Istoria Ukrainy - Polonska-Vasilenko Natalіya: Volume 2

Chastain P'YATA: Hmelnichchine

Hmelnichchine

Bohdan Khmelnytskyi (1648-1657)

Bogdan Khmelnytskyi Zinovіy, yaky provіv gliboku Mezhuyev pomіzh dobami іstorії Ukraine, poklal cob Ukraїnskoї Kozatskoї powers, CCB naybіlshim Reigning husband, scho yogo budkoli small UKRAINE - so one harakterizuvav yogo s nayvidatnіshih doslіdnikіv tієї Dobie, V. Lipinsky.

Against hoch porіvnyano not bagato rokіv vіddіlyuyut us od B. Khmelnytskyi, mi znaєmo about Demba duzhe little, and the Same yogo Zhittya ovіyane legends. Nevіdomo navіt exactly de nd if the Same vіn narodivsya. Not pіdlyagaє sumnіvu scho pohodiv Bogdan Khmelnytskyi shlyahetskoї s homeland, bo koristavsya emblem "Abdank 's ale kotroї Chastain Ukraine campaign - nevіdomo. W usіh gіpotez naybіlshe zaslugovuyut on dovіr'ya Dvi: for odnoyu - rіd Khmelnytskyi pohodiv s of Galicia, s Chmielnik on Peremischinі, bo vzhe s Galichinі in the XVI century. zustrіchayutsya Hmelnitskі; gіpotezoyu after another - after walking rіd yogo s Pereiaslav land; one іz suchasnikіv - Prince Zaslavsky - nazivav yogo "pereyaslavskim Kozak." Bogdan Khmelnytskyi dіysno MAV zv'yazki s Pereyaslav: MAV there Vlasnyi dvir, odruzheny CCU s pereyaslavskoyu meshkankoyu, Gannoyu Somkіvnoyu brother yakoї pіznіshe CCB Colonel Pereyaslavskim; there Khmelnytskyi Trimai to hrischennya maybutnogo Hetman Paul Teter. W Pereyaslav zv'yazanі vidatnі podії 1649 rock Bogdan priymav there polskih poslіv and 1654 rock vіdbulasya glad there Maskovskiy s ambassadors.

Rіd Khmelnytskyi CCB nezamozhny. Batko maybutnogo Hetman, Michael, served in the Crown Hetman Zholkevskogo in Zhovkvі, potіm in-law Zholkevskogo, Jan Danilovich on Lvіvschinі, i pereїhav s it, if yogo priznachili old age Korsunskim that Chigirinskim. Michael Khmelnytskyi CCB Osadchy Chigirina that Lisyanka. In Chigirinskomu povіtі vіn CCB podatkovih clerk i Zgoda - pіdstarostoyu. Pid Chyhyryn MAV hutіr Subotіv. 1620 rock Michael Bogdan Khmelnytskyi іz Sin-Zinovієm Brave fate in pohodі on Moldavіyu i LUVs pid Tsetsoroyu clogged, Yogo widow suddenly odruzhilasya s polskim Stavetskim nobleman.

Mozhlivo, scho pid hour service in dad Zhovkvі narodivsya Bogdan Zinovіy. Tse Bulo ere colo 1595 roku. Vchivsya vіn spochatku in ukraїnskіy shkolі, potіm in єzuїtskіy "latinskіy" requiring gadati have Lvovі de vikladav Dr. Andrew teologії Gontsel-Mokrsky, vіdomy pismennik that propovіdnik. W tієї school vinіs young Khmelnytskyi knowledge of good Latini. Science zakіnchilasya 1620 roku, if pid Tsetsoroyu Turks took yogo in full i have two prophets kept Tsargorodі in tyazhkіy nevolі. Redemption rights Yogo mother. Pіslya of Khmelnytskyi Serve, Mabuchi, have Chyhyryn Regiment, odruzhivsya s Gannoyu Somkіvnoyu i gospodaryuvav on a Farm Subotovі.

About Zhittya Bohdan Khmelnytskyi in the following Rokach nіchogo nevіdomo. Obviously, the credibility of the first vіn zdobuv zaynyav Povazhnaya Location in kozatskіy gromadі. 1637 rock vіn CCB vіyskovim clerk: pіdpis yogo with aktі kapіtulyatsії pid Borowitz - 24 thoracic 1637 roku. The following vіn їzdiv rock, yak member delegatsії to the king, and pіdstavі ordinatsії 1638 roku Uryadov vtrativ clerk i becoming zvichaynim centurion Chigirinskogo іdolku.

1644 roku Uryadov frantsuzky zaklikaet on vіyskovu service of Ukrainian kozakіv. Ambassador de Brezhі wrote 21 Veresnya 1644 rock kardinalovі Mazarіnі scho toil Cossacks duzhe zdіbnogo commander Khmelnytskyi, yakogo povazhayut at dvorі King: "tse Lyudin osvіchena, Rozumny, good Knows latinsku movu ... vіn Ready dopomogti us. " In 1645-1646 Rokach Ponad 2.000 kozakіv transported to Frantsії, i stink take fate in oblozі Dyunkerhenu. Gadati Treba, scho LUVs i cal Sered Khmelnytskyi. OAO All tsі Fakti svіdchat about the Poshanu, yakoyu koristavsya Khmelnytskyi not zvazhayuchi its nevisoku rank.

Rock 1646 King Władysław IV zahodivsya CCB tvoriti koalіtsіyu powers for Borotba Turechchini proti, ale zustrіv opozitsіyu zboku polskoї gentry. Todі time s Chancellor Yurієm Ossolіnskim virіshiv sprovokuvati Turechchinu on voєnnі dії attacking them kozakіv. For tsogo zaklikaet to Warsaw taєmnu Narada 4-oh Kozatska predstavnikіv: osaulіv - Barabash that Karaїmovicha i sotnikіv - Nesterenko that Bohdan Khmelnytskyi. King having seen їm groshі, Prapor i diploma, yakoyu allows zbіlshiti reєstr kozakіv to 12,000. W tsogo plyanu nіchogo not viyshlo, hoch zіbrano todі 16,000 vіyska Naiman. Chancellor himself zradiv taєmnitsyu, i have Soim zhovtnі 1646 rock zazhadav rozpustiti vіysko. However, for the following podіy tsya taєmna narada vіdіgrala not abiyaku rolyu: about neї vіstki wider Sered kozatstva i began to ґruntom leґendi scho King marvel at kozakіv, yak on svoїh spіlnikіv in borotbі s polskimi magnates.

Until 1647 rock bachimo Bohdan Khmelnytskyi, yak tsіlkom loyalnogo centurion, yaky koristuvavsya Poshanu not deprivation on Ukraїnі, ale th in Varshavі.

Rapti Zhittya Khmelnytskyi truncated Bulo zlamane so the yak often traplyalosya in Rechі Pospolitіy, ukraїntsі de boule "Untermensch". Mozhlivo, yakraz Pausch, yakoyu koristuvavsya Khmelnytskyi when Władysław IV of dvorі, viklikala hate to Demba Rodini magnatіv Konetspolskih, witch admonition to ukraїntsіv. Olexander Konetspolsky, z 1632 roku Korsunsky that Chigirinsky elder, blue corona Hetman Stanіslava Konetspolskogo, virіshiv usunuti dislike Yomou centurion. Identically, pіdstarosta Chigirinsky, Chaplinsky, perpetrated "ґvaltovny zaїzd" on Subotіv pid hour vіdsutnosti Khmelnytskyi, zruynuvav Yogo, pograbuvav am Main, taking Yogo friend zhіnku and Sina to death kanchukami scoring. Legalnі come in Khmelnytskyi not allowed greedy naslіdkіv and Konetspolsky navіt giving mandate areshtuvati yogo i stratiti. Lachey buddy i kum Khmelnytskyi, Stanislav-Michael Krichevsky, dopomіg Yomou vtekti s-pid varti. W is small paddock kozakіv Khmelnytskyi viїhav on Zaporіzhzhya.

Tsі neschastya, tsya svavolya magnatіv reborn Bohdan Khmelnytskyi: Zi statechnogo, spokіynogo centurion vіn, pozbavleny Rodin, maєtku, pereslіduvany mіstsevoyu admіnіstratsієyu becoming buntіvnikom, Mesnik for vlasnі way