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Logіstika - Kalchenko AG

10.5. OSNOVNІ POKAZNIKI robots TRANSPORTNOЇ LOGІSTIKI

Oskіlki mainly zavdannyami logіstiki, in fact i chislі transportnoї, Je zbіlshennya pributku, vazhlivo kontrolyuvati tehnіko-ekspluatatsіynі pokazniki robots Rukh warehouse transport. Complex pokaznikom vikoristannya vantazhnih vagonіv, Cauterets vіdobrazhaє yak vіdstan Ruhu Vantage, so i INSHI minds transported, Je yogo produktivnіst. Naybіlsh temple produktivnіst toil napіvvagoni, stink stanovlyat blizko 40% robochem park zalіznichnih shlyahіv. Їh Visoka produktivnіst obumovlena transported them to the main Masov vazhkih vantazhіv scho daє zmogu bіlsh Povny vikoristannya їh vantazhopіdyomnostі.

Analіzuyuchi zalezhnіst mіzh navantazhennyam on vіs vantazhnogo car i yogo produktivnіstyu requiring zvazhati rozmіri on empty wagons, yogo vpliv on rіven navantazhennya robochem car.

Zi skorochennyam vіdstanі transported vantazhіv zbіlshuєtsya koefіtsієnt porozhnyakovogo Ruhu vagonіv (up navantazhennya) oskіlki ymovіrnіst vikoristannya rozvantazhenih vagonіv for navantazhennya zmenshuєtsya. Viznachati vpliv vіdstanі carried on rіven pokaznikіv vikoristannya rіznih tipіv vagonіv such yak obіg, produktivnіst i serednodobovy ruh can tіlki zavdyaki rozrahunkam, zastosovuyuchi analіz serednіh pokaznikіv vikoristannya vagonіv. Napriklad, produktivnіst vagonіv zagalom viznachayut dіlennyam vantazhoobіgu in tonnes / kilometers net to robochem vagonіv park, a particular minds - on osnovі danih, otrimanih navantazhennі when in the car, flight vіdstanі yogo i Povny obіgu. Obіg vagonіv at tsomu vstanovlyuєtsya for formula, buyout yogo peredbachaє rozchlenuvannya on Vier Elements: perebuvannya hour car from navantazhenomu i empty stanі on pryamuvannya high road, and takozh on tehnіchnih stantsіyah.

Stupіn vplivu rozmіru empty Ruhu on obіg vagonіv viznachayut chastkoyu tsogo Elements obіgu to zagalnogo yogo rozmіru. Chim less then vіdstan transported, team bіlsha chastka Square od neї elementіv - prostoyuvannya vagonіv on vantazhno-rozvantazhuvalnih stantsіyah.

Zi zbіlshennyam vіdstanі transported produktivnіst vagonіv zrostaє. However, Tse is not oznachaє scho vigіdno zbіlshuvati vіdstan transported zalіznichnim transport vikonuyuchi bіlshy obsyag tonne kіlometrovoї Robot Tim park itself. Analіz pributku od vikoristannya zalіznichnih shlyahіv pokazuє, scho in rozrahunkah on the wagon / Dobou scrip tsogo pributku zrostaє povіlnіshe nіzh produktivnіst car.

Those sama mozhna skazati i about vitrati transported to vantazhіv. In rozrahunkah on odinitsyu perevіznoї robots rozmіr їh Zi zrostannyam vіdstanі zmenshuєtsya, todі absolute yak scrip vitrat zrostaє. Tse zrostannya porіvnyano іz sobіvartіstyu zdіysnyuєtsya povіlno.

Povіlne zrostannya vitrat transported to pov'yazano yak Zi digit chastkoyu in zagalnіy sumі vitrat Pochatkova-kіntsevih operatsіy so i Zi zrostannyam short vіdstanyah vitrat, pov'yazanih tіlki s Rukh have zv'yazku s vikoristannyam kategorіy potyagіv s pіdvischenoyu chastkoyu Ruhu tare stanі at bіlshih navantazhennyah vіs on the car.

Chastina elementіv obіgu vagonіv, KOTRA not deposits od vіdstanі transported, filed on grafіku (Fig. 55). Zmіni serednodobovoї produktivnostі car i od pributku odnієї Dobie Robot car pokazanі in Fig. 56.

Fig. 55. Chastka elementіv obіgu vagonіv, Square od vіdstanі transported (in% to zagalnogo obіgu on danіy vіdstanі)

• Umovnі poznachennya:

in razі vіdsutnostі porozhnyakovogo Ruhu vagonіv;

when nayavnostі Ruhu porozhnіh vagonіv.

Fig. 56. Zmіni serednodobovoї produktivnostі car i pributkіv scho pripadayut Dobou on the robot carriage (in chasttsі to rіvnya on viznachenіy vіdstanі)

• Umovnі poznachennya:

Prybutok;

produktivnіst car.

For viznachennya vitrat on transportuvannya Vantage vikoristovuyut scheme KOTRA vrahovuє usі osnovnі Elements vitrat on dostavtsі Vantage od virobnika to spozhivacha, tobto rozrahunki new rozmіru the agriculture vidatkіv, kotrі pripadayut per ton:

C = C '+ C' + C '' '

de With - zagalny rozmіr teperіshnіh vitrat delivery Vantage od vіdpravnika to otrimuvacha;

C '- teperіshnі vitrati, pov'yazanі with delivery Vantage magіstralnogo to transport (i vivezennyam Demba s) pіd'їznim Shlyakhov abo zmіnnim mode of transport, kotrі viznachayutsya of the formula:

C '= C ch • L n,

de with CAP - vitrati transported to Vantage pіd'їznim Shlyakhov abo іnshim mode of transport to punktіv vіdpravlennya i priznachennya per 1 ton / km;

L n - vіdstan pіdvezennya Vantage to magіstralnogo Transport (abo yogo vivezennya) km;

C '' - vitrati on navantazhennya i rozvantazhennya Vantage yak on magіstralnomu, so i on transportі, Cauterets pіdvozit Vantage;

With '' '- vitrati, pov'yazanі s transported magіstralnim transport.

With '' '= C + C p nk L n,

de With the PC - vitrati Pochatkova i kіntsevih operatsіy on magіstralnomu vidі transport 1 ton of Vantage;

C p - vitrati on ruh Vantage in potyagah (s urahuvannyam vitrat on peregіn porozhnіh vagonіv i obrobku vagonіv on tehnіchnih stantsіyah 1 t / km);

L n - vіdstan transported on the Vantage magіstralnomu transportі, km.

Tehnіko-ekspluatatsіynі pokazniki avtomobіlnogo composition transport protsesі mozhna podіliti on Dvi groupies.

Persha harakterizuє stupіn vikoristannya Rukh warehouse transport: koefіtsієnt grafіchnoї gotovnostі; koefіtsієnt vikoristannya Ruhu i vantazhopіdyomnostі, serednya vіdstan transported s Vantage i serednya vіdstan Ruhu; pid hour downtime vantazhno-rozvantazhuvalnimi operatsіyami, hour naryadі; tehnіchna i ekspluatatsіyna shvidkіst.

Druga grupa harakterizuє pokazniki robots Rukh warehouse: Quantity їzdok, zagalnu vіdstan transported that ruh s Vantage, obsyag transported i transport robot.

In robotі avtomobіlnogo Transport rozrіznyayut ponyattya їzdki that obіgu.

Їzdka - complete the cycle transportnoї robot Cauterets skladaєtsya s navantazhennya Vantage on avtomobіl (t n), Ruhu ostannogo s Vantage (t p), rozvantazhennya (t roses). The I nadannya transport zasobu for the following navantazhennya (ruh without Vantage) (t trans). So rank, hour їzdki:

t їzd. = T p + t + t n roses. + T lane. .

Vrahovuyuchi shvidkіst transported per hour їzdki V w i zagalnogo Ruhu for їzdki L p, Cauterets dorіvnyuє sumі ruhіv hour t roses. . + T lane, then the formula matim Taqiy viglyad:

t їzd. P = L / V w + t in-r

de-t in the p - pid hour downtime vantazhno-rozvantazhuvalnimi robots.

Obіg vklyuchaє one abo dekіlka їzdok urahuvannyam s of scho Got povertatis Rukh warehouse in Pochatkova point.

Koefіtsієnt tehnіchnoї gotovnostі park avtomobіlіv robochem per day:

ar = Ar / A c,

de Ar - Quantity avtomobіlіv, kotrі gotovі to ekspluatatsії;

And - Quantity scheduled avtomobіlіv.

Key infrastructure Koefіtsієnt avtomobіlіv per day robochem aB:

A aB = ek / Ac

Aek de - Quantity avtomobіlіv in ekspluatuvannі.

Koefіtsієnt vikoristannya probіgu B:

B = L NP / L s,

de L NP - navantazheny probіg, km;

L s - zagalny probіg, km.

Zagalny probіg viznachayut of the formula:

de - Purshia nulovy probіg, km;

L x - Single probіg, km;

- Other nulovy probіg, km.

Serednya vіdstan їzdki s Vantage Lsr, km:

Lsr bp = L / nc,

de nc - number їzdok.

Serednya vіdstan transported L Wed, km:

de P - transport robot, t / km;

Q - obsyag transported, that is.

Tehnіchna shvidkіst Vt, km / year:

Vt = L s / t p,

de p t - h Ruhu.

Ekspluatatsіyna shvidkіst V ek km / year:

Ek V = L s / n T,

de TH - hour naryadі.

Їzdok Quantity:

nc = T / Tc,

de tc - hour odnієї їzdki.

Hour odnієї їzdki:

de-t in the p - pid hour downtime avtomobіlya vantazhno-rozvantazhuvalnimi operatsіyami.

Produktivnіst Rukh warehouse hour znahodzhennya in naryadі Q viznachaєtsya pokaznikami vantazhopіdyomnostі avtomobіlya (q)

i koefіtsієnta vikoristannya yogo vantazhopіdyomnostі K sn in the Quantity їzdok nc:

Q = q • K • nc ch.

Pіdvischennya produktivnostі Rukh warehouse Mauger Buti dosyagnuto through pokraschennya rіznih pokaznikіv avtomobіlya robots.

Yakscho in formula viznachennya produktivnostі Rukh warehouse pіdstaviti values ​​kіlkostі їzdok i h odnієї їzdki, otrimaєmo produktivnіst, KOTRA deposits od tehnіko-ekspluatatsіynih pokaznikіv robots Rukh warehouse.

Cutaneous s pokaznikіv, go to Cauterets formulas vplivaє on produktivnіst odinitsі Rukh stock: character i stupіn vplivu Tsikh pokaznikіv on produktivnіst vіdbivayutsya viznachenoyu zalezhnіstyu.

W grafіkіv mozhna zrobiti visnovki:

• Zi zbіlshennyam tehnіchnoї shvidkostі transported Vt produktivnіst Rukh warehouse in t / km i zrostaє tonnes (Figure 57, a.);
• Zi zbіlshennyam vіdstanі transported Ler produktivnіst Rukh warehouse in t / km zbіlshuєtsya (Figure 57, b.), and in tons - zmenshuєtsya (Figure 57 in.);
• when zmenshennі hour downtime Rukh warehouse pid vantazhno-rozvantazhuvalnimi operatsіyami per їzdku produktivnіst Rukh warehouse in tonnes i t / km zrostaє (Figure 57 g.);
• Zi zbіlshennyam koefіtsієnta vikoristannya probіgu? produktivnіst Rukh warehouse in tonnes i t / km zrostaє (Fig. 57, etc.).

Vazhlivim pokaznikom robots to transport Je obіvartіst avtomobіlnih transported. Povny sobіvartіst transported skladaєtsya Zi zmіnnih S gp, postіynih vitrat S village, vitrat on vantazhno rozvantazhuvalnі-robots (S-p in) i Shlyakhovoy vitrat S w:

Zmіnnimi vitratami Je vitrati, kotrі stale od probіgu avtomobіlya. Tse vitrati on palivo, tehnіchne obslugovuvannya, avtomobіlya repair amortizatsіyu Rukh warehouse that іn. Pong rozrahovuyutsya 1 km probіgu.

Before postіynih vitrat vіdnosyat nakladnі vitrati, zarobіtnu fee vodіїv (umovno) and takozh amortizatsіynі vіdrahuvannya, priznachenі on kapіtalny repair. Tsі vitrati rozrahovuyutsya for 1 year. perebuvannya avtomobіlya on pіdpriєmstvі (Square od Georeferencing perebuvannya - on lіnії in remontі, prostoї).

Vantazhno-rozvantazhuvalnі vitrati vklyuchayut usі vidatki on vikonannya Tsikh robіt (payment pratsі robіtnikіv, ekspeditorіv i mehanіzatorіv, kotrі obslugovuyut mehanіzm, vartіst elektroenergії, materіalіv that іn.). Pong rozrahovuyutsya on skin tonne transported Vantage abo 1 year. vantazhno-rozvantazhuvalnih robіt.

Shlyakhovoy Je vitrati, kotrі pov'yazanі s budіvnitstvom, repair i utrimannyam shlyahіv. Tsі vitrati vіdnosyat 1 ton / km by 1 km abo probіgu.

Perelіchenі pokazniki, Zaliznicnovo yak, so i avtomobіlnogo Transport svіdchat about the results of the work logіstichnih pіdrozdіlіv and takozh okremih logіstіv.