Strahuvannya - Osadets SS

13.3. Strahuvannya land transport

Avtomobіlny terrestrial transport - naybіlsh nablizheny to people zasіb peresuvannya. Yakscho sprichinennya Skoda gromadyanam through zіtknennya s water transport for zvichaynih minds maloymovіrne (people peresuvayutsya samotuzhki on vodі) s povіtryanim transport zіtknennya mozhlive tіlki pid hour avіatsіynoї catastrophe іz zalіznichnim transport - deprivation in razі peretinannya zalіznichnoї kolії, then s avtomobіlnim transport Lyudin stikaєtsya postіyno, and vіch-on-vіch. W one side - tse naydostupnіshy i nayzruchnіshy form of transport, and h іnshogo - nastіlki Well i nebezpechny. Ground transportation, yak ob'єkt pіdvischenoї nebezpeki, Nese rizik dovkіllyu, i Especially Zhittya that Zdorov'ya people and himself vodnochase dosit Part I easily staє ob'єktom ushkodzhennya.

Meals pіdvischennya nadіynostі, mіtsnostі, zahischenostі toscho postіyno sponukayut konstruktorіv that іnzhenerіv to stvorennya dedalі nadіynіshih the agriculture zasobіv, Aje prirodnі Sealy, stihіynі Lehigh Road transportnі suitable that protipravnі dії zavdayut chimaloї Skoda vlasnikam the agriculture zasobіv, to strahuvannya zasobіv land transport koristuєtsya naybіlshim popitom porіvnyano Zi strahuvannyam іnshih vidіv transport.

So, for danimi Ukrstrahnaglyadu, 1996 Year strahuvannya ground transportation for zіbranimi premіyami dosyaglo 14.5% in zagalnomu obsyazі Mainova strahuvannya, obіgnavshi in kіlka razіv for CIM pokaznikom strahuvannya Casco morskih that povіtryanih vessels.

Populyarnіst i popit on Tsey view strahuvannya in rozvinenih kraїnah nastіlki velikі scho deyakі strahovі kompanії proponuyut ukladati Treaty strahuvannya phone.

HEAD rizikom znischennya abo poshkodzhennya transport zasobu Je road traffic handy (RTA). For danimi MBC Ukraїnі skoyuєtsya schorіchno priblizno 40 tis. S lyudskimi accident victims in yakih Gines to 5 tis. i travmuєtsya 40 tis. osіb. Quantity accident without zapodіyannya Skoda Zhittya i Health Protection in zagalnoderzhavnomu obsyazі not oblіkovuєtsya, ale for ekspertnimi otsіnkami such accident skoyuєtsya 150-200 yew. of the Year.

The very road traffic Prigoda Got some characteristic of randomness pokaznikіv schodo Georeferencing, nastannya hour, seniority vodіya i t. Іn.

Napriklad, hope usіh 30% of accidents in the regional centers of vіdbuvaєtsya, naybіlsha Quantity accident pripadaє on Zhovten, yaky for pokaznikami avarіynostі mayzhe vdvіchі viperedzhaє lyuty that berezen and after hour Dobie Levova chastka accident pripadaє on vechіrnі Godin "pіk".

Іsnuє dosit tsіkava zalezhnіst іmovіrnostі nastannya accident od vodіya seniority. Napriklad, vodії Zi to experience a rock їzdyat oberezhno i skoyuyut for less then vsіh avarіy. Bіlsh nіzh udvіchі chastіshe porіvnyano s novachkami skoyuyut avarії vodії Zi experience od 6 to 10 rokіv scho poyasnyuєtsya znizhennyam pilnostі that uwagi. Rasht vodіїv posіdayut Location poseredinі mіzh tsimi EYAD GROUP, ale vodії Zi experience 10 - 15 rokіv їzdyat descho maintained upstream.

When viznachennі vіrogіdnostі nastannya accident vrahovuyut takozh i INSHI factors. So, pomіcheno scho avtomobіlі yaskravih kolorіv - chervonі, zhovtі - less then potryaplyayut in an accident, she nіzh sіrі chornі.

Usі tsі factorization slіd urahovuvati at viznachennі rate in razі ukladannya contract strahuvannya on vipadok poshkodzhennya zasobu vnaslіdok vehicle accident. Great vіrogіdnіst nastannya accident porіvnyano s protipravnimi dіyami kompensuєtsya slim zbitkovіstyu tsogo riziku, yaky becoming at serednomu 2-5 yew. UAH to serednіy mailing CIM rizikom becoming 1.5-3.5%.

Іnshih digit zbitkіv zavdayut protipravnі dії tretіh osіb, vikradennya that the agriculture pograbuvannya zasobіv. Zauvazhimo, scho at ukladannі contract strahuvannya Povny Casco rate od vikradennya becoming bіlsh yak half in chasttsі insurance rate dosyagaє i blizko 4-6%. Tse mayzhe poyasnyuєtsya 100% -oyu zbitkovіstyu strahovoї sumi. Tobto in razі nastannya insurance vipadku neobhіdno viplachuvati all Strakhov scrip. Before w Taqiy "Insurance vipadok" dosit easily sfalsifіkuvati. Tom bіlshіst strahovikіv uzagalі not take on the agriculture strahuvannya zasobіv od kradіzhki. In razі g of acceptance of such riziku zastosovuyut velikі rozmіri franchise.

Tsey rizik Got svoї osoblivostі. Rizik pograbuvannya deposits nasampered od prestizhnostі avtomobіlya, Georeferencing yogo zberіgannya, nayavnostі receptionists pristroїv that signalіzatsії, termіnu ekspluatatsії transport zasobu.

Sche one grupa rizikіv - stihіynі dashing. Here sub'єktivnі factor not vplivayut on vіrogіdnіst nastannya zbitkіv. Location digit in tsomu pitannі posіdaє regіon ekspluatatsії transport zasobu. Rate od stihіynih lih rіdko perevischuє 1%.

Ukrainian insurers proponuyut rіznomanіtnі minds strahuvannya zasobіv ground transport. Ale rіdko mozhna Know Strakhov kompanіyu, yak took used to strahuvannya avtomobіl od usіh rizikіv, Square od Kraina yogo virobnitstva i termіnu ekspluatatsії. The I tse zrozumіlo: starі avtomobіlі i naybіlsh prestizhnі modelі nalezhat to the category s pіdvischenim rizikom. Pershi bіlshe poterpayut in an accident, and will melt drugі chastіshe ob'єktom for vikradennya.

Sered minds strahuvannya Je number naybіlsh poshirenih obmezhen and the Same:

  • not priymayutsya on strahuvannya legkovі avtotransportnі zasobi that prichіpi to them termіn ekspluatatsії yakih s time Key infrastructure їh by the vigotovlyuvachem perevischuє 10 rokіv;
  • not priymayutsya on strahuvannya od hijacking legkovі avtotransportnі zasobi vsіh brands, not obladnanі protiugonnimi attach;
  • do not take the insurance pid Zahist baggage;
  • do not take the insurance pid Zahist Sklo of motor zasobіv, scho Got whether SSMSC poshkodzhennya i defects;
  • not vіdshkodovuyutsya zbitki such vipadkah:
  • poshkodzhennya (znischennya) tires motor zasobu that tires mounted on prichіpah to Demba, SSMSC zavdanі vnaslіdok Ruhu th sprichinili not an accident;
  • kradіzhki kolіs have to chislі spare mounted on a motor that zasobі prichіpah to Demba, Yakscho kradіzhka kolіs steel okremo without hijacking abo vikradennya motor zasobu chi prichepa.

W look around to rіznomanіtnіst rizikіv scho dіyut on transport zasіb, їh dotsіlno viznachati okremo. Tse daє zmogu Nadachi contract strahuvannya nayoptimalnіshoї form, poєdnavshi nabіr rizikіv s fіnansovimi mozhlivostyami strahuvalnika.

Rozglyanemo Povny range of insurance Zahist, yaky in klasichnomu varіantі mozhna taxes such minds.

Insurers zdіysnyuє dobrovіlne strahuvannya of motor zasobіv scho nalezhat Yurydychna that fіzichnim ladies, i prichepіv to them vіdpovіdnogo priladdya that dodatkovogo obladnannya.

Yak rule, strahuvannya priymaєtsya of motor zasіb that prichіpi to Demba in tehnіchno spravno stanі.

Before the insurance rizikіv bіlshіst strahovikіv vіdnosyat:

a) poshkodzhennya, znischennya ob'єkta strahuvannya vnaslіdok avarії that INSHI poshkodzhennya scho stood at protsesі Ruhu;

b) poshkodzhennya, znischennya ob'єkta strahuvannya vnaslіdok protipravnih Act reasonably tretіh osіb at Yogo znahodzhennі:

  • at whether Money Does mіstsі;
  • on stoyantsі scho ohoronyaєtsya, chi in garazhі;

c) poshkodzhennya, znischennya ob'єkta strahuvannya vnaslіdok stihіynih lih (povіn, storm, hurricane, tornado, tsunamі, storm zliva, hail, landslide, avalanche, zsuv, vihіd pіdґruntovih water flood povіn, agricultural, impact bliskavki, drawdown ґruntu , zemletrus) padіnnya trees, attacking tvarin and takozh chi Pozhezhi vibuhu in motor zasobі;

g) theft abo vikradennya motor zasobu th prichepіv to Demba and takozh kradіzhka vіdpovіdnogo priladdya that dodatkovogo obladnannya in razі perebuvannya:

  • at whether Money Does mіstsі;
  • on stoyantsі scho ohoronyaєtsya, chi in garazhі.

Before perelіku INSURANCE vipadkіv mozhna vіdnesti one, kіlka abo OAO All schoyno perelіchenі podії i konkretizuvati їh in dogovorі strahuvannya.

Together s note іsnuyut obmezhennya INSURANCE vipadkіv at yakih insurer not zdіysnyuє vіdshkoduvannya.

Before the insurance vipadkіv not nalezhat (a otzhe, viplati insurance vіdshkoduvannya not zdіysnyuyutsya) situatsії at yakih Bulo zafіksovano:

a) vikoristannya motor zasobu that prichepіv to Demba in zazdalegіd vіdomomu strahuvalnikovі avarіynomu stanі;

b) upravlіnnya of motor zasobom special, KOTRA not Got posvіdchennya vodіya;

c) upravlіnnya of motor zasobom vodієm scho is staying at stanі alcohol, narkotichnogo abo toxic sp'yanіnnya;

g) rebellious vladі (s flow in Georeferencing podії, pereslіduvannya pratsіvnikami DAI) Act reasonably vchinennya (krіm quiet, SSMSC krimіnalno karayutsya) pov'yazanih іz torn down traffic rules Ruhu;

d) torn down rules pozhezhnoї BEZPEKA transported that zberіgannya vognenebezpechnih, vibuhonebezpechnih rechovin i predmetіv scho easily zaymayutsya;

e) Namir abo rough nedbalіst strahuvalnika chi yogo predstavnika and takozh torn down whether Kim іz have established rules of motor ekspluatatsії zasobіv;

h) the transmitted strahuvalnikom keruvannya of motor zasobom osobі scho is staying at stanі alcohol, narkotichnogo chi toxic sp'yanіnnya and osobі takozh, scho not Got posvіdchennya vodіya s permissibility kategorієyu vіdpovіdnogo transport zasobu.

Before the insurance vipadkіv, yak usually not nalezhat i viplati insurance vіdshkoduvannya not have peredbachayut razі znischennya abo poshkodzhennya motor zasobu that prichepіv to Demba vnaslіdok:

  • any kind voєnnih Act reasonably chi voєnnih zahodіv that їh naslіdkіv, poshkodzhennya chi znischennya mіnami, bombs that іnshimi znaryaddyami vіyni and takozh vnaslіdok gromadyanskoї vіyni, folk zavorushen i straykіv, konfіskatsії, areshtu znischennya chi chi for vimogoyu vіyskovih tsivіlnih Vlad;
  • direct chi indirect vplivu atomic vibuhu, radіatsії chi radіoaktivnogo urazhennya, pov'yazanih s whether Yakim zastosuvannyam atomnoї energії i vikoristannyam radіoaktivnih materіalіv;
  • transported by motor zasobu morskim, zalіznichnim that іnshimi modes of transport;
  • zbitkіv scho vinikli vnaslіdok uchastі motor zasobu in sports zmagannyah (haul);
  • gnittya, korozії, zruynuvannya i (ABO) vtrati natural vlastivostey materіalіv, scho boule vikoristanі in motor zasobі through zberіgannya nespriyatlivih in the minds of natural hіmіchnih protsesіv toscho;
  • obrobki heat Vaughn chi іnshim termіchnim vplivom in motor zasіb that prichepіv to Demba (sushіnnya, zvaryuvannya, garjachego obrobka toscho);
  • zbitkіv, zavdanih lane strahuvalnika, vodіya pasazhirіv abo scho perebuvali in transport zasobі pid hour vipadku insurance;
  • Natural instal lment transport zasobu in tsіlomu and takozh yogo okremih parts that vuzlіv, vtrati commodity viglyadu, zavodskogo marriage;
  • poshkodzhennya pokrishok, sprichinenogo trash pitched proїzhdzhoї Chastain, naїzdom gostrі on the subject, їh natural instal lment (Yakscho TAKE poshkodzhennya not prizvelo to zbіlshennya zbitkіv);
  • ekspluatatsії motor zasobu chi prichepu to Demba s vikoristannyam pokrishok (tire) tread Zi instal lment Ponad permissible norms.

Not vіdshkodovuyutsya nepryamі zbitki that INSHI vidatki, scho shaping can Buti sprichinenі INSURANCE vipadkom (fine vikoristannya orendovanogo zasobu transport, accommodation in gotelі pid hour repair vidatki on vіdryadzhennya, missed Vigoda, vtrata pributku, prostіy, materіalnі zbitki, pov'yazanі s zakіnchennyam garantіynogo termіnu, moralnі zbitki toscho).

Dogovіr strahuvannya ukladaєtsya, yak usually for one Year. Mozhlive ukladannya contract strahuvannya on korotshі termіni, napriklad at viїzdі for a cordon abo hour stretch of transport zasobu.

Strahov scrip viznachaєtsya filed on pіdstavі said at strahuvannya i dokumentіv scho pіdtverdzhuyut vartіst motor zasobu, prichepіv to Demba she dodatkovogo obladnannya.

Primіtka. Documents on pіdstavі yakih viznachaєtsya insurance scrip schodo motor zasobu that dodatkovogo obladnannya:

  • rakhunok invoice factory-virobnika;
  • ofіtsіynogo dealer directory;
  • ekspertna otsіnka ctrahovika.

Mozhlive ukladannya contract strahuvannya s minds urahuvannya stage instal lment motor zasobu and takozh s urahuvannyam vtrati tovarnoї vartostі.

Іnshim vazhlivim zasterezhennyam Je zastosuvannya franchise. Dogovіr strahuvannya ukladaєtsya, yak rule, minds vlasnoї uchastі strahuvalnika in vіdshkoduvannі zbitkіv s establishing rozmіrom bezumovnoї franchise.

For Bazhanov strahuvalnika at ukladannі strahuvannya Treaty Mauger Buti stated takozh umovna franchise scho daє zmogu zastosuvati znizhki Zi strahovoї premії.

Insurance Premia obchislyuєtsya insurers fallow od strahovoї sumi that obranih strahuvalnikom INSURANCE vipadkіv - chinnikіv scho vplivayut on rіven іmovіrnostі viniknennya insurance vipadku: brand avtomobіlya, rock yogo Key infrastructure, seniority is the vіku vodіya (Yakscho vodіїv kіlka - the dermal s are), and takozh nayavnostі ohoronnoї signalіzatsії i protiugonnogo annexe that rozmіru umovnoї franchise.

When rozrahunku rozmіru vіdshkoduvannya rozmіr materіalnogo zbitku * 5 Yakscho Je Sens vіdnovlyuvati poshkodzheny TK viznachaєtsya yak scrip vartostі vіdnovlyuvalnih robіt s urahuvannyam ekspluatatsіynogo znoshennya zamіnnih parts and takozh vtrati tovarnoї vartostі.

* 5: {Materіalny zbitok - tse vartіsny viraz real vitrat s urahuvannyam instal lment scho їh zaznaє vlasnik transport zasobu in razі yogo poshkodzhennya abo rozukomplektuvannya (Zmіni i dopovnennya to methodically rekomendatsіy for avtotovaroznavchoї otsіnki the agriculture zasobіv, zatverdzhenі sektsієyu avtotovaroznavstva NAUKOVO-konsultativnoї Metodichnoї for Mіnіsterstva yustitsії Ukraine, protocol number 13 od 23.11.2000).}

Vtrata tovarnoї vartostі Je umovnoyu quantities whose values ​​yakoї becoming znizhennya dіysnoї vartostі vіdnovlenogo pіslya poshkodzhennya TK (if vikonuyutsya vimogi schodo repair of Quality) porіvnyano s analogіchnim neposhkodzhenim transport zasobom.

Otzhe, vtrata tovarnoї vartostі vrahovuєtsya, if potrіbno vikonuvati remontnі robots s vіdnovlennyam poshkodzhenih parts (vuzlіv, agregatіv) usіh tipіv TK Square od nature that perelіku poshkodzhen.

Vtrata tovarnoї vartostі not vrahovuєtsya, Yakscho:

a) passenger lines ekspluatatsії TK perevischuє 5 rokіv for TK virobnitstva kraїn LICs i 7 rokіv іnozemnih for TK;

b) legkovі TK ekspluatuyutsya in іntensivnomu rezhimі (factuality probіg schonaymenshe vdvіchі bіlshy for standard) and 3.5 lines ekspluatatsії perevischuє rock for TK virobnitstva kraїn LICs, 5 rokіv for TK virobnitstva kraїn far zarubіzhzhya;

c) lines ekspluatatsії vantazhnih TK that avtobusіv perevischuє 3 Rocky kraїn for LICs, Rocky 4 - for TK virobnitstva kraїn far zarubіzhzhya;

g) TK ranіshe CCB perefarbovany zovnі (for bus-i prichepa dachі - if vіdbulosya Povny perefarbuvannya zzovnі that vseredinі salon);

d) TK Got slіdi passed avarіy abo korozіynі ruynuvannya;

e) zdіysneno zamіnu body;

h) zamіna okremih details TK (Sklo, Fari, plastmasovі bumper dekorativnі lining Shiny, zovnіshnya that vnutrіshnya furnіtura toscho) zumovlyuє not require that farbuvannya not pogіrshuє zovnіshnogo viglyadu. Ale Yakscho, krіm zaznachenih details poshkodzheno th INSHI detalі then rozrahunok vtrati tovarnoї vartostі neobhіdno provoditi s urahuvannyam usіh poshkodzhenih parts in kompleksі;

g) Yakscho TK CCB Vidanov gromadyaninovі bezkoshtovno through organic sotsіalnogo Zahist population (krіm vipadkіv, if narahuvannya vtrati tovarnoї vartostі zdіysnyuєtsya for zavdannyam individuals abo body SSMSC priznachili Sanitary and Epidemiological).

When viznachennі rozmіru pryamoї Skoda obov'yazkovo vrahovuєtsya vartіsne zbіlshennya tsіni doslіdzhuvanogo avtomobіlya in rezultatі yogo dodatkovogo pereobladnannya chi rekonstruktsії until one insurance vipadku. Ale Cena that lines ekspluatatsії dodatkovo vstanovlenogo obladnannya (equipment) that vartіst Repair robіt, pov'yazanih s rekonstruktsієyu danogo TK obov'yazkovo povinnі Buti pіdtverdzhenі documented. Vіdsutnіst such dokumentіv not daє rights vrahuvannya of Change log in rozrahunku vartostі transport zasobu.

A task. Zaproponuvati rіznі minds for ukladannya contract strahuvannya transport zasobu (TOR) for minds, scho to tsogo type TK set takі danі:

insurance scrip (vartіst TK) - 50 000 UAH .;

insurance tariffs on vipadok vikradennya chi hijacking - 5%;

accident insurance tariffs on vipadok - 2%;

insurance tariffs on vipadok stihіynogo dashing - 0.5%;

in razі zastosuvannya bezumovnoї franchise for cutaneous nadaєtsya 1% 5% -on znizhka іz zagalnogo rozmіru insurance payments, ale in tsіlomu bіlsh not yak 50% znizhki payment.

Strahuvalnik Ready zaplatiti Strakhov premіyu not bіlsh nіzh 2000 UAH.

Rozv'yazannya.

Obchislimo rozmіr INSURANCE platezhіv for rіznih minds strahuvannya:

rozmіr strahovoї premії in razі ukladannya contract strahuvannya deprivation od vikradennya chi hijacking:

50,000? 0.05 = 2500 (UAH);

rozmіr strahovoї premії in razі ukladannya contract strahuvannya deprivation on vipadok accident:

50,000? 0.02 = 1000 (UAH);

rozmіr strahovoї premії in razі ukladannya contract strahuvannya deprivation on vipadok stihіynogo Down and Out:

50,000? 0.5 = 250 (USD);

zagalny rozmіr strahovoї premії od usіh rizikіv:

2500 + 1000 + 250 = 3750 (USD).

Oskіlki rozmіr strahovoї premії not Mauger perevischuvati 2000 UAH can zaproponuvati takі minds dogovorіv strahuvannya.

  • Dogovіr strahuvannya ukladaєtsya deprivation od rizikіv accident that stihіynogo dashing s no deductible rozmіrom insurance payment in 1250 USD.
  • Rozglyanemo mozhlivіst ukladennya contract strahuvannya od usіh rizikіv, zastosuvavshi franchise i, vіdpovіdno, znizhki іz zagalnogo rozmіru insurance payments.

For tsogo viznachimo dostatnіy rozmіr znizhki, yak mozhna otrimati, zastosuvavshi franchise:

rozmіr znizhki (UAH).

Rozv'yazavshi rіvnyannya, znahodimo: x = 46.66%.

Якщо знижка становить 46,66 % від загального розміру страхового платежу, можна укласти договір страхування з такою франшизою:

Franchise % (частка страхової суми).

Договір страхування укладається від усіх ризиків із безумовною франшизою розміром 9,3 % від страхової суми та сплатою страхового платежу в сумі 2000 грн.