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The organization of production - Kurochkin AS

3.2. Organization of the production of energy services

The composition, significance and tasks of energy management

The operation of the modern industrial enterprise is not possible without the use of processes in various types of energy. Energy management (hereinafter - the electric industry) meets industrial and domestic needs of the enterprise in all kinds of energy (electricity, heat energy, fuels, steam, hot water) and for energy (steam, compressed air, hot water), installation, operation and repair of power equipment in manufacturing plants and establishments of the undertaking.

The most advanced and cost-effective power supply system is centralized, when the company receives the energy from the outside. Its effectiveness is ensured reliable and uninterrupted power supplies, as well as lower costs of production and capital costs associated with obtaining the necessary enterprise energy. The enterprises are widely used as so-called secondary energy - heat heating furnace exhaust gases, the exhaust steam from the forging and stamping equipment, and others.

The composition and structure of the energy economies depend on the size of the main production, its energy intensity and relations of the enterprise with external power systems. It consists of:

• ELECTRIC POWER farming (factory heat and power plant (CHP), lowering and raising the substation, power and welding transformers, substation battery);

• heat-power industry (boilers, boiler);

• Water supply and sewerage (pumping stations);

• gas supply (gas generators, compressors, oxygen and acetylene stations, industrial ventilation, refrigeration units, air conditioners);

• industrial furnaces and installations of all kinds;

• low voltage management (automatic telephone station switchboard installation; Broadcasting Network with appropriate equipment, charging stations);

• steam, water, air guide and the gas network; electrical and low-voltage networks and lines shall communicate all kinds of energy to the place of consumption;

• shop and factory energy consumers;

• site instrumentation (instrumentation) and Automation;

• Electrical Repair Shop and land in the main shops;

• warehousing (storage in shops, storage for fuel oil with mazutoperekachivayuschimi units, racks for solid fuel, etc.).

Basic energy management tasks defined specificity power supply, uninterrupted process, limited energy storage capacity, while its production and consumption and are as follows:

• obtain from external suppliers of basic kinds of general industrial use of energy;

• organization of in-house production of the types of energy which transmission over long distances is inefficient or inadequate to meet the needs of the enterprise;

• transformation of energy and its preparation for use (change of voltage, pressure, saturation);

• timely and correct distribution of energy between units and serve it to the workplace;

• organization of consumption, efficient use and saving of energy and fuel;

• monitor the strict implementation of the rules of operation of power equipment;

• organization and carrying out of preventive maintenance;

• ensuring reliable communications between departments;

• Organization of the fuel and energy storage.

Organization and management of enterprise energy management

The production process in energy management is of the stages of production, transmission, distribution and consumption. Consuming, transforming and generating units connected to the networks of power supply systems of industrial unit (district, enterprise location), as well as with each other networks and distribution systems and form a system of power supply company. In turn, all the elements of the system during its operation energy flow associated unity.

The composition and nature of the partial manufacturing processes in the energy management of the enterprise is determined by its production structure (Fig. 16).

The production structure of the energy economies of large industrial enterprises

Fig. 16. The production structure of the energy economies of large industrial enterprises

The production structure reflects the organizational and technological features of energy management as a control object. It shows the nature of the process connections, tools and objects of labor in the production, transmission, distribution and consumption of different types of energy, as well as for repair and installation work.

Organizationally, the production structure of energy facilities is a mutual arrangement of shops and sites in the structure of the enterprise, and in the process it is characterized by the composition and the specific equipment and network layout order to ensure the production process, transmission and consumption of energy, repair and installation work, as well as ongoing maintenance.

In terms of production of industrial enterprises electric industry can be divided as follows:

• general plant electric industry - generating and transforming installation works general grid, pick-ups and distribution networks of buildings and premises offsite destination (administrative and household plant, warehouses and others.);

• guild economy - pick-ups of industrial shops, craft converting plant intrashop distribution networks, heating and ventilation equipment.

Offsite electric industry operated specifically arranged for this power building, which by the nature of work are divided into three main groups:

• Maintenance workshops - maintenance of energy consuming equipment, networks, generating plants;

• repair shops - repair and installation of specialized energy equipment;

• miscellaneous shops - operational maintenance, repair and installation of power equipment.

In enterprises, power supply which is carried out on a centralized scheme (electric and thermal energy - by the regional power grid or from CHP related businesses, and fuel - from the respective organizations teplovodosnabzhayuschih), electric industry enterprise only includes pick-ups, distribution networks and transforming installation and can be combined in two workshops:

• Electric - maintenance and repair of electrical equipment and electrical networks;

• thermal power - maintenance and repair of heat and power equipment, compressor and pumping systems, sewage, steam, district heating, water and air networks.

The production structure of the enterprise energy management, a large number of various types of equipment and complex power plants require a unified management of energy facilities. The company carries out its chief power (in small, it is part of the OGM) (Fig. 17). Chief Power directly supervise the Engineering Department (OGE), which consists of the functional bureaus, groups and laboratories, and power building; provides technical services and guidance workshop power engineering, supervision over the operation of power equipment, power plants and the use of energy resources in the enterprise.

The organizational structure of management of energy facilities large industrial enterprise

Fig. 17. The organizational structure of management of energy facilities large industrial enterprise

Chief Power Engineer Department is working closely with other agencies and departments of the enterprise - ACS, OGM, DITC, etc. These services coordinate with OGE questions and documents relating to the competence of the main power, the activities of subordinate units or relating to energy management and its staff.:

• manufacture of all kinds of digging on the premises;

• the acquisition, re-installation and replacement of power equipment;

• projects for the construction of new facilities and renovation of existing plants;

• schedule of repairs of technological equipment and others.



 
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