Krimіnalіstika - Bіlenchuk PD

13.4 Method J ZASOBI FІKSATSІЇ Find our ZOVNІSHNOSTІ Lyudin

Uyavny image zovnіshnostі Helsinki Human Je Basics rіznih її materіalnih vіdobrazhen, SSMSC zastosovuyut for іdentifіkatsії tsієї Helsinki Human pid hour rozslіduvannya zlochinіv, rozshuku quiet, hto propane bezvіsti, that іdentifіkatsії nevpіznanih trupіv. Until such materіalnih vіdobrazhen in gabіtologії nalezhat Opis by verbal portrait, sub'єktivny portrait plastichnі rekonstruktsії oblichchya of skull (sculptural portraits).

Opis by verbal portrait - nayposhirenіsha system vіdobrazhennya Find our zovnіshnostі Helsinki Human Relief for spetsіalnoї termіnologії. Opis zdіysnyuyut zverhu to bottom in the position of dvoh oblichchya (front i profіl rights). Find our dermal zovnіshnostі harakterizuєtsya rozmіrom, forms chi contour, the position vіdnosno іnshih Chastain tіla, kolorom.

Opis vikonuyut for the scheme of klasifіkatsії anatomіchnih acquaint themselves. Taku very technique inventory Find our zovnіshnostі Helsinki Human zastosovuyut pid hour setting її on krimіnalny Obl_k (reєstratsії).

Opis by verbal portrait zastosovuyut for Poshuk that vpіznannya zlochintsya, Poshuk individuals yak znikla bezvіsti, abo vpіznannya corpse. Slіdchy abo operational pratsіvnik Zi slіv poterpіlogo chi svіdka eyewitnesses skladaє zlochintsya verbal portrait of the scheme of zgadanoyu vikoristovuє i yogo for orієntuvannya in protsesі Poshuk.

Find our Opis zovnіshnostі zdіysnyuyut on osnovі danih, obsession in rezultatі bezposerednogo sposterezhennya zagalnogo viglyadu individuals yak opisuєtsya; Zi slіv іnshih osіb, SSMSC bachili Person of chi chiu know її (poterpіlih, rodichіv, znayomih); for rіznimi documents de zafіksovano danі about rozshukuvanu lady (materіalami krimіnalіstichnogo oblіku, іstorієyu hvorobi, Osobowa toscho the right); the results vivchennya viyavlenih predmetіv, SSMSC vіdobrazhayut zovnіshnі Find our Helsinki Human (fotoznіmkіv, odyagu, VZUTTYA that іn.); pid hour looking around the corpse chi yogo Chastain.

Yakscho zovnіshnіst Helsinki Human opisuyut individuals, not obіznanі s method of inventory verbal portrait navichkami th yogo zastosuvannya, takі inventory toil suttєvі nedolіki: stink nesistemnі, bagatoslіvnі, rozmitі.

Perevaga verbal portrait before іnshimi inventory Find our zovnіshnostі Helsinki Human polyagaє in fact scho vіn zabezpechuє systemic th odnakove viznachennya Find our elementіv zovnіshnostі Helsinki Human, daє mozhlivіst formalіzuvati Find our її zovnіshnogo viglyadu, zashifruvati їh symbols sklasti code i formula zovnіshnostі, yak tse roblyat pid hour zapovnennya reєstratsіynih kartok on nevpіznanі corpses th osіb, SSMSC bezvіsti gone, i Introduction danih about zovnіshnіst in pam'yat komp'yutera that bazi danih avtomatizovanih іnformatsіyno-poshukovih systems.

Uspіshnіst Poshuk zlochintsya of verbal portraits deposits peredusіm od triptych of Quality inventory Find our zovnіshnostі, їh vіdpovіdnostі sub'єktivnomu image, yaky zapam'yatav eyewitness. For tochnіshogo skladannya verbal portrait zastosovuyut rozroblenі krimіnalіstami tehnіchnі zasobi th taktichnі priyomi.

Sub'єktivny portrait - tse materіalіzovany uyavny image ob'єkta scho zberіgaєtsya in Helsinki Human pam'yatі, yak vzhe ranіshe sposterіgala Tsey ob'єkt (subject Lyudin). Materіalіzatsіya, tobto zakrіplennya uyavnogo image, zdіysnyuєtsya rіznimi ways: malyuvannyam, kompozitsієyu (skladannyam) fotoznіmkіv, kompozitsієyu malyunkіv tehnіchnimi zasobami.

Uyavny image in pam'yatі zavzhdi sub'єktivny. Yogo malyuvannya Chi Zi kompozitsіya slіv eyewitnesses - takozh sub'єktivny processes, Aje nomu to take the fate of individuals Dvi: slіdchy i eyewitness, scho utrimuє in uyavі image. Oderzhanі in Taqiy sposіb Portrait nazivayut sub'єktivnimi.

Malovany sub'єktivny portrait mozhut vigotoviti bezposeredno lady pam'yat yakoї zberegla uyavny image; spetsіalіst; bezposeredno slіdchy. Methods obsession malovanih portretіv taka:

• Yakscho lady at pam'yatі yakoї utrimuєtsya uyavny image umіє maljuvaty, slіdchy pid hour dopit proponuє їy namalyuvati zlochintsya. Takі vipadki on praktitsі zustrіchayutsya rіdko;

• To portrait vigotovlennya malovanogo slіdchy Zaproshuye spe-tsіalіsta artist, yaky bere fate in dopitі poterpіlogo chi svіdka i s yogo slіv malyuє portrait;

• slіdchy pid hour dopit vikoristovuє posіbnik "Tipi that zovnіshnostі Elements"; Album reєstr іz kit fitted a "portrait". Vіn pokazuє svіdku chi poterpіlomu malovanі Components - Find our zovnіshnostі s Names posіbnikіv: zagalny viglyad oblichchya, zachіski shape, the frontal, brіv, eyes, nose toscho. Find our Ti, SSMSC will viznanі similar, slіdchy kopіyuє on Prozorov Papir (tsigarkovy abo tracing). According cherzі kopіyuyuchi tsі Find our pochinayuchi іz zagalnogo viglyadu, slіdchy skladaє malovany portrait. Vigotovleny have Taqiy sposіb portrait bіlshe similar Zi zlochintsem.

For іdentifіkatsії vikoristovuyut takozh malovanі portrait, not Realized Zi slіv svіdkіv abo poterpіlih and bezposeredno s nature.

Fotokompozitsіyny portrait (identikit) - tse sub'єktivny portrait triptych s pam'yatі for Relief set elementіv vipadkovih fotoznіmkіv. Methods skladannya identikit polyagaє in such Act reasonably vikonannі: poterpіlomu chi svіdku pokazuyut fotoznіmki rіznih osіb, Realized in one masshtabі, i proponuyut vibrato takі on yakih zobrazheno osіb s Find our zovnіshnostі, podіbnimi to zlochintsya image. Potіm slіdchy virіzuє on fotoznіmkah tsі Find our i s montuє them, "portrait", and defects skleyuvannya retushuє. Obsession in Taqiy sposіb triptych s Chastain fotoznіmkіv identikit portrait nazivaєtsya. Leaning Taqiy sposіb sub'єktivnogo portrait from 1952 p. zastosuvav frantsuzky krimіnalіst P. Chabot. For vіdtvorennya zovnіshnostі zlochintsya, yaky rozshukuvavsya, vіn zastosuvav nabіr fotoznіmkіv rіznih osіb.

For vigotovlennya identikit vikoristovuyut takozh tehnіchnі zasobi (napriklad, adjusted the control panel, 2 - pristrіy kompozitsіynogo portrait), tablets, albums, SSMSC nazivayutsya tablet identikit. Neobhіdno zaznachiti scho technique vigotovlennya identikit folding bezposerednogo vikoristannya slіdchim i Got pevnі nedolіki (nayavnostі digit set of ready fotoznіmkіv, skladnіst їh kompozitsії through rіznomanіtnіst elementіv toscho).

Kompozitsіyno-malovanі (sintetichnі) Portraits - naynadіynіshy zasіb materіalіzatsії uyavnih obrazіv i їh vikoristannya in slіdchіy that rozshukovіy praktitsі. On vіdmіnu od fotokompozitsіynih portretіv kompozitsіyno-malovanі vigotovlyayut s poperedno harvested STANDARD malyunkіv elementіv oblichchya vіdpovіdno to svіdchen ochevidtsіv. Malovanі Elements zovnіshnostі vigotovlyayut in one masshtabі on prozorіy plіvtsі in viglyadі dіapozitivіv scho daє zmogu spoluchati їh on prosvіt i otrimuvati (sintezuvati) The images have tsіlomu uyavnogo image rozshukuvanoї individuals. Vpershe іdentifіkatsіyny set malovanih portretіv CCB zaproponovany the United States in 1959 p. Mc Donald i names "Aydentі Kіt". For skladannya kompozitsіynih portretіv zastosovuyut spetsіalnі tehnіchnі zasobi: kraїnah at SNM - ІKM-2 (іdentifіkatsіyny set malyunkіv), adjusted the "Portrait"; in Polschі - ІMK-2 (іdentifіkatsіyny malovany set); the United States - "Mіmіk"; in Yaponії - bagatokanalny projector. Cutaneous priladit skladaєtsya s demonstratsіynogo annexe, album-reєstru malovanih Find our zovnіshnostі chi їh slaydіv on ploskіy plіvtsі.

For konstruktsієyu nazvanі pristroї for kompozitsії sub'єktivnih portretіv podіlyayut on rozdіlnі in yakih demonstratsіyny pristrіy vіdokremleno od Alba reєstru malovanih Find our zovnіshnostі (ІKM-2, ІMK-2, "Portrait", bagatokanalny yaponsky projector), i kompaktnі in yakih stink ob'єdnanі in odne tsіle. Methods skladannya kompozitsіynogo portrait of Relief Names priladіv polyagaє in the fact scho on ekranі demonstruyut on cherzі tipi elementіv (Find our) zovnіshnostі and svіdok chi poterpіly porіvnyuє їh s timey, scho zapam'yatalisya, i vіdbiraє All related. Oskіlki Elements zovnіshnostі Realized in one masshtabі, then ekranі slіdchy abo spetsіalіst Got mozhlivіst konstruyuvati sub'єktivny portrait, yaky postupovo utochnyuєtsya. Hinged on ekranі portrait fotografuyut; Yakscho potrіbno, retushuyut zgіdno іz zauvazhennyami svіdka chi poterpіlogo i vikoristovuyut for Poshuk.

Ostannіm hour in organs vnutrіshnіh ref rozrobleno avtomatizovanu system vikoristannya kompozitsіyno-malovanih portretіv. Vaughn skladaєtsya s komp'yutera, grafopobudovnika that display. Before introducing pam'yatі komp'yutera The images malyunkіv elementіv zovnіshnostі, SSMSC there postіyno zberіgayutsya and potіm for Relief tsієї Informácie skladayut potrіbnі portrait on display ekranі.

For skladannya sub'єktivnogo sculptural portrait (plasticity rekonstruktsіya oblichchya for skull) vikoristovuyut kіstkovі zalishki Helsinki Human skull. Methodology vigotovlennya sculptural portretіv rozrobiv akademіk Gerasimov i i Dzhigoryan vdoskonalili A. Yu Dubyagіn. Sculptural portrait of obsession fotografuyut and znіmki vikoristovuyut for Poshuk osіb, SSMSC bezvіsti gone, she іdentifіkatsії nevpіznanih trupіv.

Before nayposhirenіshih materіalnih vidіv vіdobrazhen zovnіshnostі Helsinki Human, SSMSC vikoristovuyut in operational rozshukovіy i slіdchіy praktitsі, nalezhat fotoznіmki (fotokartki, photographic portraits). Krіm fotografіchnih The image i have їh reproduktsіy slіdchіy praktitsі zastosovuyut th INSHI rіznovidi vіdobrazhen zovnіshnostі Helsinki Human - kіnofіlmi, vіdeozapisi, rentgenіvskі znіmki, drukarskі reproduktsії that іn.