home Other disciplines Розіщення productive forces and регіоналістика - Стеченко Д.М.

Розіщення productive forces and регіоналістика - Стеченко Д.М.

6.6. Settlement of the population of Ukraine

Udoskolanlenya settlement of the population - is an extremely important problem of the radicalism of that territorial organization of the productive forces of Ukraine. At the time of the day, the role of the roselensky chignik in the intangible nature of the people's government is the same as the territorial organization of the estate. Scientific and technical progress will be able to sow poplivelenya on the vibrobitniyu, I dozed out vzajmozv'yazki mezh them. Pogliblyuetsya takozh vzajmovpliv rosselennya і sotsial'nikh protsessiv rozvitku kraїni, especialno її соціальної інфраструктури.

Integration processes in the economy of Ukraine, the formation of teritory-vibrotic complexes in general, to zoom in on the development of integrations in the country. Він виявляється через посилення взаємозв'язку між міськими та сільськими поселеннями, перехід від autonomous up to взаємопов'язаного їх ровитку та формавання на цій основі територіальних розселення.

Умови розселення в Україні є досить неоднорідними. Significant registrations of historical, economical, demographic, natural geographic, geopolitical, ecological and economic factors resulted in specialization of the regional resettlement. In the skin region, its specificity is the structure of the population, its problems. At the regimes of extreme emotions, the population density of the populated area is determined by the specificities of the townsfolk: the zone of the radioactive zabrudnnia. The Chaes of the Ukrainian Polissya, the settlement of the deported people in Krim, the settlement of the Donbas, and the zakrtytyam of the Great Silk Mine.

For Ukraine, the characteristics of the countryside are very high in the urban area and urbanization. The average population of the population is 80 osib per 1 km2, and the part of the local population is 67.3 vidsotka. Naybilsh high visions of the shodo of the middle rivnya viriznyayutsya kilk areas: Donetsk - 90 vidsoтків міського поселення, щілність - 180 осіб / км2; Дніпропетровська - відповідно 83 відсотки та 111 осіб / км2; Lugans'ka - 86 відсотків і 94 individuals / km2; Харківська - 88 відсотків і 92 individuals / km2.

In a number of regions of Ukraine (Zhitomirsky, Zakarpattya, Kirovograd, Khersonskiy, Chernigivskyi) the population of the population is not over 50 km / km2. ^ Them low takozh rіvenь урбанізації (not more than 61.5 відсотка).

Formulyannaya poselenskoy metzhi pevnoy teritorії characterized by overfulfilment zagalnimi tendentsiyami, chinnikami, lawrnostyami and the principles of settlement. Вона складається з міських та сільських поселень До міських населених пунктів в Україні належать міста і селища. Поділ поселен на міські та сільські заснований на відмінностей у харакі матеріальной виробництва, яке має viznachalny vplyv rozmіr ta rozmіschennya settlement. Розвиток міських settlement of the encounters with the extermination, specialization of those rozmіschennyam promyslovy pіdprіmіstv, об'єктів budіvnitvva ta transporta, sіl'skikh selenі - з використанням землі, розвитком та розміщенням сільськогосподарського виробництва. For syl'skih settlement is characterized by takozh bil'sha pobivnyano z mіskimi viddalenost vid mіsci prikladannya pratsi, znachny zv'yazok populated area with the land that is the natural middle, deconcentration and teritorialnoy rososeredzhenst the Sylsky population. Відповідно до цих відмінностей the criterions of the towns and villages of the Silesian settlements were pronounced, they were clearly located at the hour of that spaciousness.

For giving on 1 січня 2003 р. Міські жителі України lived at 453 cities and 887 villages of the Moscow type. Найгустіша мережа міських населенийх paragraphів in the Donbas areas (Donetsk - 183, Lugansk - 146). Далі йдуть Львівська, Дніпропетровська, Харківська області та Автономна Республіка Крим (кожна має понад 70 міських поселень). Від 50 до 70 міських населених пунктів є in Zhitomirsky, Kyiv, Odesa regions. The number of small settlements in the Meskikh settlement is not the same in Ukraine, in the regions of Ukraine, in the regions of Volyn, and in the regions of Chernivtsi.

The settlement form of settlement is typical for the Misk, and for the Ukrainian population of Ukraine. Проміжне положення між містами та сиільськими поселенни loans lodging for the Moscow type, yakі rozglyadayutsya yak reserve popovnennya mozhі міст.

Selische mіskogo type vіdіgryayut important role in gospodarskomu mastered tеrіtorі, їх populated, rozmіschennі productive forces ta in teritorіalnі orgіzіcії folk state. In the Baghachi districts, with the naphtha, gas, wool, girnicho-vidobuvnuyu, forestry, wood-fiber, harkovoy promyslovisty, promyslovistyu budivelnikh materialov, on transport magistrals, the demand in the robotic force is small. Here for її rozselennya efektivnis stvoovovati not mista, and selischa mіskogo type. Chiselnist populated, rozmіschennya ta functіії ostannіh tsіlkom zalajat vіd posuzhnostі chto іnnoshogo підприємства, yоgo спеціалізації, розміщення, періоду експлуатації тощо. Selische Miskogo type often vypupayayut yak organizatsiny promyslov abo transportnyi centri sylskikh raionov. We will expand the resort, science centers, "vіys'kovі містечка" тощо. Especially the role of nalezhit selischam, roztashovanym beside prisіkіі zonіі great mіst, scho vikonuyut funktsії "spalen" for residents, yakі pritsyuyut u mistah.

The settlement form of the settlement is widened in the same way in the Silesian region. In Ukraine, the settlement is very important, in some regions more than 2/3 of them work in the promising industry, in transport, in the sphere of recreation, in the non-existential state galleys of the state, and for the population of the village, the stink has not reached the criterias of the villages of the Moscow type.

The peculiarity of the hourly stage is the development of the productive forces of Ukraine, the tempo of urbanization, and the settlement of the most important landscapes of the Chiselnost city, the growth of the Moscow settlement, and the rapid growth of the great cities (Table 6.2). Cis process zumovlyuyut formvannya new forms of settlement, yaki bіlis vіdpovіdayut new tendentіyam naukovo-tehnichnogo progressiv і teritorialnoi organizatsii productive forces.

Table 6.2. Regions of Ukraine in Ukraine

In the process of evolutionary forms of settling into the world, a new, so-called group of forms of settling, of some sorts of niurozvinutosu - agglomeration. The development of agglomeration forms of settlement is not the rice of the day-long stage of urbanization. In Ukraine there are 19 agglomerations, in which there are half of the population.

Agglomeration, as a rule, is formed on the basis of the great city, or until the warehouse enters such a large number of cities and towns, villages of the Misk type, and Silesian settlements. In the Ukraine's active regions, the speculative natural summons formed sylvian agglomerations (in the Girskyi and the steppe valleys, the sighing of the river, the lakes of the river), yakis for rozmirami knowingly enter the metropolitan agglomeration.

Pіd aglomeratsiyu rozumіyut teritorіalne ekonomіchnu utovorennya with such power:

Vinikaє on the bases of the great city (abo kkolkok compactly roztashovanyh mist - konurbatsіya) and stlyuyu znachnu zone urbanizatsii, pogninyuchi sumizhnі populated punctu;

Vidriznyayatsya high level of teritorialnoy concentration of riznomannichnyh vibrobitvtv, peredusim promyslovosty, infrastructural ob'ektiv, naukovikh ta navchalnikh napiviv, and takozh vysokoyu shilnistyu populated;

Cope virishalny peretvonyuyuchy vplyv na nakkolishneh seredovische, zmіnimechi ekonomichnu structure teritorii ya sotsialnyi asyment of the life of the population;

Має високий рівень комплексності господарства і територіальну інтеграцію його елементів.

Agglomeration can be a vinikati on the bases of not the great, but the smallest city, and such great settlements of Silesia. Їх слід роглягляти як форма розселення і розміщення суспільного виробництва. The general population, the state, the infrastructure, the scientific and technological potential, the agglomeration, will be protected by the most important people's efekt and progressive form of settlers. Vodnochas nadmіrna koncentricія перелічених елементів zakladnju zakladnueє problem і mozhe prizvesti to seriyoznyh negativnyh naslіdkіv.

Behind the characteristics of agglomeration, to give up riznomannіtі: velikі, малі, сформовані та такі, що перебувають у стадії формавання, моо-та поліцентричні, міські, сільські, змішані тощо. Їхній вплив on the structure of the settlement of the well-known world to be buried in the regional specialities.

Territorial organization of settlements is to carry out the collapsing bagatochinnikov process, which is strictly connected with the territorial authority of the syspilny virbitnitsva and virazhaetsya in the form of singing (settlement, agglomeration, sistemi, megapolisi tochno). Zmіna umov sotsіialno-ekonomichnogo rozvitku regіonіv zumovlyu vyiknennya problemy udoskonalennya іsnegichih forms teritornologicheskoy organizatsii poproselennya. On the hourly stage, the development of productive forces, the recruitment of the territorial authorities, the settlement of the land, on a system basis. The system of organization of settlements is vspobacha vzaimopovaniyaniy i izdozheniyu rozvitok settlement is located on the territory of the territory of the territory of the country under the system of settlement. Obovyazykovymi umyvami formirovannya teritorialnih systems rozselennya є nayavnіst інтенсивних intrіsіні зв'язків та системоутворюючих центів.

National system of settlement in Ukraine for 1 st 1997 season. The boule is represented by 30215 elements - by settlers, they functioned at a very high rate in the space, sublimated to the metropolitan area. The main signs of the system are і інтенсивні intrіyshnyosistemny zv'yazy, dynamism ta vіdkritіst sistemi, ієрархічність та усталеність стротури системи. The prototype of 1970-1992. The settlement of Ukraine was replaced by 2,3 thousand yew. Odnitsyn, abo 7 vіdsotkіv, and the number of inhabitants of the population increased by 8.6 vidsotka. Відбулися істотні кількісні та якісні зміни і в складі системи розселення. For this hour, the 92 new settlements were added to the zv'yazku of the budivnitsvom promislovy pidpriemstv, vikoristannyam pavlennyh those mineral resources, rozvitkom melіорації та рекреації. However, active participants in the process of settlement of the settlement of the settlement of the settlement of the settlements of some settlements before and after the smaller ones, and the settlement of the settlements with the resettlement of aboriginal vibutty residents. Yaksho Mіska poselenska zmiera in 1970-1992. Zbіlshilasya on 9 відсотків, then сільська changed into Mayge for 8 відсотків.

Regionalnye sistemi rosselennya vіdіgryayut vinyatkovo important role in the form of national systems. Wongs are characterized by territorial differences in the historical, social, political and economic development. Zavdyaki specialties of natural minds, those resources in Ukraine were formulated in a strictly virazheni teritorialno-vibrochnichi complexi, yaki became the basis for formulating economical regi- ons and systems of distribution with intensive domestic system-wide economic calls.

Запитання і задання

1. What are the characteristics of the population of Ukraine?

2. Yak vyznachayut natural pririst population?

3. What is the nature of the social structure of the population?

4. What are the signs of the labor resource potential?

5. Yaki group of the population to enter the warehouse of labor resources?

6. Перелічіть осноні формы зайнятості поселення та їхні особливості.

7. Open the sink of the rink of prazi.

8. Yak viznachayut ekonomichnu mistkist reginalnogo rinku pratsi?

9. Name the typical regional rynkіv pračі in Ukraine that briefly describe їх.

10. Skorastavshis give dodatkiv, rozrauyte індекси рівнів зайнятості in the regions of Ukraine.

11. Describe the zagalnye rice of the regional population of the population of Ukraine.