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Theory and practice of personnel management - Shchekin GV
11.2. Determination of the need for specialists
For the planning period, the current and future need for specialists are distinguished. The current additional need is the required number of specialists in the base year. This indicator is the basis for planning the future demand. The long-term need is determined for 10 years or more. We present current methods for calculating the long-term need for specialists.
When determining the need for specialists for up to five years, the staff nomenclature method is used, which is based on planned indicators of production development, standard structures and states, as well as nomenclatures of posts subject to replacement by specialists with higher education. Established nomenclature method in the presence of planned indicators allows to determine both the quantitative side of the need for specialists (based on staffing schedules) and qualitative (based on the nomenclature of posts that determines the level of qualifications and the profile of specialist training). Typical nomenclatures of posts subject to replacement by specialists with higher education, as well as typical staffing tables are developed and approved by ministries and departments. Typical nomenclatures contain the names of management functions, structural subdivisions, positions, as well as the names of higher education specialties, the presence of which is necessary for candidates for the replacement of these positions. An example of such nomenclature is given in Table. 5.
Table 5
Nomenclature of posts subject to substitution by specialists with higher education
Name of positions of specialists, employees and managers | Of these, are subject to substitution by specialists with higher education |
|
Number and name Higher education |
Number of posts |
|
1 |
2 |
3 |
A typical nomenclature of posts is developed at all levels of management - from the enterprise to the ministry - and serves as the starting base for developing standards for saturation by specialists and the need for them in the context of specialties. The final line of the nomenclature of posts represents the normative number of specialists with higher education, so the reliability of the calculation of the demand depends on the quality of the development of nomenclatures, on the basis of which the plans for the training of specialists of high and medium qualification are formed. In the development of nomenclatures, along with employees of personnel services, employees of technical, planning-economic, production and other divisions performing the functions of current and long-term planning take part.
To make the nomenclatures of posts more flexible, it is advisable, depending on the specifics of the industry and the enterprise, to provide for each position several specialties in order to better take into account the prospects for the development of production.
When determining the need for specialists for a long-term perspective and in the absence of detailed planned indicators, a method is used to calculate the saturation factor, which is calculated from the ratio of the number of specialists per 1,000 workers or by 1 million UAH. Volume of production and can be used to determine the need for specialists for the industry, as well as for a separate organization, enterprise. The need for specialists with higher education (A) according to this method is calculated by the following formula:
Where Чр - average number of employees;
К н - the normative coefficient of saturation by specialists. The normative saturation factor is calculated as the ratio of the normative number of specialists (the final line of the nomenclature of posts) to the average number of employees per year corresponding to the development of the nomenclature of posts.
The standard and most reliable method for calculating the need for management personnel is the normative method, which involves the development of a special methodology for calculating the standards for the number of executives and employees that provide the optimal number of specialists for each industry, organization, enterprise, taking into account the organizational and technical conditions of a particular production. This method is based on the application of load standards, maintenance, manageability and the number of specialists.
The norms of load and service can be applied in the non-production sectors (for example, health care, education, consumer services, etc.), and at the enterprises of the material production (industry and construction) sectors it is advisable to apply the standards of the number of specialists. The use of numerical requirements in the calculations assumes the establishment of a relationship between the quantitative and qualitative indicators of the cadre of specialists and the main technical and economic indicators of the enterprise's activity (name of the volume of output, labor productivity, value of fixed production assets, etc.):
Where Нц - the standard of the number of specialists with higher education; Чc - number of specialists;
/ - the value of the selected technical and economic indicator of the enterprise.
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