FORM OF STATE DEVICE
- the internal structure of the state that characterizes it
National-territorial division, which reveals the nature of the relationship between the highest state authorities and authorities of the constituent parts of the state. FGU reflects:
1) the relationship between central and local government bodies;
2) the state form of expressing the interests of each nation living in the territory of a given state.
All states according to FGU are subdivided
on:
1) unitary - states having a simple administrative-territorial division, the constituent parts of which do not have sovereign rights and do not have the status of state entities. They have a unified system of public authorities, a unified system of legislation and a single citizenship. Organs of administrative-territorial units are either completely subordinated to the center, or to the center and local representative bodies. Legislative bodies are represented by one chamber, but the possibility of a bicameral parliament is not ruled out. The Houses of Parliament do not have special representation from the regions of the country;
2) federal - a system of state structure, in which parts of the state are independent state entities that have sovereignty. Entities belonging to the federation are called entities. The supreme power in the state belongs to the highest (federal) bodies of state power. Subjects of the federation have the right to have their own bodies of power and administration, their system of legislation, their own citizenship. The federation is characterized by the existence of a bicameral parliament, in which one of the chambers represents the interests of the subjects of the federation. At the heart of the federation lie several principles of its construction, in connection with which distinguish the territorial federation (it is characterized by a significant restriction of the state sovereignty of the subjects of the federation) and the national federation (it is characterized by a more complex state structure);
3) confederative - a temporary union of sovereign states, created to achieve certain goals. The Confederation is a union of two or more states, in which allied bodies coordinate their activities on issues that have caused their unification. The features of the confederation are the absence of a common administrative apparatus, the absence of a single monetary system, and the preservation by states of their independence. After achieving the goals of its creation, it either ceases to exist, or merges into a different form of state structure, more often into a federation.
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