Basics of ekonomіchnoї teorії: polіtekonomіchny aspect

Rozdіl 41 OSOBLIVOSTІ SUCHASNOЇ EKONOMІCHNOЇ POLІTIKI In UKRAЇNІ

In the minds of becoming i rozvitku Ukraine yak nezalezhnoї holding vie pershochergovoyu Je require viroblennya vlasnoї zagalnoder-zhavnoї ekonomіchnoї polіtiki. Tse zumovleno nasampered tim, scho to utvorennya suverennoї powers UKRAINE not Provadia vlasnoї ekonomіchnoї polіtiki, oskіlki Bula warehouses іnshoї velikoї der zhavi - CPCP and її ekonomіka belonged to the warehouse so the title of єdi-foot complex narodnogospodarskogo CPCP. Polіtika rozvitku Economy of Ukraine viznachalas іz zagalnosoyuznogo ekonomіchnogo center. Zvіdti nadhodili pryamі Price not specified, the directive, a plan that lіmі-minute schodo mainly napryamіv that proportsіy rozvitku national Gospodarstwa Ukraine, SSMSC Mali metі nasampered zadovolennya i realіzatsіyu not natsіonalnih and zagalnosoyuznih potreb that іnte-resіv.

In Ukraїnі zdіysnyuєtsya іntensivna robot Reigning vikonav i-chih organіv that Naukova zakladіv schodo viznachennya sutnostі, ambushes i basically napryamіv samostіynoї sotsіalno-ekonomіchnoї polіtiki, spryamovanoї on pіznannya, viznachennya i realіzatsіyu korіnnih natsіo-rata Sovereign ekonomіchnih potreb that іnteresіv. Kontsentrova-not virazhennya tsya robot znahodit in vіdpovіdnih zakonodavchih acts.

Pershochergovogo values ​​nabuvaє zavdannya chіtkogo z'yasuvannya mainly tsіley i prіoritetіv ekonomіchnoї polіtiki powers on vіdpovіdnih Etap її rozvitku. Central Lanka ekonomіchnoї polі-tiki powers on Suchasnyj etapі Got Booty priskorennya rinkovoї transformatsії Economy Kraina through zdіysnennya radically eco-nomіchnih reforms. Tse Way vihodu Creasy s i postupovogo zabezpe-chennya realіzatsії korіnnih i strategіchnih natsіonalnih sotsіalno-ekonomіchnih potreb that іnteresіv. Same stink viznachayut dovgostro-kovі prіoriteti ekonomіchnoї polіtiki that osoblivostі їh dosyagnennya in precisely the moment.

Rinkovі reform potrіbnі natsії not zaradi Vlasnyi rinkovih re-forms and zaradi її іnteresіv, SSMSC shaping can Buti maintained upstream realіzovanі sama in rinkovіy ekonomіtsі.

Zvernennya to korіnnih natsіonalnih ekonomіchnih potreb i іnte-resіv zakladaє ob'єktivny foundation for rozrobki prіoritetіv ekonomіchnoї polіtiki. Against reform i polіtiku zdіysnyuyut people. In kіntsevomu pіdsumku od їh representations to progoloshenih tsіley i zahodіv deposits realnіst ekonomіchnoї polіtiki.

In zv'yazku s CIM neobhіdnimi minds zdіysnennya rate for locally-rinkovih reforms Ukraїnі slіd vvazhati:

viroblennya vivazhenoї strategії zdіysnennya sotsіalne orієnto-vanoї rinkovoї transformatsії Economy of Ukraine, vihodyachi іz for garden (. yak vimagaє of Article 1 Konstitutsії Ukraine) suverennostі that Nezalezhnosti, demokratichnostі, sotsіalnoї spryamovanostі i Upper equality rights;

chіtke uyavlennya about Etap rinkovih of radical reforms rozrobku yogo mehanіzmu;

orієntatsіyu on rinkovu transformatsіyu kerіvnitstva Kraina, zakonodavchih i upravlіnskih structures SSMSC rozglyadayut trans Taku Taku formatsіyu yak, scho vіdpovіdaє natsіonalnim іnteresam;

dosyagnennya Hoch b Pochatkova real uspіhіv on okremih dі-Lyanka reforms nasampered quiet, scho zachіpayut zhittєvі Interests verstv broader population;

zaluchennya real reform before the rinkovih verstv broader population not ob'єktіv yak and yak sub'єktіv Tsikh reforms i fore-muvannya on Tsikh ambushes shirokoї sotsіalnoї bazi rozumіnnya, pid-trimki ta Zahist natsіonalnih ekonomіchnih іnteresіv scho Yea shlya-hamster to vstanovlennya prіoritetu NKVD іnteresіv;

stvorennya wide serednogo class yak nayaktivnіshoї bazi nezvorotnostі rate sotsіalne orієntovanih rinkovih reforms.

Obov'yazkovoyu minds zdіysnennya real-i-tive sotsіalne efek rinkovih reforms Je nasampered dosyagnennya ekonomіchnoї stabіlіzatsії in kraїnі. Tse oznachaє on au-Perche, stabіlіzatsіyu lawful davstva i uryadovoї normativnoї bazi from sferі ekonomіchnih vіdnosin on konstitutsіynih ambushes; Alternatively, stabіlіzatsіyu mіzhderzhavnih ekonomіchnih zv'yazkіv that direct ekonomіchnih zv'yazkіv vіtchiznyanih

s partners of companies in quiet kraїnah scho zaymayut provіdne camp on traditsіynih Rink zbutu abo postachannya ukraїn-skih virobnikіv; in tretє, stabіlіzatsіyu Reigning fіnansіv that chickens-sous-penny kreditnoї polіtiki; on-quarter, nadannya Reigning garantіy that real-mode spriyannya rozvitku private sec-torus that vіtchiznyanogo pіdpriєmnitstva; in p'yate, stimulyuvannya eco-nomії materіalno-tehnіchnih (Especially energetichnih) resursіv that orієntatsіyu fіnansovih resursіv on vіdnovlennya i rozvitok virob-nichoї sphere.

Ob'єktivnoyu Basics realnoї dіyovoї ekonomіchnoї polіtiki Ukraїnskoї powers Je neobhіdnіst rozv'yazannya problems transition to sotsіalne orієntovanogo rinkovogo Gospodarstwa s not the point Zora tіlki ekonomіchnih virobnichih vіdnosin and second productive forces virobnichih resursіv. Tsey perehіd duzhe obtyazheny require rose-v'yazannya problems scho vinikli vnaslіdok rozpadu єdinogo folk gospodarskogo complex kolishnіh respublіk Union PCP. Zvіdsi neobhіdnіst on au-Perche, strukturnoї perebudovi Economy Ukraї-no for stvorennya natsіonalno-sovereign ekonomіchnogo complexes-su; Alternatively, nalagodzhennya on gruntі virobnichih zv'yazkіv scho іsnu Wali ranіshe, ekonomіchnih rіvnopravnih vіdnosin s s cutaneous non-fallow powers scho utvorilisya on terenі kolishnogo CPCP, in addition chislі s Rosієyu yak s basic zovnіshnoekonomіchnim Partnach rum; in tretє, vhodzhennya in svіtovy ekonomіchny Prostir. All tse potrebuє not tіlki strategіchnoї yasnostі, napoleglivostі and the second hour, bіlshe tim, scho treba pozbutisya pіdhodu virіshennya to such pro-problems in Sotho polіtichnіy ploschinі and translate yogo in polіtiko-eco-nomіchny Prostir, vihodyachi s ob'єktivnih ekonomіchnih potreb that іnteresіv gromadyan Ukraine.

Vazhlivim power ekonomіchnoї polіtiki rozvitku minds in Ukraine Je power about spіvvіdnoshennya vzaєmodіyu mіzh that private-it is the Reigning Economy sectors. On praktitsі rinkova orієntatsіya ekonomіchnoї polіtiki pіdtverdzhuєtsya її representations to the private sector Economy. Ekonomichna polіtika Got Booty really spryamovana on pіdtrimku i rozvitok private sector yaky Je formuvannya ground for real and not kvazіrinkovih od-nosin. In the minds perehіdnoї Economy mozhlivostі powers scho tsogo obmezhenі-up, to Ekonomichna polіtika Got zoseredzhuva-tisya on quiet Lanka, de vikoristannya Vladi Mauger Dachi naybіlshy efekt.

Treba vrahovuvati nayavnіst takozh i novih formuvannya "price-trіv" ekonomіchnoї Vladi (fіnansovo-bankіvskih group, promislo-vortices monopolіy, agricultural groups, fіnansovo-Promyslova group toscho). Cutaneous s them domagaєtsya vikoristannya derzhavnoї Vladi in Vlas-іnteresah them. In tsіy situatsії Power Got zabezpechiti prіoritet sama natsіonalnih ekonomіchnih іnteresіv sotsіalne orієntovanoї rinkovoї Economy. In tsomu zaporuka of Success її ekonomіchnoї in lіtiki.

Vazhlivoyu neobhіdnіstyu suchasnoї sotsіalno-ekonomіchnoї polіti-ki in nashіy derzhavі Je obgruntovane viznachennya vlastivih sous-sama chasnoe Etap її Formation tsіley that prіoritetіv natsіonalnoї ekonomіchnoї polіtiki stosovno kozhnoї konkretnoї spherical rinkovoї transformatsії Economy Kraina.

In sferі fіnansovo-byudzhetnoї that podatkovoї polіtiki to them nalezhat: utrimannya defіtsitu Sovereign budget rіvnі 5-7 vіdsotkіv od GDP i zabezpechennya zhorstkoї zalezhnostі Reigning vitrat od otrimuvanih dohodіv; Reigning kontsentratsіya resursіv on prіoritetnih directly rozvitku Economy; reformuvannya budget reached budgetary vzaєmovіdnosin mіzh Central, regіonalnimi i Location-Vimy rіvnyami; fіnansove zabezpechennya neobhіdnogo Zahist popu-lennya that funktsіonuvannya sotsіalno kulturnoї-field; polіpshennya upravlіnnya Costa Sovereign budget through Reigning belongings-nitsyu that vdoskonalennya upravlіnnya Reigning vnutrіshnіm i call-nіshnіm Borg; zabezpechennya stabіlnostі in opodatkuvannі, rozshi rennya-bazi is the zmenshennya kіlkostі podatkovih pіlg and takozh obov'yazkovostі that rіvnonapruzhenostі in splatі podatkіv usіma yuri-sures i fіzichnimi personages; posilennya їhnogo stimulyuyuchogo vplivu on rozvitok virobnitstva; rozshirennya bazi is the rights-Location vortices organіv Vladi schodo formuvannya dohodіv mіstsevih byudzhetіv for rakhunok i mіstsevih podatkіv zborіv; posilennya control over Povny-toyu Splat podatkіv.

At the Branch penny-kreditnoї that tsіnovoї polіtiki such tsіlyami that prіoritetami Je: spryamuvannya resursіv, vklyuchayuchi іnozemnu all-lyutu on kredituvannya zhittєvo vazhlivih i efektivnosti virobnitstv that zdіysnennya strukturnoї perebudovi Economy; skorochennya direct-IIR kreditіv NBU pokrittya defіtsitu budget regularly ne-reglyad oblіkovoї NBU rate that dotrimannya Positive vіdsotko-vortices rates; stvorennya minds for zaluchennya komertsіynih bankіv to uchastі in kredituvannі dovgostrokovih іnvestitsіynih proektіv; lіbe-ralіzatsіya i detsentralіzatsіya vnutrіshnogo foreign exchange market is the over-Hist natsіonalnoї currency; orієntatsіya on proportsії svіtovih tsіn that usunennya deformatsіy tsіn on sіlskogospodarsku i Promyslova produktsіyu; posilennya control over tsіnami on produktsіyu pіdpri-єmstv-monopolіstіv.

In sferі strukturnoї that promislovoї polіtiki uwagi slіd zosere-Diti on zabezpechennі kerovanostі structural perebudovoyu eco-nomіki, nasampered on stimulyuvannі prіoritetnogo rozvitku Galois bonds, scho toil Shvidky kapіtalu turnover and takozh efektivnosti on-ukoєmnih Galuzo promislovostі; restrukturizatsії nezhittєzdatnih

virobnitstv scho vtratili defense implications; zabezpechennya all bіchnoї ekonomії energoresursіv, zmenshennya require powers in pas Livno-energetichnih resources i znizhennya obsyagіv їh pridbannya for іmportom; spriyannі stvorennyu fіnansovo-Promyslova groups, cold-dingіv scho zabezpechuyut Interests natsіonalnogo ekonomіchnogo roses-round; timchasove zdіysnennya protektsіonіstskih zahodіv schodo neighborhood-IIR areas vіtchiznyanogo virobnitstva.

In іnvestitsіynіy polіtitsі slіd nasampered zabezpechiti straighten-vannya budgetary іnvestitsіy on virіshennya naygostrіshih sotsіal-completion of these problems i budіvnitstva nayvazhlivіshih virobni sneeze-bearing-down; realіzatsіyu polіtiki priskorenoї amortizatsії that posilennya control over vikoristannyam amortizatsіynih vіdrahu-wan; rozmіschennya tsentralіzovanih kapіtalnih vkladen at stake-kursnіy osnovі and takozh rozshirennya vikoristannya-sovereign Jerel іnvestuvannya: іnvestitsіynogo potentsіalu komertsіynih ban-kіv, resursіv pensіynih, insurance that іnshih fondіv, іnozemnih іnves-titsіy, іnozemnih Credit lіnіy.

In agrarnіy polіtitsі prіoritetami viznano stabіlіzatsіyu that post-behavior naroschuvannya obsyagіv sіlskogospodarskogo virobnitstva;

company profile Suchasnyj rinkіv sіlskogospodarskoї produktsії that the pro-satisfaction (nasampered grain tsukru, olії); zbіlshennya eksportno th potentsіalu agropromislovogo complex; poslіdovne zdіysnennya zemelnoї that gospodarskoї reforms pіdvischennya rolі land podatku (payment for the land).

In sferі sotsіalnoї polіtiki prіoritetnimi tsіlyami i zavdannyami Je pіdvischennya platospromozhnogo popitu population that zmenshennya tyagarya reforms naymensh zahischenih yogo verstv; udoskonalen nya-payment system that pratsі aktivіzatsіya derzhavnoї polіtiki Zain tostі; zabezpechennya on state-sponsored rіvnі mіnіmalnih sotsіalnih garantіy, tsіlovoї adresnoї Relief naybіlsh verstvam Vulnerable populations; reformuvannya of the Pension Systems of zabezpechennya with i-tsіalnogo strahuvannya that vporyadkuvannya nadannya rіznomanіtnih pіlg; rozvitok-sovereign forms sotsіalnoї pіdtrimki population (blagodіynі organіzatsії, kreditnі spіlki, spozhivchі tovaristva toscho).

At the Branch zovnіshnoekonomіchnoї polіtiki prіoritetne values ​​Got zabezpechennya poetapnogo skorochennya defіtsitu platіzhno-tor-traction balance; stimulyuvannya naroschuvannya eksportu, rozshiren-nya dіyuchih i Poshuk, novih rinkіv zbutu and takozh udoskonalennya the varnoї-structuring eksportu that іmportu; Rozbudova іnfrastrukturi zovnіshnoї torgіvlі that vdoskonalennya Sistemi Mitnija Control i regulyuvannya tariff; viznachennya obsyagіv i perelіkіv tovarnoї nomenclature critical іmportu and takozh perelіkіv іmportoza-mіnnoї produktsії; rozvitok spіvrobіtnitstva s mіzhnarodnimi fіnan-sovimi organіzatsіyami in natsіonalnih іnteresah; stimulyuvannya efektivnosti іnozemnih іnvestitsіy that dovgostrokovih Trading od-nosin іz zarubіzhnimi kraїnami.

In sferі restrukturizatsії vіdnosin vlasnostі pershochergovimi Je takі zavdannya:

priskorennya protsesіv privatizatsії odnochasnim posilennyam s sovereign control over otsіnkoyu vartostі ob'єktіv privatizatsії;

zaluchennya strategіchnih іnvestorіv, peredusіm vіtchiznyanih to privatizatsії;

zabezpechennya formuvannya pravovoї bazi rozvitku small i-lo anterior bіznesu;

priskorennya privatizatsії ob'єktіv UNFINISHED budіvnitstva;

zabezpechennya mozhlivostі privatizatsії ob'єktіv time іz land-dіlyankami them on yakih stink roztashovanі;

posilennya control over dіyalnіstyu trastіv, іnvestitsіynih background dіv, dovіrchih tovaristv.

In antimonopolnіy polіtitsі slіd zabezpechiti on au-Perche, congestion-Suwanee legal norms antitrust zakonodavstva, straighten-vanih on zberezhennya tsіlіsnih tehnologіchnih kompleksіv s temple rіvnem kontsentratsії virobnitstva, SSMSC zabezpechuyut eksportny potentsіal, i, in other words, zhorstky control for preventing viyavіv monopoly i diskrimіnatsіynih tsіn yak at sferі virobnitstva, so i have sferі torgіvlі.

In the sector of Economy upravlіnnі Reigning bunt Je takі zavdannya:

vіdnovlennya kerovanostі Reigning Economy sector through its control s side mіnіsterstv i vіdomstv, Especially Fund Reigning th lane for efektivnosti vikoristannyam Reigning th Lane, vetch-nannyam Reigning kontraktіv, holding NAUKOVO-tehnіchnoї in lіtiki in vіdpovіdnih Galuzo, vivchennyam rinkіv zbutu produktsії;

zakonodavche rozmezhuvannya rights i vіdpovіdalnostі rіznih der zhavnih organіv upravlіnnya that admіnіstratsії of companies.

Vazhlive values ​​Got takozh zabezpechennya Reigning prіori-tetіv in rozvitku Galuzo, SSMSC viroblyayut kіntsevu produktsіyu, posі-give Vahom Location on vnutrіshnomu market analysis, toil vіdpovіdny ex-Tailor potentsіal, zabezpechuyut Shvidky turnover kapіtalu i znachnі nadhodzhennya to the budget, and takozh spriyayut zaynyatostі population. Tse i nasampered easy nutritive promislovіst, bazovі naukoєmnі that the Branch (machine-i priladobuduvannya, metalurgіya, hіmіchna promislo-vіst) and takozh the Branch palivno-energetichnogo complex.

In agropromislovomu sektorі - tse rozvitok bazi for pererobki that zberіgannya sіlskogospodarskoї produktsії that rozvitok sotsіal-noї of rural areas.

Practicality realіzatsіya vsіh perelіchenih prіoritetіv Got to metі zabezpechiti on au-Perche, real lіberalіzatsіyu i makroekonomіchnu

stabіlіzatsіyu Economy Kraina, and in another, perehіd ukraїnskoї eco-nomіki rail efektivnosti rinkovogo gospodaryuvannya.

Analіz rezultatіv Perche rokіv rinkovih reforms svіdchit, scho in ekonomіtsі Ukraine vzhe namіtilis pevnі tendentsії її stabіlіzatsії and takozh Formation rinkovih mehanіzmіv gospodaryuvannya. Svіdchen yum tsogo Yea, for au-Perche, postupova real lіkvіdatsіya tsentralіzovanoї Sistemi rozpodіlu resursіv i policy control of companies s side Reigning organіv; Alternatively, lіkvіdatsіya defіtsitu tovarіv scho іsnuvav ranіshe, i perehіd znachnoї Chastain population in the sphere of private pіdpriєmnitstva; in tretє, transformatsіya Vlas forms-that of becoming nostі novih gospodaryuvannya forms.

In tsіlomu zavdyaki vіdpovіdnіy ekonomіchnіy polіtitsі powers vzhe zapochatkovano ob'єktivnі rinkovі processes, SSMSC in kіntsevomu pіdsum-ku toil zabezpechiti Formation that efektivnosti funktsіonuvannya in Ukraїnі sotsіalne orієntovanoї rinkovoї Economy.