Legal Encyclopedia. Letter Y

CONSTITUENT ASSEMBLY.

The idea to convene the US originated in the minimum program at the II Congress of the RSDLP.

The US was supposed to be a representative body of power, so it received the support of all parties. Particularly well the idea of ​​forming the US spread after the February revolution.

US was elected in November 1917, the first general elections and widespread. This election has been appointed by the Provisional Government, however, were conducted in the period of the victory of Soviet power, so the US immediately following the election was called, as it includes a percentage of the Bolsheviks was very few. The US began its work January 5, 1918

Before working on the roan US appeared ruling Central Executive Committee on January 3, 1918, "On the recognition of the counter-revolutionary action of all attempts to usurp the functions of state power." It legislate only one power of the Bolshevik Party.

Since joining the US Lenin proposed the adoption of the "Declaration of Rights of Working and Exploited People". The project was rejected by the majority of the US

After the rejection of the "Declaration of Rights of Working and Exploited People" Lenin US was disbanded January 6, 1918

Since then, the functions of the supreme legislative body passed to III All-Russia Congress of Soviets of Workers' and Soldiers' Deputies, which is January 13, 1918 has teamed up with the III All-Russian Extraordinary Congress of Peasants' Deputies. From that moment there was a single supreme organ of Soviet power - the All-Russian Congress of Workers', Soldiers' and Peasants' Deputies.

III Congress of Soviets adopted a rejected declaration January 12, 1918 The Declaration finally cemented sole power of the Soviets in the country.

Russian federated republic became, formed on the basis of equality for all the peoples of Russia. The federal structure of the Soviet state presupposed the existence of a single supreme authority and the authorities in the individual republics.

Declaration of Rights of Working and Exploited People consisted of 4 sections:

1) political and social basis of the state - the republic of Soviets of Workers', Soldiers' and Peasants' Deputies;

2) Install the main tasks of the Soviet state and the general provisions, reflecting the essence of the Soviet regime;

3) the principles of foreign policy;

4) the principles of federal structure.

III Congress of Soviets decided to prepare the first Constitution of the Soviet state, which was based on the Declaration of Rights of Working and Exploited People.

The Soviet government immediately after its formal adoption at the III Congress of Soviets began to install their own principles of organization of state power and economy in the country:

1) The highest authority was now working and peasant government of the Russian Soviet Republic

(Resolution of the Central Executive Committee "The new name of the existing Supreme government");

2) approve the nationalization

state wealth: the land and its subsoil (Decree "On the socialization of the land").