Legal encyclopedia. Letter E

EUROPEAN UNION

- the unification of European countries to ensure peace on the basis of common economic, political and social goals. The structure of the EU includes:

1) The European Council is the unification of heads of state or government of member states, foreign ministers with a view to overall control over the implementation of a common foreign and security policy, as well as the definition of principles and guidelines;

2) The European Commission is the executive body of the EU, it implements the norms developed by the European Council, while having normative powers;

3) The EU Council consists of representatives of EU member states and is empowered to take decisions on most of the EU regulations and when concluding agreements with foreign states;

4) The European Parliament is the legislative body of the EU, formed on the basis of elections;

5) European Court of Justice - judicial

The EU's highest institution, located in Luxembourg;

6) The Court of Accounts of the EU conducts investigation of various cases, identification of opinions, strengthening of control over more economical

Expenditure of EU funds, tightening of the conditions for granting grants from the EU budget;

7) advisory bodies - an economic and social committee that performs advisory functions. The principles of EU law:

1) the principles that determine the legal force of EU rules and sources of law:

A) the rule of law of the EU - the legal norms included in the law take precedence over the rules that are enshrined in the legislation of the individual Member State;

B) the principle of direct action of EU law is a difference from the international law of the EU, the norms of which are acts of direct action;

2) general principles of law:

A) the principle of protection and protection of fundamental human rights and freedoms - the EU respects the rights of individuals guaranteed by the European Convention on the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms;

B) the principle of legal certainty - the inadmissibility of giving the provisions

EU legislation retroactive;

C) the principle of proportionality - the obligation or prohibition imposed by public authorities on citizens who must not go beyond the necessary objectives of the measures taken;

D) the principle of equality - the inadmissibility of discrimination of individuals and legal entities depending on various social and legal factors;

E) procedural principles - the right to provide and hear your point of view before the publication of the EU law enforcement act;

(E) The principle of confidentiality - institutions and bodies.

The EU, in the process of exercising its powers, does not have the right to disclose to outsiders information affecting the private life of citizens, the commercial secret of entrepreneurs without their consent;

G) subsidiarity principle - manifestation of EU activity in solving problems of member states.

EU sources of law:

1) the primary right - the founding treaties of the EU, ECSC, Euratom, the Treaty on

The European Union and other acts that modify and supplement them;

2) secondary law - acts issued by the institutions of ES Within their competence, as well as international treaties of the EU and agreements that are concluded within the EU by its member states;

3) case-law - a decision of the European Court of Justice.