Legal encyclopedia. Letter P

INDICATORS OF CRIME

Subdivided into:

1) the state of crime - the number of crimes and persons who committed them, in a certain territory for a certain time;

2) coefficient, or level, of crime - the total number of crimes recorded for a certain time and in a certain territory.

K = (П / Н) / Б, where

К - level of criminality;

П - number of crimes;

Н - the population that has reached the age of the onset of criminal liability living on the territory for which the coefficient is calculated;

B - coefficient (usually 100 000);

3) the structure of crime - it is revealed through internal content. This ratio in the general array of crimes and criminals of various types and categories, identified by one or another legal, criminological

Grounds.

From this point of view, crimes are divided into: deliberate and reckless; Serious, less serious; With motivation and without; Urban and rural crime; In industry, trade; On the object; On the subject; according to the age; By number of participants, etc. Structuring can be multi-level (for example, rural male crime).

All these indicators characterize crime in a static manner;

4) the dynamics of crime - changes in crime (state, level, structure, etc.) in time.

The definition of the dynamics of crime has the following objectives:

1) establish patterns inherent in crime;

2) most accurately predict the future.

The dynamics are influenced by social factors (revolutions, coups, etc.), legal factors (the introduction of a new Criminal Code, etc.), organizational and legal changes (the number of policemen, courts, judicial practice). None of the above factors is self-sufficient, they are all studied in

Aggregate;

1) the amount of crime - the absolute number of crimes committed in a certain territory for a certain period;

2) the nature of criminality - is determined by the proportion of the most dangerous crimes in the structure of crime or what is characteristic of the personality of those who commit crimes. He also points to the public danger of crime. A direct indicator of the public danger is the severity of the average crime, and the indirect index is the criminal record:

B = cN / p

Where D is the severity of the average crime;

СН - the sum of all values ​​of the amount of punishment assigned to a particular convict;

P - the total number of convicts sentenced to criminal penalties for the year.

1p = p x 105/14; Where lp is the conviction rate;

P - the number of persons convicted by sentences that have entered into legal force, to conditional sentences for a certain period and in a certain territory;

N - population at the age of 14 years,

Living in the given territory;

3) geography of crime - the difference in the characteristics of crime, due to the social and economic conditions of different regions;

4) the timing of crime - in some crimes, growth occurs in certain seasons, time of day.