Legal encyclopedia. Letter K

CONSTITUTIONAL LAW

- the leading branch of Russian law, which is a set of legal norms governing the foundations of the constitutional system, the status of a person and citizen, the federal structure, the system of state authorities and local self-government bodies.

The subject of KP is the social relations arising in connection with the fixation and regulation:

1) the foundations of the constitutional system of the Russian Federation, the sovereignty of peoples and the forms of its implementation, the principles of state organization and separation of powers, the social and secular nature of the state, ideological diversity, the supremacy of the constitution in the state;

2) the relationship between the state and the individual, the legal foundations of the status of Russian citizens, stateless persons, foreign citizens on the territory of the Russian Federation, human and citizen rights and freedoms and their guarantees

Implementation;

3) the federal structure of the RF, the composition and competence of its subjects, the exclusive competence of the RF and the subject of joint jurisdiction of the RF and its subjects, the supremacy of federal laws over the legal acts of the subjects, etc .;

4) organization and functioning of the system of public authorities of the Russian Federation and subjects of the Russian Federation, as well as local self-government bodies.

KP regulates relations that develop in all spheres of the life of society: political, economic, social, spiritual, etc. The norms of KP regulate only a certain range of relations in these areas - basic relations.

The method of legal regulation of KP is characterized by the empowerment of one of the parties with state and imperious powers, the other party is obligated to obey the orders of the party endowed with such powers (the method of power and subordination).

KP's method is characterized by such features as the political and legal nature of regulation (consolidation of moral principles, categories of social ideals, etc. in the Constitution). This method also uses such classical

Ways to influence the participants of public relations, as permission, prohibition, imposition of duties, the establishment of equality of parties in the relationship.

Constitutional-legal relations-social relations, regulated by the norms of KP, the content of which is the legal relationship between the subjects in the form of mutual rights and obligations provided for by these norms.

KP subjects are participants in constitutional and legal relations. They can be all, to whom the legal norms of KP impose duties and grant rights. Among them are such specific subjects as the state, people, deputies, state authorities, election commissions, citizens, stateless persons, etc.

Among the sources of KP are legal acts that operate throughout the territory of the Russian Federation, and acts that have scope only on the territory of a specific subject of the Russian Federation or the territory on which local self-government is exercised.

The main source of KP is the Constitution of the Russian Federation. Together with it, the sources of KP are laws (federal and federal

Constitutional); Acts adopted by the President of the Russian Federation, the Federation Council of the Russian Federation, the State Duma of the Russian Federation, the Government of the Russian Federation, containing constitutional and legal norms; Regulations of the chambers of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation; Declaration; Constitutions and charters of the subjects of the Russian Federation; International treaties.