Fіlosofіya: mislitelі, іdeї, kontseptsії - Kremen VG

1.3. VZAЄMOVІDNOSHENNYA FІLOSOFІЇ the I SCIENCE

Uspadkuvavshi od mіfologії i relіgії їh svіtoglyadny character svіtoglyadnі schemes and takozh obsyag all positive knowledge, fіlosofіya time іz note virіshuє svoї problemi іnshim pid Kut Zora and the Same s pozitsіy ratsіonalnoї otsіnki (s pozitsіy Rozum). Yak was theoretically preformed svіtoglyad system zagalnih poglyadіv on svit in tsіlomu scho peredbachaє іsnuvannya rіznomanіtnih samoviznachennya Helsinki Human forms, forms of knowledge fіlosofіya Yea i Got vporyadkovany character. Tsei time suttєvo zblizhuє fіlosofіyu i science. Іsnuyut prinaymnі three aspects about the power schodo іnterpretatsії spіvvіdnoshennya fіlosofії i science.

Purshia aspect. He can be zaperechuvati Naukova character fіlosofії vzagalі yak one іz grandіoznih proyavіv lyudskogo Znannya i culture. Yakscho rozglyadati fіlosofіyu not tіlki stosovno specific kontseptsіy and th s pozitsіy іstorії, you can viyaviti spadkoєmnіst rozvitku fіlosofskogo knowledge yogo perspective, spіlnіst kategorіalnogo aparata i logіki doslіdzhennya. Sche Arіstotel vidіliv zi Svoge vchennya logіku - the science about the correct mislennya; psihologіyu - science about the soul; etiku - science about moral vdoskonalennya; metafіziku - Vlasnyi fіlosofіyu. Vіn vvazhav metafіziku "vsіh queen of sciences", scho Bulo zumovleno vischim rіvnem її rozvitku (on the hour) porіvnyano s іnshimi sciences. Hegel rozglyadav fіlosofіyu nasampered іz point Zora "logіki science."

Visnovki, oderzhanі in fіlosofії not tіlki employees zasobom otrimannya Naukova knowledge, ale th samі incoming zmіst in science. Not vipadkovo bagato vіdomih vchenih at the Branch specifically Sciences Je vidatnimi predstavnikami fіlosofskoї pillows. Dosit nazvati іmena Pіfagora, Arіstotelya, Bruno, Copernicus, Descartes, Pascal, Leybnіtsa, Freud, Russell, Einstein's, Vernadskogo i bagatoh іnshih. Fіlosofіya Got his spetsifіchnu movu i svіy kategorіalny aparata. Vaughn zdіysnyuє Naukova Poshuk i vzhe zavdyaki tsomu Got Naukova character.

Other aspects - VZAYEMODIYA fіlosofії i concrete science. Suchasna fіlosofіya vzhe not Mauger pretenduvati to be the "science of sciences", OAO All mіstiti knowledge. Іz XVI century. Science Pocha vidіlyatisya in samostіyny sotsіalny іnstitut. Vіdbuvaєtsya diferentsіyuvannya concrete science, SSMSC osvoyuyut okremі aspects rozvitku Nature i suspіlstva, spirayuchis on empіrichnі methodological doslіdzhennya. Well Fіlosofіya vbachaє svoє zavdannya in sintezі lyudskih knowledge in formuvannі tsіlіsnoї Kartini svitu. її basic methods vistupaє theoreticity mislennya, yak spiraєtsya dosyagnennya on specific sciences. In tsomu viyavlyaєtsya її spetsifіka yak FORMS unіversalnogo theoreticity svіtoglyadu, oskіlki Won Got the right s fundamental characteristics lyudskogo Butt.

Velikі vіdkrittya in concrete science spriyali іntensivnomu rozvitkovі fіlosofії. Dosit zgadati velichezny vpliv, yaky celebrated uspіhi prirodoznavstva in Novi hour abo naprikіntsі XIX - XX century on the cob. on rozvitok fіlosofskogo knowledge. Together s note i fіlosofіya vplivaє rozvitok on concrete science, and yak positive, so i negatively. Fіlosofsky svіtoglyad so chi іnakshe vplivaє on pozitsіyu vchenogo and otzhe on yogo representations to neobhіdnostі rozvitku tієї chi іnshoї konkretnoї the Branch of Knowledge (napriklad, yadernoї fіziki, єvgenіki, genetics, kіbernetiki toscho).

Tretіy aspect - fіlosofіya i pozanaukove knowledge pid Yakim rozumієtsya parascience (Antiscience "alternative science"), magіya toscho. Pozitsіya svіtoglyadnogo plyuralіzmu, neytralnostі Naukova svіtoglyadu schodo pseudo-Veda to іntelektualnogo anarhіzmu scho Mauger sprichiniti Peremoga marnovіrstva that zabobonіv.

Naybіlshy vpliv parascience Got the Same in kritichnі moments rozvitku suspіlstva that іndivіda. Tse pov'yazano s tim, scho parascience spravdі vikonuє Pevnyi that psycho-іntelektualno theoreticity funktsіyu serve zasobom

"Velichnі Interests lyudskoї culture vimagayut utvorennya strictly naukovoї fіlosofії; once s note Yakscho fіlosofsky revolution in our hour is guilty mother svoї law, vіn guilty Buti soulfully pragnennyam to novoobgruntuvannya fіlosofії in znachennі strogoї science. Tse Prague zovsіm not chuzhe for suchasnostі ".

E. Husserl

adaptatsії to Zhittya in perіod sotsіalnoї that іndivіdualnoї nestabіlnostі. Aje at vazhku hvilinu zavzhdi prostіshe zvernutisya to astrologer Chaklun toscho, oskіlki tse zvіlnyaє od neobhіdnostі ROBIT svіy Vlasnyi, іnodі vazhky, vibіr, i od vіdpovіdalnostі vіdnosno easily zabezpechuє peace of mind. Іndivіd boїtsya zalishatisya himself to himself bezkompromіsnimi s Naukova visnovkami.

Zagalnokulturne values ​​i prosvіtnitska funktsіya fіlosofії nesumіsnі s psevdonaukovimi teorіyami, SSMSC zvalyuyutsya on Suchasnyj Lyudin. Іgnoruvannya Naukova svіtorozumіnnya Mauger prizvesti to nebezpechnih sotsіalnih naslіdkіv, Especially if parascience vstupaє in spіlku s polіtichnoyu Vlad. Tse did not tіlki relіgіyny fanaticism fundamentalіzm that іnkvіzitsіya, ale th rasputіnschina, lisenkіvschina, pereslіduvannya genetics that kіbernetiki, sotsіal-darvіnіzmu toscho. Tom bayduzhіst to zusil science Je viyavom vlasnoї moralnoї ubogostі.

Fіlosofіyu vvazhayut matіr'yu science, i Pershi vchenі-prirodoznavtsі boule odnochasno fіlosofami, and she fіlosofіya pragne vikoristati teoretichnі methodological doslіdzhennya, logіchny іnstrumentarіy for obґruntuvannya svoїh provisions viroblennya dostovіrnih, zagalnoznachuschih printsipіv i zakonіv. In protsesі nagromadzhennya empіrichnogo materіalu i vdoskonalennya metodіv Naukova doslіdzhennya vіdbuvaєtsya rozdіlennya forms theoreticity osvoєnnya dіysnostі. In XV-XVII century., Vіdpovіdayuchi on zapitannya hour, science pochinaє viznachatisya in samostіyny sotsіalny іnstitut. Vіdbuvaєtsya vidіlennya concrete science, SSMSC osvoyuyut okremі aspects of nature i suspіlstva, spirayuchis on doslіdnі methodical search Search.

Well Fіlosofіya vbachaє svoє zavdannya in sintezі lyudskih knowledge in formuvannі єdinoї Kartini svitu. Won Got the right s fundamental characteristics lyudskogo Butt.

Fіlosofske uzagalnennya Got uniquely bіlshy obsyag, nіzh Naukova, yogo zavdannya - Institution vsogo suttєvogo up pillows, yak znіmaє superechnіst mіzh knowledge of the subject i. Fіlosofіya - tse taka dіyalnіst - vvazhaє MK Mamardashvіlі - Taqiy rozdum over whether yakimi problems (natural, moral, estetichnimi, sotsіalnimi toscho), if

"I viznayu fіlosofіyu pіznannya Unіversumu yak, i neobhіdno rozumіti pid CIM tsіlіsnu rozumovoї dіyalnostі system in yakіy nablizhennya regularly held to an absolute knowledge."

X. Ortega-i-Gasset

stink rozglyadayutsya pid Kut Zora kіntsevoї methylene іstorії svitu. Residual Je Sens svitu Chastain lyudskogo poklikannya, yak polyagaє in fact dwellers vіdbutisya yak Person of, why should Lyudin. Aje Lyudin not Je vikіnchenim vitvorom nature - Won nevpinno, znovu i znovu stvoryuєtsya in іstorії, s participation її samoї, її іndivіdualnih zusil.