces. For tsogo natural neobhіdnim Je zіstavlennya vitrat on zakupіvlyu that Vlasnyi virobnitstvo.

In tsіlomu vitrati on zakupіvlyu viznachayutsya tsіnoyu postachalnika. Neobhіdno takozh vrahovuvati vitrati on of order, transportuvannya, pakuvannya, skladuvannya, obrobku staff toscho. Vitrati on virobnitstvo skladayutsya s vartostі sirovini, energії, robochoї Sealy, zberіgannya that vitrat overhead.

Rіshennya priymaєtsya through porіvnyannya vitrat on Vlasnyi virobnitstvo skin materіalu (detalі, virobu) s vitratami on zakupіvlyu.