Legal encyclopedia. Letter H

NATIONAL PARKS

- environmental protection, environmental education and research institutions,

Territories (water areas) of which include natural complexes and objects of special ecological, historical and aesthetic value and intended for use in environmental,

Educational, scientific and cultural purposes and regulated tourism.

NP are created in order to preserve natural complexes, unique and standard natural sites, historical and cultural sites, environmental education of the population, create conditions for regulated tourism and recreation, and develop and implement scientific methods for environmental protection and environmental education, implement environmental monitoring And the restoration of disturbed natural and historical and cultural complexes and objects.

NP as an independent object relates exclusively to federal property.

NP according to their legal status are non-profit organizations, since they do not have profit as a goal of their activity. They are created in the form of an environmental institution financed from the federal budget.

Depending on natural, historical-cultural and other peculiarities, a different regime of nature use may be established in the territory of the NP on certain functional zones, including:

1) protected, within which any economic activity and recreational use of the territory are prohibited;

2) specially protected, within which conditions are provided for the preservation of natural complexes and facilities and on the territory of which a strictly regulated visit is allowed;

3) the zone of cognitive tourism, designed to organize environmental education and familiarize with the sights of the national park;

4) recreational, intended for recreation;

5) the zone of protection of historical and cultural objects, within which conditions are provided for their preservation;

6) the service area of ​​visitors intended for accommodation of places of lodging, tent camps and other objects of tourist service, cultural, household and information services for visitors;

7) the zone of economic purpose, within which economic activities are carried out, which is necessary to ensure the functioning of NP.

Excluded any activity within the park, which can damage natural complexes and objects of flora and fauna, cultural and historical objects.

Such activities include:

1) exploration and development of minerals;

2) activities that result in disturbance of soil cover and geological discoveries;

3) activities entailing changes in the hydrological regime;

4) provision in the territories of NP gardening and summer cottages;

5) construction of main roads, pipelines, power transmission lines and other communications, as well as the construction and operation of economic and residential objects not connected with the operation of NP;

6) main felling, cut-off felling, harvesting of gum, commercial hunting and fishing, industrial harvesting of wild plants, activities entailing a violation of habitat conditions for flora and fauna, collection of biological collections, introduction of living organisms for acclimatization purposes;

7) the movement and parking of motorized vehicles not connected with the operation of NP, the running of domestic animals outside roads and waterways of general use and outside specially designated places for this purpose, the rafting of forests along watercourses and water bodies;

8) the organization of mass sports and entertainment events, the organization of tourist camps and the development of bonfires outside the specially designated places for this purpose;

9) export of objects of historical and cultural value.