Strahuvannya - Osadets SS

17.5. Spіvstrahuvannya that mehanіzm yogo dії

One that i samy ob'єkt strahuvannya Mauger Buti are insured for one contract strahuvannya i, for Zgoda strahuvalnika, kіlkoma insurers.

Spіvstrahuvannya - strahuvannya at two Money Does that bіlshe strahovikіv take fate viznachenimi chastkami strahuvannі in one of th most riziku, vidayuchi spіlnі chi okremі polіsi, skin for insurance in the bag svoїy chasttsі.

When tsomu Got dogovіr mіstiti minds scho viznachayut right i obov'yazki skin insurers.

For the sake of nayavnostі mіzh spіvstrahuvalnikami that one strahuvalnikom Zi spіvstrahovikіv Mauger predstavlyati vsіh іnshih in vіdnosinah іz strahuvalnikom, zalishayuchis vіdpovіdalnim deprivation in front of him rozmіrі svoєї chastki.

On praktitsі insurer, Cauterets bere fate in strahuvannі in menshіy chasttsі, pіdporyadkovuєtsya minds uzgodzhenim insurers, scho Got bіlshu chastku. However, Tse is not zobov'yazuє Yogo, yak priynyato in proportsіynomu perestrahuvannі, pіdporyadkovuvatisya vsіm rіshennyam lіdiruyuchogo insurers that splachuvati his chastku in zbitkah on tіy pіdstavі scho INSHI insurers Splat svoї chastki.

Yakscho strahuvalnik zastrahuvav ob'єkt not Povny scrip, yak vіn rozglyadaєtsya one іz strahovikіv i Nese vіdpovіdalnіst for underinsurance chastkoyu. Іnkoli insurers, SSMSC take fate in spіvstrahuvannі, vimagayut, dwellers strahuvalnik himself vistupav spіvstrahovikom, tobto utrimuvav on vlasnіy vіdpovіdalnostі Chastain riziku.

Іnkoli spіvstrahuvannya rozglyadaєtsya yak okremy vipadok reinsurance, if odnochasno kіlka strahovikіv for vzaєmnim uzgodzhennyam priymayut chi peredayut on strahuvannya velikі riziki.

The I tse not vipadkovo. Hoca s Yurydychna Look spіvstrahuvannya that strahuvannya rіznі for svoєyu ekonomіchnoyu sutnіstyu stink Duzhe All related. In oboh vipadkah zdіysnyuєtsya rozpodіl vneskіv of insurance that the insurance viplat, nayavna spіvuchast in premіyah that the insurance rizikah. In oboh vipadkah vіdpovіdno koordinuyutsya strahovі Fondi rіznih strahovikіv (perestrahovikіv) SSMSC odnochasno take fate in one nd that same strahuvannі.

Find our Spіvstrahuvalnі mozhna sposterіgati on prikladі perestrahuvalnih pulіv (ob'єdnan, fondіv).

Poole bazuєtsya on kontseptsії vzaєmnostі. Sutnіst polyagaє yogo in fact, scho Premia she sumi zbitkіv for vіdpovіdnimi rizikami peredayutsya the pool, yaky rozpodіlyaє prohodzhennya operatsіy mіzh members pool zgіdno s rozmіrom premії scho її transferred to the pool.

Rozrіznyayut two tipi pulіv: strahuvannya bullet that bullet reinsurance.

Zauvazhimo scho bagato s pulіv not vipravdali nadіy, oskіlki serednіy result dіyalnostі INSURANCE kompanіy, SSMSC not boule members pulіv, CCB vischy, nіzh in chlenіv pool.

Prote stvorennya pulіv Bulo dorechnim at strahuvannі rizikіv s potentsіynoyu katastrofіchnoyu vіdpovіdalnіstyu (napriklad, strahuvannya atomic elektrostantsіy, avіatsіynih rizikіv). Ob'єdnannya strahovikіv to pulіv vіdbuvaєtsya takozh for hull vessels, in razі strahuvannya naftorizikіv, precios toscho.

Ranіshe in deyakih kraїnah bullets stvoryuvalis for skorochennya obsyagu operatsіy s reinsurance, scho vihodyat for mezhі Kraina.

Ob'єdnannya strahovikіv to pulіv vipravdane takozh at provedennі nebazhanih s tehnіchnogo Look INSURANCE operatsіy abo smallest in that vuzkospetsіalіzovanih operatsіy okremih strahovikіv for yakih vazhlivo utrimati spetsіalіstіv tsіy at the Branch, takozh vipravduє dіyalnіst pulіv. Little Location stvorennya regіonalnih perestrahovuvalnih pulіv meta yakih polyagala in mіzhnarodnomu rozpodіlі rizikіv.

Participants pool zobov'yazanі priymati OAO All zaznachenі in ugodі riziki tіlki in the furrows of the pool. Pong takozh povinnі priymati chastku in vsіh rizikah scho peredanі to the pool, chi Collective pіdpisanih vsіma yogo members.

Nerіdko through reinsurance pool zdіysnyuєtsya rizikіv. In this razі Treaty strahuvannya spochatku ukladayutsya okremimi yogo uchasnikami and nadalі peredayutsya povnіstyu the pool. Chastka skin member of a pool in perestrahuvannі viznachaєtsya on pіdstavі proportsіynogo rozpodіlu. Chastka, yak otrimuє dermal s uchasnikіv pool, Got viglyad fіksovanogo vіdsotka.

Poole stvoreny on bazі spіvstrahuvannya, Got printsipovі osoblivostі. Vіn vіdrіznyaєtsya od perestrahovuvalnogo pool tim, scho in polіsі, yaky vidaєtsya strahuvalniku, zaznachaєtsya perelіk chlenіv pool, SSMSC take fate in strahuvannі Pevnyi riziku, i їhnya chastka in strahovіy sumі. In addition razі, if in pools Zi spіvstrahuvannya take fate i profesіonalnі perestrahoviki, SSMSC not directly ukladayut dogovorіv strahuvannya, їhnya chastka guilty Buti pogodzhena i pіdpisana direct insurers, scho take fate in particular pulі.

Cutaneous іz uchasnikіv pool preg fate in rizikah scho pokrivayutsya pool on pіdstavі schemes proportsіynogo rozpodіlu. Chastka skin member from the pool viznachaєtsya vіdsotkah od zagalnoї mіstkostі pool pid hour yogo stvorennya. Іz zarubіzhnoї practice vіdomі takozh vipadki viznachennya chastki in absolute shares (napriklad 15 іz chastok 100), and i іnkoli in fіksovanih sumac. For kraїn s temple rіvnem іnflyatsії Taqiy method viznachennya payovoї uchastі not zruchny.

Cutaneous s uchasnikіv pool preg fate yak in quiet rizikah, SSMSC vіn himself priynyav i transferred to the pool, so i in reshtі rizikіv, SSMSC vnesenі to pool іnshimi uchasnikami. Tse daє mozhlivіst cutaneous participant pool zbіlshiti Quantity rizikіv scho priymayutsya on strahuvannya, polіpshiti structure insurance portfolio, zmenshiti nebezpeku kumulyatsії rizikіv.

Pool Mauger normal funktsіonuvati tіlki todі, if vіn dotrimuєtsya priynyatih rules that obmezhen OAO All i The members of the pool vikoristovuyut Ti samі minds that rates premіy, Abi uniknuti whether yakih nesanktsіonovanih perevag one participant over іnshimi.

Mіzhnarodnim dosvіdom ob'єdnannya strahovikіv vіdpratsovanі golovnі fun- їh organіzatsії. Tsі fun- vіdobrazhenі in ugodі about the pool is the viznachayut takі minds:

  • ob'єdnannya form (obov'yazkovu chi dobrovіlnu, Zi stvorennyam yuridichnoї chi individuals without otrimannya vіdpovіdnogo status);
  • a form of acceptance of chi rozpodіlu vіdpovіdalnostі of insurance rizikom: spіvstrahuvannya chi reinsurance;
  • view vіdpovіdalnostі uchasnikіv pool before strahuvalnikami: chastkova, solіdarna abo subsidіarna;
  • order ob'єdnannya strahovikіv the insurance pool: vіlny, obmezheny, s urahuvannyam vіdpovіdnih spetsіalnih kriterіїv;
  • form vіdnosin mіzh uchasnikami pool that strahuvalnikami scho stosuєtsya ukladannya contract strahuvannya: whether Yakima participant pool, tіlki participant-underwriter chi lіderom pool;
  • Installed lіmіtu vіdpovіdalnostі pool;
  • Venue of spіlnoї polіtiki s reinsurance vіdpovіdalnostі scho perevischuє mіstkіst pool;
  • zdіysnennya spіlnoї polіtiki іnvestuvannya rezervіv of insurance;
  • Venue of strahuvannya on pіdstavі zagalnih rules that tarifіv.

Deyakі іz zaznachenih vklyuchayutsya minds in favor of the insurance pool of about yak yogo organіzatsії bezperechnі Principi. Until such bezperechnih printsipіv nalezhat, napriklad, minds about the Venue of strahuvannya for єdinimi rules that tariffs minds zdіysnennya єdinoї polіtiki s reinsurance vіdpovіdalnostі scho perevischuє mіstkіst pool, lіmіt yogo vіdpovіdalnostі.

About the power of acceptance іnshih minds yak osnovopolozhnih printsipіv organіzatsії insurance pool Mauger Buti virіshene rіznimi Shlyakhov.

On the principles of the insurance pool organіzatsії vplivayut, nasampered, takі chinniki:

  • tsіlі that zavdannya, SSMSC vstanovlenі at Yogo stvorennі;
  • spetsifіka rizikіv for strahuvannya yakih stvoryuєtsya pool;
  • Legal is the insurance regulatory framework, scho reglamentuє dіyalnіst INSURANCE pulіv in kraїnі їh utvorennya;
  • osoblivostі natsіonalnoї Economy natsіonalnogo that the insurance market analysis, scho koriguyut mіzhnarodny dosvіd INSURANCE pulіv.

Shlyakhov stvorennya pool virіshuyutsya takі zavdannya:

  • Zayavlyayutsya minds for strahuvannya rizikіv, ranіsh nevіdomih i such precisely otsіniti SSMSC duzhe vazhko; such scho traplyayutsya rіdko i do not give in zmogi razі maximum ohoplennya sformuvati zbalansovany insurance portfolio; katastrofіchnih rizikіv.
  • For rakhunok ob'єdnannya fіnansovih zasobіv okremih strahovikіv vіdpovіdno zbіlshuєtsya mіstkіst pool and takozh pіdvischuyutsya mozhlivostі strahovikіv s of acceptance on strahuvannya digit rizikіv.
  • Pіdvischuєtsya nadіynіst insurance Zahist for rakhunok zbіlshennya garantіy vikonannya insurers svoїh obov'yazkіv s vіdshkoduvannya zbitkіv. When tsomu nadіynіst insurance Zahist, scho garantuєtsya pool, deposits od addition, osnovі yakogo contract buduyutsya vіdnosini mіzh insurers - uchasnikami pool that strahuvalnikami: spіvstrahuvannya abo reinsurance. The I Yakscho pool Je spіvstrahuvalnim, then osnovі yakoї vіdpovіdalnostі: chastkovoї, solіdarnoї abo subsidіarnoї - dіyut Participants of the insurance pool. Form dogovorіv that vіdpovіdalnostі on pіdstavі yakih buduyutsya vzaєmovіdnosini uchasnikіv pool, viznachayutsya lands about the pool.

One іz bunt printsipіv organіzatsії insurance pool - tse viznachennya lіmіtu yogo vіdpovіdalnostі.

Lіmіt vіdpovіdalnostі pool, chi Maximum obsyag zobov'yazan for contract strahuvannya scho ukladeny od іmenі pool, ustanovlyuєtsya in ugodі about pool yak sukupnіst Maximum obsyagіv vіdpovіdalnostі skin participant pool. In his Cherga, Maximum obsyag vіdpovіdalnostі skin insurers for okremim rizikom for contract strahuvannya not Mauger perevischuvati 10% of the statutory fund splachenogo i preformed vіlnih rezervіv that the insurance rezervіv insurers.

Mіstkіst insurance pool bezposeredno vplivaє on aktualnіst virіshennya power about perestrahovuvannya vіdpovіdalnostі scho perevischuє zaznachenu mіstkіst.

Perestrahuvalnі bullets buvayut such vidіv:

  • Poole market analysis, abo rinkovy pool.

Rinkovy pool Je organіzatsіynoyu form, yak ob'єdnuє bіlshіst kompanіy market analysis of acceptance for the great chi duzhe nebezpechnih, navіt katastrofіchnih rizikіv. Osoblivostі pool shaping can Buti korisnimi for pokrittya novih vidіv strahuvannya (napriklad, nuclear rizikіv).

  • Uriadovy perestrahuvalny pool.

In deyakih kraїnah s metoyu zapobіgannya sent messages rizikіv іnozemnim zakordonnim perestrahovikam Uryadov stvoryuyutsya tsentralnі perestrahuvalnі kompanії abo bullets at SSMSC OAO All strahovі kompanії scho zdіysnyuyut strahuvannya in derzhavі, povinnі send both to the reinsurance OAO All riziki abo їh Chastain.

  • Anderrayterskі bullets.

Nevelikі kompanії scho toil Bazhannya viyti on rinok chi Novi Novi provoditi an opened view strahuvannya, ale not toil dostatnogo dosvіdu chi neobhіdnoї mіstkostі. In such a stink razі mozhut ob'єdnuvatis, utvoryuyuchi bullet s kompanіyami scho toil bіlshy dosvіd, ob'єdnuyuchi anderrayterskі mozhlivostі of acceptance for at strahuvannya konkurentospromozhnih chastok.

UKRAINE takozh іde Shlyakhov stvorennya INSURANCE i perestrahovuvalnih pulіv. Ninі vzhe іsnuyut of nuclear pool perestrahovuvalny "AUTO-CASCO POOL" to yakih uvіyshli nayvіdomіshі Ukrainian insurers, scho spetsіalіzuyutsya in vіdpovіdnih Galuzo.