Legal encyclopedia. Letter B

POWER

Is a social relation that manifests itself in the ability and right of one subject or group to make decisions that become binding for another subject or group.

V. is considered not only as domination and subordination, but also as the attitude of subjects, based on persuasion, authority, as the ability to reach agreements, to resolve conflicts.

V. - is one of the most important types of social interaction, a specific relationship between at least two entities, one of which is subject to the orders of another, as a result of this subordination, the ruling entity realizes its will and interests.

Its main elements are its subject, object, and also means (resources). The subject of V. embodies its active principle, it can be a person, a body, an organization, a social community, etc. For realization, the subject must possess a number of qualities, such as the desire to rule and the will to B. In addition, the subject B. must be competent , Must know the state and mood of subordinates, have authority.

The subject determines the content of the power relationship through:

1) the order (order) as an imperious command to obey the will of subject V;

2) subordination as the behavior of private will under general will В;

3) punishment as a means of influencing the denial of the prevailing will;

4) the norm of behavior as a set of rules in accordance with the general interest.

V. - always a two-way relationship between the subject and the object, it is impossible without subjection of the object where there is no object, there is no V. Submission is inherent in human society, like leadership. Readiness for subordination depends on many factors: on the qualities of the object, on the nature of the requirements imposed on it, on the situation and the means of influence that the subject has. One of the most important internal motives for submission is fear of punishment. More solid is V.,

Based on interest, since personal interest motivates voluntary fulfillment of orders, makes monitoring and application of negative sanctions superfluous.

B., arising on the basis of natural inequality, always has the character of interpersonal interaction. Subordination to a particular person arises, and if in a new situation he turns out to be incapable of demonstrating his advantages, his orders will not be fulfilled.

Resources V. - means, the use of which provides influence on the object of power in accordance with the objectives of the subject. Resources B. important values ​​(money, commodities), or means that can affect the inner world of man (the media), or tools with which you can deprive a person of values, important of which is life (weapons, punitive organs).

The features of the various elements of the V-sub-object, object, resources - can serve as the basis for dividing it into separate types.

The classification of B. is the division in accordance with the resources on which it relies, on the economic, social,

Political, spiritual and information.

Political V is an organized will of one group of people in relation to another, which exercises subordination in the name of common goals. Political V. has its definite signs:

1) legitimacy, where it uses forces within the state;

2) supremacy, takes binding decisions for any other;

3) publicity, allows you to apply to all citizens on behalf of the whole society with the help of law (law);

4) monocentricity, the only main solution;

5) diversity of resources. Economic power controls

Economic resources.

Social power is the distribution of position in the social structure, statuses, positions and privileges.