Історія України - Полонська-Василенко Наталія: Том 2

Intrinsic mode

Naprikinsky 1780 roku tsarist order prokazvadzheno on Livoberezhniy Ukrain, the number of Getman, zagalorosіysky device. З 1781 року Hetmanshchina is subordinated to three cities: Kyiv, Chernigivka and Novgorod-Siversk. Малоросійську Колегію та українсьі устаноi: The General Court, the General Council and the Regimental Office are garbled; And zamist them zasnovano set rosіyskogo type: on mіssse vіysskogo court - the chamber criminality and "civil"; In kozhnі gubernії - zmіisty sudііv Grodskih those zemskih - поітові суди; On the face of the Viaskovo Scarlet - the chamber chambers; For the rights of the Myski - Magistrati, etc. Malorosysku Kolegia and the Viimski court are littered with timchasovo for completing the non-certified works. The regimental office is lined up for the viscous regiments of the regiments before the vijskovo reform. Pavlo 1 resuming the activities of the old order: the General and those judges. The Lithuanian Statute, yak chinneh right.

Vnaslіdok Tsikh reforms zanepalis older Gluhіv Misto, yak polіtychnoadmіnіstratsiyny is the cultural center of Ukraine Lіvoberezhnoї and natomіst Pocha zrostati Novgorod Sіversky, hundreds of small Misto, yak on the hour was deyaky oseredkom namіsnitstva. Before tsogo namіsnitstva included 11 povіtіv, roztashovanih on teritorії troh pіvnіchnih, naybagatshih th naykulturnіshih polkіv (Starodubskogo - tsіlkom i Chastain Nіzhenskogo that Chernіgіvskogo). On teritorii Novgorod-Siverskogo usisnitstva opredilisya dvі hetmansky capitals: Baturin і Glukhiv z їhnnimi іstorichnimi traditsiyami that vplyivoyu sergeant.

Novgorod-digit Sіversky becoming cultural oseredkom Ukraine: admіnіstratsіynі place the prityagali bagato uryadovtsіv, SSMSC worked svoї shlyaheyuskі organіzatsії, zasnovano here katedru novoї eparhії, head of public schools, the spiritual semіnarіyu, there gurtuvalisya kulturnі Sealy, vidatnі gromadskі dіyachі, pismenniki, Sereda yakih vinikaє .dumka About zasnuvannya university. Velike znachennya mali інші осередки намісництва: Київ з його Академією, Чернігів із Колегіюмом.

1784 рокуійський уряд скасував козацький устрій України. Замість 10 козацьких полків there are 10 carabineers, 6 skinned at the skin. In them, the corps of "Malorossiia kinnota" was deposited. The reform was not brought to the bunk, but the regiments of the territorial authorities were protected, and the Ukrainska foreman was in charge of them. In the Russian army, the regiments of the caravans were themselves an autonomous organza.

Карабінерні полки в Україні зберігали багато рис старої української козацької оргаізації. The ordinary cossacks of the old regiment were the Cossacks of the old regiment, the command storehouse-the regimental colony of regiments and the hundred-first sergeant.

At the Starodubsky Regiment the first commander of the Bouvet Colonel ї. Maximovich, the ungood of Mazepin. Yogi zmіniv u 1789 rotsі colonel M. Miklashevsky, great-grandson of mazepintsya.

Reform itself - peretvorennya Kozatska polkіv on reґulyarnі - viklikala bike nezadovolennya starshinskoї masi that ordinary kozatstva, Especially, if roku 1788 shelf podіleno: Starodubsky, Chernіgіvsky, Nіzhensky, Kievskiy that Gluhіvsky zalisheno yak "vazhkokіnnі" and Pereyaslavsky, Lubensky that INSHI become "legkokіnnimi "

Disappointment in Ukraine by the deputy carabine regiments of the cossack boulos is so great, it's been a while since the village of Turechchino has been filled with the thought of renewing the cossack regiments. Rock 1788 V. Kapigist submitted the Catherine II project, the name of the maw: "The situation on which the army of the hunting Cossacks can be recruited". Tse Bulo b, V. Kapnіsta at Dumka, okreme, factuality not zv'yazane s rosіyskoyu armієyu Kozatska vіysko s dobrovіltsіv s teams, scho skladalasya b іz starshinukraїntsіv, obranih Cossacks.

Prote not zvazhayuchi on tyazhkі zovnіshnі minds - bo tіlkischo Pocha znovu vіyna s Turechchinoyu - O. Bezborod'ko, perekonany opponent Hetmanate, vislovivsya s tsogo drive negatiano: okremіshnіst ukrajins'koho vіyska that vibornіst Dear vіn for rechі nebezpechnі. At the same hour G. Potyomkin, nadіsnik Pіvdennoї Україні, vvazhav tse project duzhe korossnim i radav to take for zrasok Donske visko. Katerina II takozh poshilno put to the project, spodiivaychis, scho before kozatskogo vіyska mozhut priadnatis vtіkachi pravoberezhnoї Ukraine. Alle realizatsya the ball of the bullet was transferred to Pivdennu Ukraine, and in the 1790s the Potomokin was proclaimed "The Great Hetman of the Cossack Cossacks of the Katerinoslavsky and Chornomorski Viskys". Tse boolo not the ones that Hoti Kapnist ta yogo ododumtsi.

Ліквідація українських установ та полків робила величезний перерот у соціяльних відносинах України. Dozens of detainees and elders, but Mali vplyivi sit, zvilneno. Більша частина з дістали значні пости в нових already, російських, establishments і змінили українські раніи на російські, відповідно to "Table of Ranks" of Peter 1. The colonels became brigadiers. Dehto із старши зробив при цьому велику кар'єру вже в Росії або in російських установові України. Colonel Kiivskyi Oleksander Bezborodko, cynic of the eminent general clerk, zbobiv nazvichaynu kar'єru: vіn becoming secretary of Katerini II, and for Paul - nayasnіshim prince that chancellor of the Russian Empire. O. Bezborodka, characterizing the history of law, B. Nolde, with these words: "one of the most memorable articles, of which the imperial bureaucracy from the time of Peter the Great worked up to Mikoli II's turn on". The attendant Bezborodka, P. Zavadovskiy, after securing the kar'єr by the secretary of the Malorossiyskoy Kolegії, закінчив її with the title of count, yak міністер освіти. Prior to the high posts, there were other participants: V. Kochubey, with the title of Prince, Buv Veccekantslerom, D. Troshchinsky - Ministry of Justice and Justice and others.

Багато представників української старшини посіли видатні posts in Україні-in the Russian institutions: 1. Гудович з 1798 року був as the governor of the Malorossiyskoe guberniya; A. Miloradovich from 1781 to the fate - the ruler of Chernigivsky nasisnitsv; P. Koropchevsky rock 1797 дійшов до посади віцегубернатора Малоросійської губернії: М. Микла шевський з 1797 року був civіnym governor of the Malorossiyskoy guberniya; З року 1785 намісником Новгородсіверським був колишній генний суддя 1. Журман; Vychevbernatorom - the guards of the ruler became V. Tumansky, a collusion member of the Malorossiyskoy Kolegії, and the ninth one, from 1785 to the fate - the rest of the colonel Starodubsky, Ya. Zavadovsky. ^

Provincial Marshals of Buli: Katerinoslavskim - M. Kapnist (1795); Kiivsky - V. Kapnist (1785). Novgorodsky Marshal Bouvet sings O. Lobisevich, and Chernigivsky - A. Poletika. The target was in 1785-1788 rock.