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Management - Vikhanskiy OS

3.1. Corporate body

In this context, a corporate organization , or, more simply, a corporation, is viewed as a special system of communication between people in the course of their joint activities. Such an understanding of the corporation should be distinguished from the understanding of the corporation as a subject of law - a legal entity, often associated with the form of a joint-stock association. Corporations as a social type of organization are closed groups of people with limited access, maximum centralization and authoritarian leadership, opposing themselves to other social communities on the basis of their narrowly corporate interests. The corporation is the oldest form of human association, which was used by hunting groups before the formation of a married couple. Some kind of corporations were family and family, which provided the process of reproduction of certain relationships within the group. Corporate structures were quite typical for the ancient Asian society, when people did not think themselves outside a specific closed to a greater or lesser extent a community organized according to a professional, caste or other principle. In medieval Europe, they existed in the form of urban craft shops and merchant guilds. Later such economic monopoly associations, professional organizations and political parties became. In Russia, due to its specifics, corporations exist in the economic and cultural life mainly in the form of various state (ministries, departments and pseudo privatized natural monopolies) and public (unions, societies, academies and political parties) institutions.

Thanks to the unification of resources, and primarily human resources, the corporation, as a form of organization of joint activities of people, provides and provides an opportunity for the very existence and reproduction of a particular social group, profession, caste, etc. However, the unification of people in a corporate organization occurs through their separation from social, professional, caste and other (class and racial) criteria.

In addition to pooling resources, an important tool of a corporate organization in the struggle for survival is a monopoly, and mainly a monopoly on information. Supporting monopoly, the corporation strives to standardize its activities and its results, not to allow destructive internal competition for it. Support for the weak and the restriction of the strong - the main principle in the fight against domestic competitors. Hence the tendency to leveling.

The unification of people through their division and the maintenance of monopoly is impossible in a corporate organization if it is not dominated by hierarchical power structures. Thus, the interests of "divided" people are agreed by the leaders of corporations. This is the main source of their power. The basis of this scheme is the principle of "divide and conquer".

An important condition and way of maintaining the existence of a corporate organization is the constant maintenance of a deficit of certain resources in it, and, if necessary, an escalation of the deficit. The distribution in the conditions of monopoly by the leaders of the corporation of this deficit serves them as another important source of power.

From the concept of the corporation it is clear that the subject of interest in it is the group itself or the whole organization. Personalization of the individual is carried out due to the depersonalization of other individuals. In accordance with this, priority is set for goals characterized by the predominance of organizational goals over individual goals. The individual can have his own, different from the organizational, personal interests or goals, but in order to obtain the conditions for maintaining his existence from the corporation, he is capable of self-sacrifice for the sake of the group / organization, identifying them with himself. Hence - false solidarity, quasi patriotism, groupism and other corporate attributes. Outwardly it seems that the organization acts as a single whole. A deceptive impression of her power and omnipotence is being created. In fact, it often happens that this is a "colossus on clay feet."

The corporate organization takes responsibility for its members, for the person. This allows her to be free in her actions towards the person. There is sovereignty of the organization. As a result, the organization or all its members become over each individual person. This "collective" responsibility puts a person in a strong dependence and practically deprives him of independence. The principle of "organization is always right".

Decision making in a corporate organization is based on the principle of majority or seniority. The struggle of the minority for their opinion often ends with his departure from the organization. The desire to win the support of the majority forces the leader to populist actions. For example, the election of business leaders introduced during the reorganization in the USSR significantly influenced the transfer of money from enterprise profits to payroll and incentive funds at the expense of technical development. The struggle for supporters in the organization develops the political abilities of the leader more than professional and business skills.

In a corporate organization, the interests of production (or any other of its activities) determine the interests of the worker's reproduction. Conditions are created in which the employees of the organization are increasingly unable to provide themselves with the necessary resources, especially information. The interests of the employee always exist in the "tomorrow", and the interests of the corporation - in the "today".

Corporate organization corresponds to a certain morality. The latter acts as a double morality in behavior - an individualistic morality and a corporate morality. Individualism within the framework of corporate ideology has no right to exist and is therefore not regulated. In fact, he often appears in a perverted form, ignoring the rules of civilized, and sometimes legal behavior. Hence, for example, corruption and bribery. Corporate morality operates only in those cases when there are interested persons in it. Many can take bribes. But if someone is caught, then the anger of all the members of the organization is poured on him. Interpersonal relations are sometimes mediated by antisocial value orientations.

Corporate structures are dominated by loyalty to the organization, obedience and diligence are welcomed, giving rise to irresponsibility in the long run.