The organization of production - Kurochkin AS

6.5. Product certification - a guarantee of its quality

The essence and principles of certification

The condition for the success of products in both the domestic and the global market is their compliance with the rules, regulations and laws in force in a given country.

To verify the actual compliance of delivered product quality, various organizational and technical procedures, forms and methods, including the control, diagnostics, testing, analysis of the causes of marriage failure, claims and other inconsistencies. As a rule, all of these procedures are performed by the manufacturer or his request - a third-party organization. Therefore, the consumer may be doubts about the objectivity of the results submitted to it.

Another type of control procedures, provides information about the quality, is the state supervision by the State Standard of Ukraine, gossanepidemnadzora Ukraine and other public services.

But in the competition to win the corresponding market segment can only imagine the potential consumers accurate information about the quality of the goods. Based on the need for objective and reliable consumer information have become widely used as a third type of control - certification.

Certification of products - an activity to validate product compliance with established regulations and specific standards or other normative documents on standardization. Certification is always carried out by an independent organization.

In other words, in the certification of the goods and services markets is seen as a means of providing guarantees to the consumer that the acquired product or service meets the national legal and technical documents, or international requirements.

In almost all Western European countries, the USA and Japan, compulsory certification is used most widely, and it is connected, as a rule, safety, health and the environment. In many countries, certification is based on a security law, certification of products, potentially dangerous to humans and the environment.

On commodity markets and services in the protection of national interests of producers and accelerate the development of the certification of production value is huge. This is evident as follows:

• For the consumer it is a guarantee of high quality, and for the manufacturer one of the most effective means of advertising that distinguish it among the similar products of competing products;

• Certification is an effective means to protect national markets against imports, since it increases the competitiveness of domestic products;

• Certification creates the conditions for the participation of producers (sellers) in the international trade.

Product certification is based on the following principles:

• ensure that the public interest in the evaluation of product safety and reliability of the information on its quality;

• objectivity, ie, independent of the manufacturer and the consumer..;

• reliability, ie the use of a professional testing facilities..;

• non-discrimination in the certification of products of domestic and foreign manufacturers;

• the right to choose the manufacturer of the certification body and testing laboratory;

• establish the liability of participants of certification;

• legal and technical support, as well as the versatility of use of results of certification (certificates and marks of conformity) - manufacturer, trade, consumers, supervisory authorities, customs, insurance companies, stock exchanges, auctions, arbitration court;

• openness of information about the positive results of the certification or termination of validity of the certificate;

• diversity of forms and methods for certification of products, taking into account its specificity, the nature of production and consumption.

certification Organization

Depending on the range of certification of the participants can be international, national, regional, multilateral and bilateral.

According to the legal basis of certification may be mandatory or voluntary.

Mandatory certification - business entities for conformity of production index, which ensures the safety of life, health and property of citizens, as well as environmental protection and other parameters established by law. Obligatory certification shall be food, electrical equipment, automobiles, construction materials, aircraft of all types and others. The products subject to mandatory certification and past its sell prohibited.

Voluntary certification - the activities of relevant agencies and entities on the conformity of production parameters on which the legislation of mandatory certification is not provided. This certification mainly involves technical and operational characteristics of the product, determining the reliability and durability of products, ergonomic, aesthetic, economic and other factors that distinguish one product from another.

The main differences between mandatory and voluntary certifi-tions are shown in Fig. 43.

According to the procedure of certification of products distinguish self-certification and certification by a third party.

Self-certification, or according to the terminology of the International Organization (ISO) "statement of compliance with product supplier" is that to ensure compliance measures

The main differences of mandatory and voluntary certification

Fig. 43. The main differences of mandatory and voluntary certification

products with the requirements made by the manufacturer or by different unions (associations) manufacturers without the third-party organizations. Self-certification is allowed for a reliable partner. It is widely used in the US, Canada, Japan, Germany, the Netherlands and some other countries.

Third party certification (the so-called intermediary certification) provides for the participation of outside organizations that evaluate and validate existing activities in accordance with the rules, organize and carry out testing of samples of the state supervision of the process. Third party certification is carried out in the certification centers in the framework of one country and in foreign, with a high international reputation.

Typically, an organization certification involves two steps:

• providing and implementing the conditions for the creation and production of products subject to certification;

• organization and conduct product certification as a confirmation of its compliance with the requirements of normative-technical documentation (GOST, DSTU, TU).

For products that have undergone certification issued certificate of conformity; Products marked with a conformity mark and is entered in the certification center in the list of permitted for sale; the company issued a certificate of recognition certificate.

Legal basis for certification of products, services and other facilities in Ukraine are regulated by the Decree of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine "On standardization and certification", adopted May 10, 1993 This decree meets the international standards in this area. Organization and control of certification works in Ukraine carries out the State Standard of Ukraine.

According to this Decree:

• certificate of conformity - a document issued under the rules of a certification system and confirming the compliance of the certified products normoaktov requirements and specific standards or other normative documents on standardization (see form 2).

• Mark of conformity - it is a duly registered mark, which the rules of certification confirms compliance with the label to them products with the requirements of regulations and specific standards or other normative documents on standardization (in the upper left corner of the "sertifіkata vіdpovіdnostі" presented by Ukrainian mark of conformity, see the form. 2).

The certification procedure involves several steps performed sequentially. First, the company shall submit to the organization of the certification for the certification of products. After a preliminary determination of conformity of production of regulatory and technical documentation for the decision to approve the application. Later accepted a joint document that defines the rights and obligations of the parties, and an additional annex, which defines the technical means of verification used in the test and control product quality.

The certification process relevant functions are implemented:

• Technical, t. E. The direct determination of the conformity with the help of analysis, control measurements (geometry, weight, etc.), Testing, and so on. Etc .;

• controls, t. F. Constant supervision of the conformity of products with the applicable standards.

Form 2

Before uwagi postachalnikіv, pokuptsіv that kontrolyuyuchih organіv! Kopіya sertifіkatu not dіysna without origіnalu pіdpisu i seals body scho yogo species, abo Center standartizatsії, metrologії that sertifіkatsії Derzhstandartu Ukraine (CSMC)

Reigning KOMІTET UKRAINY software STANDARTIZATSІЇ, METROLOGІЇ TA SERTIFІKATSІЇ (DERZHSTANDART UKRAINY)

Zvorotny bіk Form 2

1. Vidanov on pіdstavі:

- Viprobuvan scho provedenі viprobuvalnoyu (them) laboratorієyu (s)

Hosting Project akreditovanoї viprobuvalnoї laboratorії (AVL), addresses

Number viprobuvan protocol, date yogo zatverdzhennya

Reєstratsіyny room at AVL Reєstrі UkrSEPRO

- Obstezhennya virobnitstva__

Obstezhennya act number, date reєstratsії

- Atestatsії virobnitstva__

Number atestata, reєstratsії date termіn dії

- Sertifіkatsії Sistemi yakostі__

Number sertifіkata, reєstratsії date termіn dії

2. Markuvannya produktsії zdіysnyuєtsya sign vіdpovіdnostі zgіdno s DSTU 229693, scho applied on the skin to virіb vіdpovіdno vimog _

poznachennya regulatory

document produktsіyu

Mіstseznahodzhennya vіdpovіdnostі__ sign

Opis Georeferencing znahodzhennya sign on produktsіyu

3. Virobnik (postachalnik) responsible zabezpechuvati vіdpovіdnіst produktsії vimogam normative dokumentіv induced in tsomu sertifіkatі. Over the minds torn down vimog sertifіkat Mauger Buti anulovany rіshennyam s body sertifіkatsії abo Derzhstandartu Ukraine.

Signet

Control questions and tasks

1. What does the term "smooth process of production"? Causes of spasmodic work.

2. The essence and main tasks of operational and production planning.

3. The essence of planning and accounting units and calendar-planning regulations.

4. The general procedure for the development of operational plans (in particular enterprise). Its advantages and disadvantages.

5. Place and importance of technical control department in the quality management system in the enterprise. What does it function?

6. Types and technical control facilities.

7. The nature and objectives of the metrological quality assurance.

8. The essence and principles of certification of products.

9. The main differences of mandatory and voluntary certification.