Organization of production - Kurochkin A.S.

6. ORGANIZATION OF RHYTHMIC AND NON-DEFECTIVE WORK OF PRODUCTION

6.1. Rhythmicity of production: the essence and indicators of determination

In conditions of transition to market relations that require flexible response to changes in consumer demand for a particular type of product, the role of operational and production planning and management is increasing. Its task is to ensure a clear and uninterrupted operation of all production units and the enterprise as a whole with the most efficient use of production resources. This task is realized only in conditions of rhythmic work of production.

The rhythm of production is the level of uniformity in the output of products (units, aggregates, semi-finished parts) by production units and the enterprise as a whole during the year, month, day, and shift. The rhythmic output of products ensures a more complete use of labor resources, production assets, serves as a basis for producing high-quality products and timely fulfillment of obligations by enterprises to consumers. The uniform release of products should be understood as a systematic repetition of output in equal parts in accordance with the established schedule (schedule) of work.

The rhythmic work of all structural divisions of the enterprise, as a rule, ensures an even output. However, in practice, deviations from this rule are often observed. So, if the enterprise has a large backlog of work in progress, then it is possible to ensure an even output even when the production units will work clearly on the schedules, and the products are not produced in an orderly fashion (for example, when the component parts and components are supplied to the enterprise from suppliers not on schedule) . Consequently, it is necessary to consider rhythmic production where, at equal intervals of time, the same amount of work is performed and the same quantity of products is produced.

Rhythmic work is one of the most important conditions for the rational use of living labor and productive resources. The significance of this factor is especially growing at the present stage of economic development. The more complex the technique is in the enterprise, the more important the problem of ensuring the rhythm of production. This is due to the fact that the slightest disruptions in the operation of high-performance equipment lead to large losses. In addition, a disruption in the rhythm of production leads to the disruption of supplies under contracts. Unsteady work also disrupts production, leads to overtime, over-expenditure of wages, a reduction in the level of labor discipline and deterioration in the quality of products.

The main reasons for the unstable work are the following:

• discrepancy between the capacity of equipment in the sections and workshops, the appearance of "narrow" places;

• Unplanned downtime of equipment;

• shortcomings in the organization of production, labor, planning;

interruptions in material and technical supply;

• Low level of labor and production discipline.

In the practice of industrial enterprises, an evaluation indicator is widely used to estimate the level of rhythmic production: the rhythm of output (Kr):

Where Af з - actual volume of output for the analyzed period within the planned target (credits); Ап - planned task for the analyzed period.

Let us consider a concrete example of an estimate of the rhythm of production (Table 21). For example, output at the enterprise is characterized by planned, actual and credit data.

Analysis of the data of Table. 21 shows that although the monthly production plan was 100% complete, the production units worked poorly: 66% of the plan was completed in the last decade, therefore, there was a storming, which inevitably contributed to the increase in the marriage in work.

Table 21

EXAMPLE OF ASSESSMENT OF PRODUCTION RHYTHMICITY

Index

Decade

Total for the month

1st

2nd

3rd

Planned output, pcs.

15

15

15

45

Actual volume of output, pcs.

5

10

thirty

45

Volume of credits, pcs.

5

10

15

thirty

The high rhythmicity of production is provided by such basic factors:

• high technological discipline;

• rational organization of job security;

• reliable operation of equipment;

• an effective system of operational and production planning and management.

The coefficient of rhythmicity