Історія України - Полонська-Василенко Наталія: Том 2

The rule of the Getmansky Prison (1734-1750)

Danilo the Apostle, dying, willingly transferring the ownership of the General Headquarters to the deportation of the new hetman, or even in Petersburg, they were bogged down for yogo death and negatively superimposed the residents' order under the hetman, the generals of Naryshkina, on death of the hetman, to interrupt the viloy. Rosysky detachment, zamist detaining the hetman, virishiv ponoviti Malorosysku Kolegiyu, ale tse reishennya punished bulo trimaty in taemnitsi vіd Ukrainianskogo people, shob uniknuti hvylyuvannya.

Another Malorossiyska Kolegіya distala is named " Rule of the Getmansky Uyei ". Vano was stored in six osibs: troy rosіyan i troy Ukrain; Z of the Russian side of the boule: Prince Shakhovskoy, Prince Baryatinsky, that Yakov Kravsky; From the Ukrainian General Prosecutor Mihajlo Zabila, general sieul Fedir Lysenko, general pidskarbіy Andriy Markevich (that same, syakym bivot Danilo the Apostle and yakogo filed bugo bagatogo skarga for khabarnitsuto any sort of zlovzhivannya).

The members of the Board were punished with a boule, they dropped on one side of the table, and Ukrainians - on a friend. Actually, not zvayazhyuchi on the "rivnist", the ruler of Ukraine became the prince Shakhovskoy , a yak in kuyushu keruvavsya "Decisive points." Шаховской дістав від цариці Anni таємну інструкцію seek out the zhlizhennya ukrainian bosses with russians, confront mishanim slobs, and on the other side - do not admit zbylzhennya і shlyubіv ukraїнців з білоруською, and takozh with polskoyu ukraїnskoyu - right-bank - gentry.

Some of the first visits of the new Board of Directors were completed by the initiative of Hetman Skoropadsky and Danil Apostol: settling the "Zwod" of Ukrainian law. For tsjogo it is recognized a comission from 12-oh osib, yaka zasidala in Moskvy. "Звід" закінчено тиільки in 1743 році під назвою "The rights on which Malorossi people are being judged "

З самого початку діяльність Правління Гетьманського Уряду викликала в Україні недодаволення. The sergeant-major of the new hetman. Тоді з Петербургу надіслано кн. Shakhovskoy taemnu інструкцію; The width of the middle of the population, the senses, the woes of all problems, the drownings, the taxpayers, the krivdi of the people, to resemble those of the hetman, and no lawless people. Alya dіysnist did not meet the chums.

In Pravelnyi pomyalas zmіni: Shakhovskogo zmіniv prince Baryatinsky, ts'goi zmіniv third ruler, etc. It is not without a doubt that while standing on the hill, he vno dіyalo sovііlno, not rahuyuchis with the inhabitants of the village that yogi zvichami and the hatred for the brutal leader.

Prince Baryatinsky ordered the arrest of the old archbishop Chernigivsky Ilyarion Rogalevsky for those who did not allow the russkiy capitana to reach the bristle. Rock 1737 vin punishing viareshtuvati vvez kievsky magistrat і to transport yogo arhiv to Petersburg, motivuychi tecim, sho miitsyany forget zmist its sovyh privilev. So it was led by the rulers, it is important that the hiker walk. General Minich, unhappiness with suas suits, sins of the member of the Board of Directors Andrija Markevich, filing a scrawl before the General Court. The court praised the vislati on the "Ukrainian Lynya" Markevichitch yak pardon kozakiv. Unhappiness of the Wyrook, Yak Nato of the lung, Mіnіh з'явився to the General Court і brutally вилаяв судів. Heavy handed over to all the znushchany of the Russian authorities, a senior sergeant experienced.

Prince Shakhovskoy vvazhal, scho russky detachment nato "pankaetsya" z Ukrainians and propounding the transfer of the whole of the ruler to one ruler - rosіyaninovi, obviously, peredachayuchi tsiu posudu for themselves. You can not forget, but in all the rock all Russia was stalled by the grave regime of the Tsaritsa Anni (1730-1740), the favorite, the brutal and brutal niece of Biron .

Teror pissed the " Mystery of the Stationery, " but, with little people's tarts, she made people laugh at the wicked, they did not foul smells. Behind the cyme were the strata on the wheels (kolesuvannya), on the dibas, on the pals, virizuvannya yazika, vidginannya hands, nig. Strashni words - "word i dilo" buli to the entrance to the denunciation, and the proprietors of the authorities guilty boules to arrest the person, was punished with the words in the Yaku. The word "i dilo" spread across all Ukraine and the post-italian, scary zagnozoi in order not to satisfy the wags of skin patchwork, a kind of manager who could say the terrible words. Defenses, guarantees, bezpeki not mav nihto. General summons Yakiv Lizogub, the first member of the Ukrainian group in Pravlinny, having recognized the evil-doers: the coward has been translated from him, the documents, the sheets have been collected.

Until the sun was down, Ike brought the Russian rulers with her, came to the ruins of statehood, sprinkled herself with Turechchina, and, after 1735, she was poached. To Ukraine, I have fallen in love with the tiger of the day. Крім fate козаків у війську, вона мусіла postachi харчі, вози, коней, волів для обозу, погоничів.

Війна почалася походидом російської армії на Крим етітку 1735 року. Yak і for tsaritsi Sofii, pokhid did not go through the fucking organisatsiya postchachanya. In these unvoiced adventures, 12,000 cossack horses perished. Rock 1736 похід почався under the command of Field Marshal Mіnіh, а я вів 54-тисячну армію, including 12.730 козаків. Tsi kozaki buli visnazheni, puzano ozbroyeni i half of them are not small horses. Until such a point, Ukraine will be brought to the press in 1736 rotsi. The number of great victims Mіnіh дійшов до Криму і здобув його столицю Уахчесарай, але мусів спішно відступити, бо в армії прокинулись пошесті. Mins lost half of the army. Especially in the wake of the bully in the Ukrainian part of the army.

On the cob of 1737, the Tatars retired to Poltava that Mirgorodsky regiments. The regiments also spent 7,000 people; Bugatokh of them the Tatars were hammered, the bagah was taken in full, they took away 10,000 horses, 150,000 sheep, that horned slaughter, having slept the village of Sili і hіtіrіv vony vіdіyshli. Zbitki narashovuvano on 345.000 karbovantsiv.

Not zvazhayuchi on vsі vtrati, in 1737 р. Почався новий похід на Очаків та Озів, in which I took the fate of the hetmansky, slobidsya and zaporizkі kozaki, at once, 50,000 choloviks. True, Ochakiv zdobuto, ale of the Ukrainians themselves has died down 5.000. They began to curl up their brains, they introduced the army into the invasion. After an hour the number of thousands of Ukrainian kozak residents in the colony of 40,000 horses, taken from Ukraine, has disappeared.

Gotoychis to a new campaign in 1738 rotsi, russkiy regiment zrekvizuvav in Ukraine 46,000 volov, zmobilizuvav 15,000 kozakiv and 50,000 villagers for oboziv. Російський міністер Волинський, переїжджаючи через Україну, писав Біронові: "The hliborobів, які потрібні, щоб засіятті хліб, пoбоб продудува сам іння has not been filled. Bagato laniv not seen. - I do not care about anyone, I do not care about the pratsyuvati, Bo Voliv, how to curtail things here, I got lost in the hour, and I fell asleep, now I'm picking up. At the very Nijensky regiment, 14,000 waves are taken, and the remaining regiments are taken away, I can not report on them anyway. "Alec did not spin off any further wimogs, but they placed Ukrainі Mіnіh, Bіron, Leslі tіnіshі nіmtsі on Moskvi services.

Rock 1738 російсько-українська армія broke through to the middle of the Krim і знову came through through the fiasco organisation. Pid an hour, the Tatars attacked the avant-garde of the Ukrainians and the heavy wretches. Lisha 1739 roku zakinchilasya vіyna, vaslidok anchor Rosіya distala part Pivdennoi Ukrainy, yaku is filled with Zaporizkiy Vіyskov.

Такі мізерні наслідки мали шестилітні походи, які коштували Україні косальних жерт. For the whole hour, the boule was attracted to Wijska 157.300 kozakiv, and that was 205,000 villagers, 34,200 of whom were 47,000 horses. Ukraine has recognized the cost of 1.5 million carbovincs - the colossal figure of yak at that hour, if you veiled koshtuvav peresichno 8 carb. Voliv that horse, taking the detachment at 146.355 carb., Obitsyauchi turn the tuyu suma - and not turning. Not turning і 140.138 carb. For proving that fodder. Sylske fell into a grievous state: in the Nijensk regiment, sho mav 140.000 population, having lived at 1.500.000 poods (24.570 tons), it was collected in 1737 rotsi more than 160.000 poods. Rosysky detachment, zagrozhuzhuychi karami, zaboroniv gnati gorilku. ALE Tse not rattled stanovishcha: Cossacks and villagers were hiked in campaigns, not boo to anyone siati. And in Ukraine stood in 1737 році 75 російких полків, in the number of 23 кінних, які poplenie мусіло утримувати. Rock 1738 was filled 50 polkiv. With a stretch of 25 rock, Ukraine could not turn to the front of the camp. Наслідком зубожіння збільшила втеча поселення за Дніпро, on Right Bank Ukraine: міста і села заповнювались там утікачами з Лівобережжя.

To Roca 1740, the tsarina Anna died and persecuted herself before the її племінниці Anni Leopoldivni, під регенством Бірона. Al's nebarom її usunuli і prestіl hired Єlisaveta, daughter of Peter 1.

Єlisaveta (1741-1761) contributed to the rule of the іnshey nature, сприятливіший for Ukraine. Німців usugali th zinіnyali rosіyanami. Nova tsaritsa bula uguzhena (morganaticheski) with the Ukrainian Cossack із villages Lemeshі з-під Козельця, Чернігівського полку, Олексієм Розумом . After all, the tsarist, Won seized the yogi in the royal chapel, until the well-known Spivak was acknowledged to the sound of Olexiy Rozum. Tsarivna Єlisaveta recognized the yogi as the steward of her mate, and opislja and disembodied him. Він дістав пізвище "Розумовський" і граський title. Oleksiy Rozumovsky vyyaviv great tact, did not get bogged down in the super powers, he was shrouded with the ukraine patriot and lapped the Єlisavet sympathy before Ukraine.

Rock 1744 Єlisaveta, prizhoruzhuyuchi in Ukraine, motivated in Kiev, de Sergeant beast zvervulasya to ne proizhnyam permissibly turn the hetman, and won gave his zgoda. Ale is the vibory of the hetman, who was seen at the camp, but the hetman became the hetman, the young brother of Oleksiy Rovumovskiy, Kirilo, a kind of boulevard of zamolodii. The identity of the yogi is worn out for the cordon, with the mentor, the Adjunct of the Academy of Sciences, G. Teplovim, de hearing in the lectures at the universities of Nimeccini, France, Italy. Kolya Kirilo believed in St. Petersburg, yogo was recognized as the president of the Academy of Sciences (yomu bulo and 18 rock). Він був оружений з родкую Єлисавети - Нарішкіною.

Rock 1746, if the President of the Rule of Hetmansky had died, Bibikov, the infidel yomu did not recognize the rule of Malorossiia Kolegia. To Rock 1745 the Kyiv metropolis was poured (the text of the arrests of Joasaph Krakowski in Kiev was made by the archbishop). Now, Archbishop Raphael Zaborivsky was the title of Metropolitan. To Rock 1747, the letter to the tsar was uttered to the Hetman.

Obrannya hetmana vidbulosya in Glukhov with the restrained condition of old traditions, with great purity. Prote, oskilki ostanni hetmani buli with a rosiyskim detachment, Skoropadsky and Apostol, could bouti without a Russian primus, bod offensive buli viznachnimi colonels, kindly inform in Ukraine, with great merits before Batkivshchyna, - Kirilo Rozumovskii zavdychuvav his "odnogolosne" obranya lishe tsaricinniy Ласці, бо ніхто в Україні, крім хіба односільчан, не знав цього 22-х літнього юнака, що до 15-ти років жив житм зчичайного сиільського хлопця в селі Лемеші. Але був і другий бік медалі: Україна нато hard terpіла під yarm Малоросійських Колегій, надто ненавиіла російських урядовців, і perspectives of the mother of the hetman bulah prabilbloyu for багаох українців.