Кредитно-розрахункові операції - Мілай А.О.

Розділ 2 Organizing a credit process with a bank

2.1. Principles of credit

Vazhlivet znachennya for efektivnoi organizatsii credit loans in banks and banks, that clay the principle of bank loans. Bank loans are due to the following principles:

• Turned;

• string;

• the nature of the character;

• lack of security;

• pay a loan.

The principle of turning is to be understood as the sutnist of the pose. Realization of the whole principle is meant, that is, koshi, nadanі viglyadі poziks, servuyut lishe timchasovim dzherel popovnennya obivovi kostyv abo koshtiv, admission to the capital contribution of receivables, and to the registration of the terminated money, the bank is turned over to the commercial bank. In his chervon, it is such a principle, as string. Pozika mia bouti is turned into the zazdalegdem obromovleniya termin, zgіdno iz signs in ugodi zobov'azannami poschalnika. Tse termin viznachaetsya actual lines of obogu credit koshtiv on pidpriemstvah, yakі otrimali posku. Poverennennya that strovkosti lentuvannya stimulate ratsionalnye vikoristanna koshtiv. Necessity of extinguishing the position of the visions of the terminality of the relationship to the effective vicaristan of the otrymnogo credit, and of the zemogu komertsiynomu bank vikonati svoї zobov'yanya before klієntami, koshi yakikh vіn vikoristvuє yak zapozichchenі resursi.

Від дотримання принципів строковості та повернення loan to be covered with the possibility of adding new poses, one-off loans to one's resources, crediting є poverennya rannіs vidnih pozk. Porushennya tsikh prilozhenіv lentuvannya prizvodit to peretvorennya strokovoy zaborgovanosti for the stitches on prostrochenu. When povshennі termіnіv poverennya і at nayavnosti prostrocheniyah pozknov ly, as a rule, not nadaтьсяutsya.

The value of the credit is granted to the contribution of positional koshtiv in particular gospodarskie process, design, go. Loan nadaetsya poshchalniku zazvichai for a specific metu, and not the same, but in gnogo vinikla nagalna demand in kostah. Від дотримання цього дирегія bahato in chomu to lay svoechastnost poverennya poziks, tom tiolki realizatsya meti, yaku credit is secured, you can save the necessary cash for repayment of the borgo.

The principle of trouble-free peso zahistiti intorsi bank, do not allow zbitkіv vіd neververennnya borgu vasledіd neplatosprozhdomnosti poshchalnika. In other words, protiv zaborgovanosty for the poses, yaka vidobrazhaetsya in the balance of the klієnt-borzhnika, maє bouti pevne meno (poko abo tsinnyi papery), scho vrahovuyutsya in the active yogo balance, abo zobov'yanya third of the birds to repay the bank to the bank (garantiї, gratuchnitsva tochno) . Zabezpechenist nadanyh bank posk zmenenshue rizik otrimannya zbitkiv, oskilki dotrimannya chyogo principle guarantee korotennya posichcheny koshtiv. Rozmіr ta see zabezpechennya lie in the fіnansovogo camp of the poschalnik, mind pose, відносин із почальником.

Deykі credit you can nadavatisya і without zabezpechennya, yakshcho bank on the price of its zgodu.

Takі credit in bankівськіі practice loan is nazivayutsya blankovymi. Visitsnitost zabezpechenchennya mozhe budi sprinkin yak obektivnymi reasons, if ekonomichnaya nature credit does not vneshachaet contribution koshtiv u materіalnі tsinnosti (napriklad, credit for payment zabobitnogo paysi, vistavlennya accredivivіv tochno), so і sub'ektivnimi, if the bank is on tse svidomo, Insuring against the piracy of the risik with high positivity.

In the process of credit, the bank of the bank does not rely on its positions, but on the payment for it. Realizatsiya tііїї vitogi means zdіysnennya principle pobostnost credit. In the minds of the Rinkoviks, vidosinov vidsootok є obektivnym suhutnikom credit, yogo storozhevoyu, oskilki credit operatіya - tse act komercicnogo sale kostyv for the past hour. For rahunok vidsotkiv banks to bend their own vitrati that oderzhuyut pribudok. Відсоток є також one із засобів managing the sub-groovy turnover, but zasosovuyutsya central bank kraїni. Відсоток - tse tsіna poziks, shоo formе in uryahuvannіm попиту та пропозиції, яка folded on a penny market on poskivi кошти.

Відсоткові rates viznachayutsya terminom vikoristannya pozki, risikom neplatosprozhdomnosti poshchalnika, the nature of nada zabezpechennya, rivnem okupnostі project, scho lentuyutsya, rivnem vіdsotkovyh rates of bankovі ta іnshimi factors and installed in differentiated for kotoryu credit.

Відсоткові rates poki mozut bouti fіksovaniemi ta floating, tse takozh vysnachaetsya umovami credit agreement. Фіксовані відсоткові rates zalishayutsya nezmіnnimi for the entire perіоd дії угоди. Floating rates are collinear in the minds of the pennies and, as a rule, lie in the Central Bank's regional rates. Okrіm addition, on їх rozmіr vplyivayut vidsotki for deposits, popit іpropositsіya on kreditnі resursi , and takozh stan ekonomiki t fіnansіv poschalnika. Zalizhno vіd zmіni tsikh vzrazdovyh bank mozhe pereglyadyati umovi kreditnoy ugod obovyazykovym povidomlennjam poschal'nika.

In case of unjustified payment of visas for credit to the credit, through the presence of cash on the cashless deposit of the bank accountant, the right to charge a penalty for a leathery day is stitched out in the payment for a loan, which is to be loaned.