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Polіtichna ekonomіya - Ohanian GA

1.3. Ekonomichna suspіlstva system

1. Sutnіst i strukturnі Elements ekonomіchnoї system.

2. Principle Budova Economy.

3. Structure ekonomіchnih vіdnosin.

Sutnіst ekonomіchnoї system її strukturnі Elements

Ekonomichna system whether yakogo suspіlstva, a method of abo іnshogo virobnitstva Je organіchnoyu warehouses sotsіalnoї system. Sotsіalna system yak uporyadkovana tsіlіsnіst ohoplyuє sotsіalnі spіlnoti th okremih іndivіdіv, ob'єdnanih spetsifіchnimi that rіznomanіtnimi vzaєmovіdnosinami and takozh zv'yazkami. Basics sotsіalnoї system tobto skin suspіlstva, Je Ekonomichna system. Reason nayvazhlivіshoї rolі ekonomіchnoї system in zhittі suspіlstva polyagaє in fact scho ekonomіka - tse basis іsnuvannya Kraina. Vid become Economy, steps її rozvinenostі deposits Location kozhnoї powers have svіtovіy spіlnotі, rіven oboronozdatnostі, Dobrobut people.

Sutnіst ekonomіchnoї Sistemi viznachaєtsya i s time deposits od Tim konkretnoї іstorichnoї sukupnostі ekonomіchnih vіdnosin, yak vіdpovіdaє Pevnyi rіvnyu rozvitku productive forces i rozvivaєtsya on osnovі dії ob'єktivnih ekonomіchnih zakonіv i sub'єktivnih chinnikіv. Saying to Іnakshe, Ekonomichna system - tse of vast dії virobnichih vіdnosin i productive forces and їh VZAYEMODIYA harakterizuє sukupnіst vidіv that organіzatsіynih gospodaryuvannya forms.

Strukturnі ekonomіchnoї Elements of the system:

• virobnichі vіdnosini;

• produktivnі Sealy suspіlstva;

• mehanіzm gospodaryuvannya.

Strukturnі Elements ekonomіchnoї Sistemi Je vodnochase її pіdsistemami. Mainly nayvazhlivіshoyu Lanka ekonomіchnoї Sistemi Je virobnichі vіdnosini, SSMSC viznachayut Glibin process for the formation of skin virobnitstva. Rozglyanemo, napriklad, rabovlasnitsky i feudal mode virobnitstva. Schonaypershe, denote the stench vіdrіznyayutsya odne od one - tse form vlasnostі on zasobi virobnitstva i on Lyudin: rabovlasnik CCB Povny volodіltsem zasobіv virobnitstva i slave ( "znaryaddya pratsі scho talk"), yakogo vіn mіg prodatsya abo navіt killed; for feodalіzmu pomіschik, zalishayuchis vlasnikom zemlі that іnshih zasobіv virobnitstva, vzhe not the right to drive a MAV krіpaka Svoge and in okremih kraїnah Zahіdnoї Єvropi - navіt prodatsya. Virobnichі vіdnosini, kernel yakih Je vіdnosini vlasnostі (stink not totozhnі, yak vvazhayut okremі author, oskіlki to virobnichih vіdnosin, krіm vіdnosin vlasnostі, nalezhat vіdnosini rozpodіlu, planomіrnіst toscho; so very, yak Sonyachna system skladaєtsya not deprivation іz Sontsya and second іz virgins 'Yati great planets їh suputnikіv, velikoї kіlkostі Malih planets that іn.) vistupayut suspіlnoyu forms of productive forces. Virobnichі vіdnosini i produktivnі Sealy - tse form i zmіst virobnitstva the method and time іz nadbudovoyu - formatsії.

Stupіn rozvitku productive forces suspіlstva - kvalіfіkatsіyny rіven virobnikіv i rozvitok tehnіki - viznachaє efektivnіst, rezultativnіst ekonomіchnoї system rіven produktivnostі pratsі, zreshtoyu, materіalny Dobrobut population. Suchasnі produktivnі Sealy potrebuyut not deprivation zbalansovanostі mіzh Galuzo th pіdgaluzyami national Gospodarstwa Kraina, and often the first sinhronnostі їh Act reasonably. Yakscho, napriklad, s outward chi bavovni virobili Pevnyi Quantity pryadiva and tkatskі factory Kraina not zmozі pererobiti yogo in tkaninu, then torn down tse oznachatime balance mіzh Galuzo scho neminuche prizvede to materіalnih vtrat. Produktivnі Seeley not deprivation viznachayut rіven produktivnostі suspіlnoї pratsі and second zmіnyuyut navkolishnє seredovische, with yak at bіk polіpshennya, napriklad have rezultatі pobudovi dams Grebel for zapobіgannya povenyam, nasadzhennya lіsіv toscho so i decals at bіk pogіrshennya ekologіchnogo will have razі viniknennya nebezpeki man-made disasters.

Tretіy structural yelement ekonomіchnoї system - mehanіzm gospodaryuvannya - tse funktsіonalny bіk virobnichih vіdnosin, yaky vіdobrazhaє vzaєmodіyu ostannіh s productive forces i nadbudovoyu. Before Demba nalezhat glibinnі, dokorіnnі, sutnіsnі vіdnosini - vіdnosini vlasnostі i poverhnevі - organіzatsіynі structure is the konkretnі FORMS gospodaryuvannya. Otzhe, gospodarsky mehanіzm - tse sukupnіst organіzatsіynih structures, concrete forms gospodaryuvannya i metodіv upravlіnnya, SSMSC bazuyutsya on Pevnyi vіdnosinah vlasnostі. Gospodarsky mehanіzm on vіdmіnu od virobnichih vіdnosin, Je poverhnevim ball, scho not zmenshuє yogo values ​​i rolі in funktsіonuvannі ekonomіchnih systems Aje just past about mehanіzm gospodaryuvannya cutaneous method of virobnitstva, about the shape realіzatsії panuyuchoї vlasnostі on zasobi virobnitstva, about viyavlennya i poєdnannya ekonomіchnih іnteresіv suspіlstva . Krіm organіzatsіynih structures productive forces scho vistupayut in concrete forms suspіlnogo podіlu pratsі, gospodarsky mehanіzm vklyuchaє methodological upravlіnnya, values ​​yakih dedalі bіlshe zrostaє, nadbudovnі vіdnosini - pravovі, polіtichnі, sotsіalnі i vіdpovіdnі їm organіzatsіynі structure. Takozh mehanіzm gospodaryuvannya - tse mehanіzm dії that vikoristannya ekonomіchnih zakonіv.

Ekonomichna system is a method of skin virobnitstva - pervіsnoobschinnogo, rabovlasnitskogo feudal abo kapіtalіstichnogo - porodzhuє іmanentnі їy ekonomіchnі Zakoni i mehanіzm funktsіonuvannya that rozvitku. Ekonomіchnі Law - tse Zakoni suspіlnih Act reasonably lyudstva. Pong The basic tendentsіya viyavlyayutsya yak, scho toruє sobі Way krіz usyu sukupnіst yavisch i protsesіv. Ekonomіchnі Law - tse tipovі, stіyki, povtoryuvanі, cause-naslіdkovі zv'yazki i zalezhnostі. Same stink viznachayut magіstralnі eg rozvitku whether yakoї dіlyanki national Gospodarstwa Kraina.

On vіdmіnu od Yurydychna zakonіv, uhvalyuvanih parliaments ekonomіchnі Zakoni ob'єktivnі. Bagato vchenih ob'єktivnіst viniknennya th іsnuvannya ekonomіchnih zakonіv poyasnyuyut tim, scho not stink of stale od Volya th svіdomostі people. The I Hoca ekonomіchnі Zakoni naspravdі od people just do not stale, Absent vіdpovіdі to food, stale stench od chogo. Vіdomy teachings akademіk A. Chukhno s tsogo drive obedient zauvazhiv, scho not mozhna whether yak yavische have to chislі ekonomіchne, poyasnyuvati tim, scho vono od chogos not deposits, more Absent zhodnogo Explanation abo vіdpovіdі. Naspravdі, chogo Wart, pripustіmo, tverdzhennya "Narazі in Kiєvі wounds, that scho Tse did not deposits od yogo zhitelіv". Je w reason chomu if at Kiєvі wounds, from Buenos Ayresі Vechir, abo if Ukraїnі in Osin, in Argentinі - spring (obertannya Zemlі Navkolo svoєї osі th Navkolo Sontsya). Teper horse does not put the cart behind, and there de vіn Got Booty - popered.

Reason ob'єktivnostі ekonomіchnih zakonіv polyagaє in fact, scho stink viplivayut s minds that materіalnogo nematerіalnogo Butt suspіlstva i have panuyuchih nomu virobnichih vіdnosin. Otzhe being ob'єktivnimi, ekonomіchnі laws are not stale od abo svіdomostі Volya people.

Principi Budova ekonomіchnoї system yak i dzherela її Ruhu, Je chat naslіdkom sutnostі, zmіstu ekonomіchnoї system. Mozhna viokremiti takі three principles її Budova:

• ієrarhіchnіst;

• ruhomіst;

• superechlivіst.

Rozglyadayuchi ієrarhіchnu Budova ekonomіchnoї system Sered її elementіv viokremlyuyut nayvazhlivіshі, s one side, i Mensch vazhlivі - s іnshogo. Tsіlkom zrozumіlo scho nayvazhlivіshy yelement ekonomіchnoї system - virobnichі vіdnosini. Viznachalna role virobnichih vіdnosin in ієrarhії ekonomіchnoї Sistemi poyasnyuєtsya tim, scho Tsikh Strizhen vіdnosin - vіdnosini panuyuchoї vlasnostі on zasobi virobnitstva zumovlyuyut way suspіlstva skin; All Lots Other - naslіdki panuyuchoї in pevnіy kraїnі FORMS vlasnostі (kapіtalіstichnoї, feodalnoї abo rabovlasnitskoї). Same vіdnosini vlasnostі zumovlyuyut sotsіalno-ekonomіchnu nature of the method virobnitstva, yogo zagalnі that spetsifіchnі ekonomіchnі laws, character zv'yazkіv mіzh usіma sub'єktami ekonomіchnoї system - іndivіdami, collectives, organіzatsіyami i pіdpriєmstvami; takі zv'yazki Je rіznimi іnformatsіynimi flows.

Same principle zavdyaki ієrarhіchnostі Ekonomichna system suspіlstva Got organіchny i ​​tsіlіsny character usі її Elements rozmіschuyutsya zgori bottom fallow od їh znachuschostі, rolі, yak stink vіdіgrayut in ekonomіchnih processes. Without tsogo tsіlіsna sukupnіst elementіv ekonomіchnoї Sistemi bula b nemozhlivoyu, Tse LUVs bi chaotic ruh elementіv. Principle ієrarhіchnostі peredbachaє subordinatsіyu, tobto pіdporyadkuvannya Mensch vazhlivih elementіv ekonomіchnoї Sistemi suspіlstva Main. Zrozumіlo scho vertical type subordinatsії zhorstkіshy, stupіn pіdporyadkovanostі nabagato glibshy, nіzh for gorizontalnoї zalezhnostі, if vіdnosini pom'yakshuyutsya, nabuvayuchi nature of the partnership. Іsnuyuchy mehanіzm subordinatsії elementіv ekonomіchnoї Sistemi suspіlstva Je viznachalnim, oskіlki OAO All її Elements spіvіsnuyut in glibokomu, organіchnomu vzaєmozv'yazku that vzaєmodії, and zvorotny phone reception, іmpulsi i signal znizu for vazhlivіstyu mozhut not postupat tim, scho nadhodyat zgori.

Another principle pobudovi ekonomіchnoї Sistemi suspіlstva Je її ruhomіst. Rіch in fact, scho cutaneous suspіlstvo not caught Yea, vono postіyno is staying at rusі, protsesі for Change i peretvoren. Aje itself Ekonomichna zmіnyuєtsya system vdoskonalyuєtsya have suspіlstvі vіdbuvayutsya rіznі polіtekonomіchnі processes, SSMSC primushuyut vdavatisya to Pevnyi Act reasonably, іnodі navіt asymmetry indices. Tse i stosuєtsya nayblagopoluchnіshih kraїn Zahіdnoї Єvropi i Pіvnіchnoї America, if zmіna tsіni naphtha Mauger prizvesti to ruynіvnih naslіdkіv for vsogo gospodarskogo mehanіzmu, yak Tse stood at 70 Rokach XX century. Sche bіlshoyu mіroyu tse stosuєtsya kraїn svitu Thirdly, SSMSC neschodavno zvіlnilisya od kolonіalnoї zalezhnostі od Powers metropolіy. Godі th Casati about up Ukraine, de 90-x Rokach vіdbulosya two downright geologіchnі evils - perehіd od admіnіstrativno-komandnoї system before rinkovoї, s one side, vihіd s Radyans'ka Union vnaslіdok yogo rozpadu that zdobuttya Nezalezhnosti - s іnshogo. Identity is not a wonder, scho Kraina Ekonomichna system nashoї arrogant vіdchutnogo bearing-down strike, scho sprichiniv Nadzvychaina sytuatsia ekonomіchnu protracted crises.

Tretіm principle pobudovi ekonomіchnoї Sistemi Je superechlivіst. Crisis in nashіy derzhavі Mauger sluguvati characteristic butt quietly folding problems SSMSC vinikli at national gospodarstvі Ukraine through karkolomne pіdvischennya tsіn on rosіyskі energonosії scho sprichinilo ruynatsіyu nashoї Economy on the cob 90 rokіv. Mi bachimo nayavnіst absolutely rіznih warehouses vseredinі ekonomіchnoї system i tse not Mauger not stvoryuvati and vіdtak i pogliblyuvati rіzhnogo ґatunku "nestikovki" rozbіzhnostі.

Nayglibshoyu superechnіstyu ekonomіchnoї Sistemi suspіlstva Je superechnіst mіzh productive forces i virobnichimi vіdnosinami. Ob'єktivny ekonomіchny law vіdpovіdnostі virobnichih vіdnosin rіvnyu i nature of productive forces vtіlyuєtsya povnіstyu іnkoli deprivation. Uprodovzh trivalih perіodіv іstorії Tsey law for Vislova Marx, zdіysnyuєtsya through svoє nezdіysnennya. Here superechnіst mіzh virobnichimi vіdnosinami suspіlstva i yogo productive forces bare. Nayglibsha reason tsієї superechnostі polyagaє in stalostі, konservativnostі virobnichih vіdnosin, zmіniti SSMSC oznachaє on sutі zmіniti sposіb virobnitstva, napriklad, feodalіzm on kapіtalіzm, Je scho Duzhe folding processes. Produktivnі Well Seeley zaznayut bezperervnih іmpulsіv to rozvitku, to scho SAME virobnitstvo, usі yogo the Branch potrebuyut systematic zasobіv pratsі do updates, zrostannya profesіynogo, kvalіfіkatsіynogo rіvnya virobnikіv, nevpinnogo NAUKOVO-tehnіchnogo Progreso.

Superechnіst pomіzh virobnichimi vіdnosinami i productive forces rozv'yazuєtsya for Relief for Change nasampered in tsarinі vlasnostі - here smut field abo galmuvannya sotsіalno-ekonomіchnogo rozvitku Kraina, abo, navpaki, її pіdnesennya bearing-down. Napriklad, pіslya zaprovadzhennya nonempty in CPCP 20-x Rokach XX century. zavdyaki allowed prodavatsya on Rink Vlasnyi produktsіyu for vіlnimi tsіnami i naymati robіtnikіv that vstanovlennyu factuality rinkovih vіdnosin for naykorotshy termіn Krajina alive, Pocha Shvydko zrostati virobnitstvo have to chislі predmetіv national spozhivannya, vіdtak uniquely polіpshivsya zhittєvy rіven people zmіtsnivsya ruble. I, navpaki, іz zaprovadzhennyam 30-x Rokach kolgospno-krіpatskogo fret Krajina on dovgі desyatirіchchya zanurilas have sup defіtsitіv vsogo i all. Pid Suchasnyj time kardinalnі zrushennya in virobnichih vіdnosinah, nasampered vіdnosinah vlasnostі, stvoryuyut usі mozhlivostі for ekonomіchnogo rozkvіtu Ukraine.

Okrіm nayvazhlivіshoї dіlyanki - vіdnosin vlasnostі, Je (Hoch i do not takoї crowbars) dіlyanka rozpodіlu de takozh sporadically vinikayut problemi i superechnostі, SSMSC potrebuyut yaknayshvidshogo rozv'yazannya, іnakshe sponukalnі motivates to kraschoї pratsі, pіdvischennya її produktivnostі scho recently dіyali bezvіdmovno, pochinayut not spratsovuvati. Tom at razі viniknennya require slіd svoєchasno zmіnyuvati FORMS i Sistemi zarobіtnoї robіtnikіv pay, payment pratsі іnshih trudіvnikіv. So needless th INSHI Elements ekonomіchnoї Sistemi takozh potrіbno systematically udoskonalyuvati.

Koli vіdzhivaє svoє whole system virobnichih vіdnosin, Yakscho navіt kapіtalnim "repair" has not nіchogo mozhna dosyagti, tse svіdchit about gliboku nevilіkovnu Creasy samoї ekonomіchnoї Sistemi suspіlstva, i qiu system brought zamіniti іnshoyu. For Tsikh minds radically Change log zaznayut not deprivation vіdnosini vlasnostі, rozpodіlu, OOO All virobnichі vіdnosini. At Taku Dobou nadbudova all - power, right, polіtika - Got Booty zamіnena іnshoyu, a new, Sebti with such a scho vіdpovіdaє new basis. Without takoї vіdpovіdnostі ekonomіchnі processes in suspіlstvі strimuyutsya, galmuyutsya, stvoryuєtsya Novi spectrum superechnostey, scho negatively on poznachaєtsya vsomu narodnogospodarskomu organіzmі. Napriklad in Ukraїnі іsnuє nagalna go od require direct sovereign upravlіnnya low virobnichih Galuzo to oposeredkovanogo, oskіlki nadmіrne Reigning vtruchannya generally produces up zbіlshennya kіlkostі superechnostey in suspіlstvі, stvoryuє novі problem. Narazі in kraїnі rozpochato dokorіnnu upravlіnnya reform, yak Got vіdpovіdati іstotnim novatsіyam at national gospodarstvі. Gliboka structural perebudova national Gospodarstwa potrebuє adekvatnoї korektsії metodіv sovereign upravlіnnya, yak zdіysnyuєtsya Normal tsivіlіzovanim Shlyakhov without revolyutsіynih spleskіv, ruynuvannya usogo i all.