Legal encyclopedia. Letter B

BUDGETARY PROCESS

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Regulated by law, the activities of the authorities to compile, review, approve and execute budgets. The sphere of BP includes control over the execution of budgets.

BP is based on the following fundamental principles:

1) delineation of competence between representative and executive authorities. According to the legislation, the drafting and execution of budgets is assigned to the executive bodies of the government, and consideration and approval is given to representative bodies;

2) specialization of budgetary indicators. It ensures comparability of the indicators of budgets of all levels, including consolidated ones, which is achieved through the formation and execution of budgets within a single budget classification;

3) the annual budget, which is

That budgets are adopted every year anew. This provides an opportunity to more timely and fully take into account changes in the economic, social and international environment.

The participants in BP are the President of the Russian Federation, legislative (representative) authorities, executive authorities, monetary authorities, state and municipal financial control authorities, state extra-budgetary funds, chief administrators and administrators of budgetary funds, budget institutions, credit institutions, Carrying out operations with the means of budgets, state and municipal unitary enterprises and other recipients of budgetary funds.

BP consists of stages:

1) drafting, reviewing and approving budgets. Direct drafting of budgets is carried out by the RF Ministry of Finance, financial bodies of RF subjects and municipalities. The formation of the federal budget is based on the Budget Message of the President of the Russian Federation, the forecasts of the country's socioeconomic development,

Balance of all expenses and incomes in the territory, the development plan of the state and municipal sector of the economy and the main directions of the budget and tax policy of the corresponding territory.

From July 15 to August 15 of the year preceding the reporting year, the Government of the Russian Federation is considering draft budgets and a draft law on the federal budget for submission to the State Duma. The bill itself is considered by the State Duma in four readings. If the draft law is not adopted before January 1, the federal executive bodies are entitled to finance the relevant articles of the budget classification on a monthly basis in the amount of 1/3 of actually incurred expenses for the fourth quarter of the previous year;

2) budget execution and control over the execution of budgets. The purpose of the implementation of the budgets is to ensure the receipt of revenues and financing of expenditures within the approved budget indicators. The document, on the basis of which the budget is executed, is the recording of income and expenditure according to the articles of the budget classification to the managers of budget appropriations in

The size of the quarters of the year.

Treasury execution of budgets - the fulfillment of budgets, management of budget accounts and budgetary funds - is put on the Federal Treasury. At the same time, all income is received from a single budget account (the principle of cash unity).

Execution of the revenue budget means mobilizing taxes, fees, other payments and distributing them according to the levels of the budget system.

Execution of the budget by expenditure means the financing of the expenses stipulated in the budget, in accordance with the budgetary list.

At receipt of incomes at a rate of 90-95% from the budget the Government of the Russian Federation has the right to make the decision on introduction of a mode of reduction of expenses. If the cost reduction increases by more than 10%, the Government submits to the State Duma a draft law on amendments and additions to the federal budget. The Duma should consider this issue in an extraordinary order.

Control functions are assigned to the Accounts Chamber of the Russian Federation, control and accounting bodies of subjects

The Russian Federation and local self-government, the tax service, financial bodies, the banking system, etc. According to the instructions of the Accounts Chamber of the Russian Federation or the Federal Treasury of the RF, the funds expended by their recipients illegally or not for their intended purpose are subject to refund.

At the end of the financial year, the Minister of Finance issues an order to close the year and prepare a report on the execution of the federal budget, as well as the budgets of state extra-budgetary funds. Based on this instruction, all recipients of budget funds prepare reports on revenues and expenditures.

The report on the execution of the federal budget for the financial year is submitted by the Government of the Russian Federation to the State Duma and the Accounts Chamber of the Russian Federation no later than June 1 of the current year. Within 1.5 months after the conclusion of the Accounting Chamber, a decision is made either on its approval or on its rejection.