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Analіz іnvestitsіynih proektіv - Schukіn BM

TOPIC 3. ІNSTITUTSІONALNY ANALІZ PROJECT

In protsesі іnstitutsіonalnogo analіzu viznachaєtsya realіstichnіst project s urahuvannyam organіzatsіynih, admіnіstrativnih, Yurydychna aspektіv yogo realіzatsії and takozh vіdpovіdnіst project zovnіshnomu seredovischu (zagalnoderzhavnomu, galuzevomu that regіonalnomu rіvnyu Economy minutes minds for pіdpriєmnitstva).

In Persha etapі іnstitutsіonalnogo analіzu zdіysnyuyut іdentifіkatsіyu project viznachayuchi scale yogo i osnovnі characteristics:

o warehouse project;

o scale strategіchnіst project;

o vіdpovіdnіst strategії pіdpriєmstva;

o perіod realіzatsії: characterization hours parametrіv organіzatsії project rozbittya on perіodi i otsіnka їh Especially (pіdgotovchy; stvorennya іnvestitsіynogo ob'єkta; okupnostі; pure obsession pributku);

o the type of project for the form yogo maybutnіh aktivіv form vіdtvorennya mainly fondіv;

o galuzeva orієntatsіya project;

o regіon realіzatsії (analіz transportnoї that іnzhenernoї іnfrastrukturi Georeferencing, vibranogo for realіzatsії project geografіchnі th regіonalnі minds for the project);

o rіven rozroblenostі project;

o pіdpriєmstvo on bazі yakogo realіzovuvatimetsya project;

o dzherela nadhodzhennya koshtіv for the project.

Dotsіlno otsіniti іnvestitsіynu privablivіst the Branch th regіonu on SSMSC orієntovany project. Іnvestitsіynu otsіnku the Branch mozhna zdіysnyuvati for with such a scheme.

1. Location of the Branch in ekonomіtsі: chastka in gross vnutrіshnomu produktі (GDP) Kraina, sotsіalna orієntatsіya th values ​​produktsії the Branch, spozhivchі osoblivostі produktsії, chastka eksportu, zalezhnіst od іmportu, energomіstkіst, sirovinna zabezpechenіst, rіven zabezpechenostі vnutrіshnіh potreb Kraina, osnovnі spozhivachі produktsії.

2. Organіzatsіya the Branch: type konkurentsії on market analysis galuzevoї produktsії, rіven konkurentsії, nayavnіst monopolіstіv i galuzevih ob'єdnan, fіnansovo-Promyslova group, s phone reception іnshimi Galuzo, gorizontalnі th vertikalnі zv'yazki in the Branch, nayavnіst bar'єrіv for vihodu galuzevy on rinok, segmentatsіya galuzevogo market analysis, dinamіka aktivnostі on market analysis, elastichnіst popitu th tsіn.

3. Characteristics of market analysis, popitu th spozhivannya produktsії the Branch:

rіven konkurentsії chi monopolnostі, osoblivostі zbutu market analysis, faktichnі that potentsіyno mozhlivі obsyagi galuzevogo market analysis, to the Branch stіykіst zagalnoekonomіchnih spadіv.

4. Tehnіchna base th virobnichy aparata the Branch: zastosovanі tehnologії, їh vіdpovіdnіst svіtovomu rіvnyu, skladnіst produktsії th virobnitstva, kapіtalo- i naukomіstkіst produktsії, rіven іnnovatsіy, mill-NAUKOVO doslіdnoї that proektnoї robots in the Branch, serednіy vіk mainly fondіv, koefіtsієnt znoshennya.

5. Rіven sovereign vtruchannya (abo mozhlivostі for tsogo) at the Branch rozvitok: nayavnіst galuzevogo body derzhavnoї Vlady osobі mіnіsterstva chi komіtetu, agencies, komіsії; derzhavnі kapіtalnі vkladennya rozvitok in the Branch; podatkovі pіlgi; mozhlivіst priskorenoї amortizatsії; vpliv on mehanіzm tsіnoutvorennya; sotsіalnі th ekologіchnі standards; vimogi up of companies i robotodavtsіv toscho.

6. Sotsіalna znachuschіst galuzevoї spherical dіyalnostі: Quantity robochem mіsts, distsiplіnovanіst pratsіvnikіv, plinnіst kadrіv, rіven zaynyatostі in the Branch, regіonalne rozmіschennya virobnitstv, serednya zarobіtna board koefіtsієnt zmіnnostі robots virobnichogo personnel injuries vpliv Gromadska organіzatsіy, robot i vpliv profspіlok, virobnichі vіdnosini kolektivіv i direktsіy of companies, ekologіchna bezpeka virobnitstva chi produktsії, straykіv statistics that konflіktіv zbitkіv i od them.

7. Fіnansovі Robot minds of the Branch: serednogaluzevy rіven rentabelnostі, fondovіddacha, serednya vіddacha on vkladeny kapіtal, oborotnіst aktivіv, їh serednya lіkvіdnіst, order types rozpodіlu i vikoristannya pributku, fіnansovy mill i zmіni of companies in nomu. Іnvestitsіynu privablivіst regіonu otsіnyuyut for such aspects:

o rіvnem ekonomіchnogo rozvitku regіonu (obsyagi stvoryuvanogo GDP per capita);

o nayavnіstyu іnvestitsіynoї іnfrastrukturi (budіvelnі fіrmi, zabezpechenіst mіstsevimi budіvelnimi materіalami, bankіvska system regіonі, energozabezpechennya regіonu);

o rіvnem іnzhenernoї i transportnoї іnfrastrukturi;

o rіvnem sotsіalnogo rozvitku regіonu (ekologіya, rіven Zhittya i dohodіv population demografіchnі pokazniki system osvіti i receptionists Health Protection, nayavnіst resursіv of labor, warehouse statevo-vіkovy population rozpodіl on sіlske that mіske population rіven zlochinnostі);

o Rolla (i dіlovimi yakostyami) regіonalnih organіv Vlady zabezpechennі rozvitku regіonu, spriyannі rozvitku virobnitstva i pіdpriєmnitstva;

o pitched mіstsevih rinkіv (їh organіzatsіya th napovnennya, mіzhregіonalnі ekonomіchnі zv'yazki);

o nayavnіstyu in regіonі neobhіdnih for project materіalnih, energetichnih i resursіv of labor.

Vazhlivim іnstitutsіonalnim point for the project Je positive otsіnka that will pіdpriєmstva perspectives on bazі yakogo planuєtsya realіzovuvati project. Іnvestitsіynu privablivіst i privablivіst pіdpriєmstva zagalom (tobto "ekonomіchny passport" pіdpriєmstva) can be viznachiti such parameters.

1. Zagalna characteristic virobnitstva: tehnologії character; nayavnіst Suchasnyj ustatkuvannya, zokrema іnozemnogo; ekologіchna shkіdlivіst virobnitstva; nayavnіst skladskih primіschen, Vlasnyi transport; geografіchne position; nablizhenіst to the transport komunіkatsіy.

2. Characteristics tehnіchnoї bazi pіdpriєmstva, tehnologіya, vartіst mainly fondіv, koefіtsієnt znoshennya.

3. Nomenclature produktsії scho vipuskaєtsya: obsyag virobnitstva; eksport; іmport sirovini th materіalіv; zv'yazki s іnshimi pіdpriєmstvami; postachalniki resursіv; spozhivachі produktsії; otsіnka stabіlnostі zbutu (popitu).

4. Virobnicha potuzhnіst, mozhlivіst naroschuvannya virobnitstva.

5. Location pіdpriєmstva in the Branch, at the market. Rіven monopolіzmu i konkurentsії on market analysis produktsії pіdpriєmstva.

6. Characteristics direktsії; upravlіnnya pіdpriєmstvom schemes; chiselnіst staff yogo structure zarobіtna board.

7. Statutory Fund; vlasniki pіdpriєmstva (nomіnalnі that realnі); nomіnalna i rinkova Cena aktsії; rozpodіl paketіv aktsіy mіzh great aktsіonerami.

8. Structure vitrat on virobnitstvo have to chislі for the main types of produktsії, їh rentabelnіst.

9. Obsyag pributku for ostannі Rocky i yogo structure vikoristannya. 10. Fіnansovy camp pіdpriєmstva [5, 22-33]:

o warehouse debіtorskoї that kreditorskoї zaborgovanostі (analіz after hour viniknennya characteristics borzhnikіv i);

o pokazniki fіnansovoї stabіlnostі that lіkvіdnostі;

o analіz platospromozhnostі;

o otsіnka pributkovostі.

Zaplanovanu system upravlіnnya project analіzuyut odnochasno s rozglyadom mozhlivostey virobnichogo management on yaky orієntovany project, i quiet, hto project іnіtsіyuvav, predstavlyaє th matim vlasnostі right to yogo result:

o nayavnіst in proektі inventory organіzatsії upravlіnnya power project (i monіtoringu processes of acceptance rіshen; rozpodіl vіdpovіdalnostі; pіdrozdіlіv project structure i їh vzaєmna pіdporyadkovanіst in protsesі keruvannya);

o dosvіd i kvalіfіkatsіya maybutnіh menedzherіv project;

o zatsіkavlenіst i motivatsіya menedzherіv robots have proektі;

o Pay organіzatsіya pratsі, stimulyuvannya i motivatsіya for staff on project i vikonavtsіv vsіh rіvnyah;

o dostatnіst kvalіfіkatsії menedzherіv i robot staff at proektі.

Before admіnіstrativnih minds realіzatsії project nalezhat takozh nadіynіst partnerіv i uchasnikіv project. Potrіbno otsіniti їhnі slabkі that silnі PARTIES schodo materіalnih, fіnansovih i lyudskih resursіv, organіzatsіynoї pobudovi, dіlovih yakostey direktsіy is the staff.

Yuridichnі minds realіzatsії project:

o іsnuyucha in kraїnі zakonodavcha i regulatory framework for sovereign regulyuvannya spherical dіyalnostі on yak orієntovany project (zokrema schodo navkolishnogo seredovischa, pay i receptionists pratsі, tsіn, zovnіshnoekonomіchnoї dіyalnostі, obmіnu currency), i s uzgodzhenіst project tsієyu bazoyu;

o complex Yurydychna dokumentіv scho viznachayut project (ustanovchі documents; avtorskі law; svіdotstvo about right vlasnostі am Main; іntelektualnu vlasnіst; pіdtverdzhennya zroblenih Project participants fіnansovih vneskіv toscho in the project);

o ukladenі chi pіdgotovlenі projection dogovorіv scho viznachayut ekonomіchnі that maynovі vіdnosini mіzh Project participants, mіzh іnvestorom i Basic pіdpriєmstvom, strahovі contract;

o yuridichnі document scho viznachayut right vlasnostі іnvestora i uchasnikіv project to project assets, yogo maybutnі materіalnі that fіnansovі results.

Complex іnstitutsіonalnih parametrіv project is shown schematically in Fig. 3.1.

realіzuyut project in vіdpovіdnomu seredovischі, scho Got bagato-pronged response, yak pid hour potrіbno vrahovuvati rozrobki project is the Sanitary and Epidemiological yogo yak vimogu zovnіshnoї uzgodzhenostі project.

Osnovnі zovnіshnі minds realіzatsії project viznachayut on osnovі prognozuvannya parametrіv makroekonomіchnogo will perіod realіzatsії Economy on the project:

o ochіkuvany rіven fіnansovoї stabіlnostі;

o mill foreign exchange market; dostatnіst mіzhnarodnih rezervіv natsіonalnogo bank for pіdtrimki stabіlnostі natsіonalnoї currency rinkovimi zasobami;

o Mill platіzhnogo balance Kraina;

o zbalansovanіst derzhavnoї byudzhetnoї polіtiki, camp i grafіk viplat for Reigning borgovimi zobov'yazannyami;

o The option monetarnoї polіtiki; Schemes zdіysnennya groshovoї emіsії i їh vpliv on ekonomіku;

o podatkovih system (rіvnі rates opodatkuvannya, prozorіst buhgalterskogo oblіku, prognozovanіst Change log in sistemі opodatkuvannya);

o Mill bankіvskoї system її nadіynіst i zdatnіst to kredituvannya іnvestitsіynih proektіv;

o Mill fіnansovogo th Rinku Rate Credit resursіv;

o serednorinkova pributkovіst i rizikovanіst fіnansovih іnstrumentіv;

o zagalna zbalansovanіst proportsіy byudzhetnoї system monetarnoї polіtiki, platіzhnogo balance Kraina;

o nayavnіst i Tempi ekonomіchnogo rozvitku in kraїnі;

Fig. 3.1. Skladovі іnstitutsіonalnogo analіzu project

o th Tempi rіven spozhivannya; proportsії scho sklalisya mіzh spozhivannyam i nagromadzhennyam, їh prognozovana dinamіka;

o forecasting dіlovoї aktivnostі on the following perіod. Іnvestitsіyny orієntovany project for the future. To dwellers

sklasti realіstichny project potrіbno sprognozuvati seredovische Where Money Does rozvivatimetsya project. Taqiy forecast can ROBIT for guidance perelіkom KEY FEATURES makroekonomіchnogo seredovischa project.

Cutaneous іz zaznachenih aspektіv zovnіshnіh minds Mauger zmіnyuvati ekonomіchny rozvitok in kraїnі, vplivati ​​on project i vіdpovіdno formuvati Yogo.

When rozrobtsі chi otsіnyuvannі project vazhlivo sprognozuvati fіnansovu stіykіst Economy i її osnovnі characteristics: zmіnu vnutrіshnіh tsіn (rіven іnflyatsії) i exchange rate natsіonalnoї groshovoї odinitsі (rіven devalvatsії).

Prognozovany ekonomіchny rozvitok in kraїnі on perіod realіzatsії project formuє ekonomіchne TLO on Money Does realіzovuvatimetsya project. Zagalna for Economy tendentsіya rozvitku daє potentsіynu vpevnenіst in fact, scho minds behind the project rozvivatimetsya zrostannya popitu, in addition to the first chislі produktsіyu project. Okremі pomilki project mozhut Buti іz stock kompensovanі INCREASING rіvnem popitu on yogo produktsіyu. Prognozovany zagalnoekonomіchny decline in kraїnі pіdvischuє zagalnoekonomіchny rizik project.

Zavdyaki zbalansovanіy derzhavnіy byudzhetnіy i penny-kreditnіy polіtitsі for project bude target spriyatlive zovnіshnє seredovische.

Before the project nalezhat zovnіshnіh minds takozh galuzevі that regіonalnі estate projects, nayavna іnzhenerna, transport infrastructure Georeferencing realіzatsії project neobhіdnі trudovі that prirodnі resources ekologіchnі toscho minds. Vazhlivoyu Je takozh chi nayavnіst sumіzhnih of companies virobnitstv, scho shaping can Buti vikoristanі in proektі yak postachalniki produktsії chi poslug, spozhivachі, poseredniki, consultants toscho.

In proektnіy dokumentatsії forecast zovnіshnіh minds Mauger not have viokremlyuvatis spetsіalny rozdіl. Prote okremі yogo Chastain vrahovuyut at obgruntuvannі yakіsnih i kіlkіsnih parametrіv project and takozh at viborі metodіv rozrahunku efektivnostі th obgruntuvannya project.

Forecast zovnіshnіh drain project ohoplyuє takі aspects:

o otsіnku rіvnya riziku vrahuvannya i yogo in kriterії pributkovostі project;

o Change log urahuvannya mozhlivih tsіn at formuvannі potokіv penny for the project;

o vibіr vіdpovіdnoї normalized bring potokіv penny for the project;

o vibіr kіlkіsnogo rіvnya kriterіїv for otsіnki pributkovostі project;

o urahuvannya rіvnya tsіni for vikoristannya pozichenogo kapіtalu іnvestora;

o alternativnі varіanti vikoristannya kapіtalu.

Mozhna vvazhati, scho Tsikh in the aspects of the project bezposeredno stikaєtsya іz zovnіshnіm seredovischem i Got Booty uzgodzheny s schodo parametrіv him. Tse one іz strategіchno vazhlivih іnstitutsіonalnih parametrіv project.

Power for self-control

1. Viznachennya іnstitutsіonalnogo analіzu project.

2. Zavdannya іnstitutsіonalnogo analіzu project.

3. Chi vplivayut іnstitutsіonalnі parameters of the project on yogo realіstichnіst i dotsіlnіst? Chi stink Sotho іnformatsіynі th residual rіshennya іnvestora project schodo od them deposits?

4. Skladovі іnstitutsіonalnogo analіzu.

5. Zovnіshnі minds realіzatsії project.

6. Yak zovnіshnі Minds project proyavlyayutsya in іnshih aspects of the project?

7. On SSMSC kіlkіsnі otsіnki project vplivayut prognozovanі zovnіshnі Minds project?

8. Shcho oznachaє ponyattya "rozroblenіst project"?

9. For yakimi Find our viokremlyuyut "strategіchnі project"?

10. Otsіnіt іnvestitsіynu privablivіst kіlkoh regіonіv (for your Vibor).

11. Nazvіt kіlka іnvestitsіyno privablivih Galuzo in ukraїnskіy ekonomіtsі that obgruntuyte svіy vibіr.

12. Yakima Plan Wee skladali b analіtichny zvіt that robili visnovki schodo іnvestitsіynoї privablivostі virobnichogo pіdpriєmstva for rіshennya schodo of acceptance of the project?

13. Yak yuridichnі aspects of the project mozhut vplinuti on rіshennya іnvestora?

14. Shcho Treba rozumіti pid admіnіstrativnimi Minds project?

15. Yak treba otsіnyuvati yakіst zaplanovanoї Sistemi upravlіnnya project?

16. Yak otsіniti vіdpovіdnіst project priynyatіy іnvestitsіynіy strategії?

17. Yak analіz Jerel fіnansuvannya project Mauger vplinuti on zagalnu otsіnku project?

18. Otsіnka strategіchnih yakostey project.

19. Skladovі іnvestitsіynogo project.

20. Yakima Bazhanov proportsіyam toil vіdpovіdati minds fіnansuvannya project?

Literature [1, p. 83-103; 3, p. 7-95; 119-121; 5, p. 13-32; 7, p. 10-26, 46-47, 106-126]