Organization of production - Kurochkin A.S.

4.4. Technological preparation of production

Contents and tasks of technological preparation of production

Technological preparation of production is a set of interrelated works that determine the sequence of the production process of a new product in the most rational ways, taking into account the specific conditions of production of the enterprise.

The main task of the stage of technical preparation of production is to ensure a high quality of manufacturing the product and to create conditions for the rational organization of production processes, improving the use of equipment and production areas, increasing labor productivity, reducing the consumption of materials and energy resources. This task is designed to solve the enterprise's CDP.

Technological preparation of production should be carried out in accordance with the requirements of the ESTD. It assumes:

• technological analysis of the working documentation and its control of the technological design of the parts and assemblies;

• correction of the technological documentation received from the developer organization regarding the specific conditions of the manufacturer of new products;

• development of progressive technological processes for manufacturing parts, assembly, adjustment and testing of individual components and the product as a whole;

• designing of technological equipment and non-standard equipment;

• development and introduction of rational methods of technical control;

• development of rational technological routes and, on this basis, planning of workshops and production sites with the arrangement of equipment;

• introduction (adjustment) of technological processes on production sites and workplaces;

• calculations of the production capacity of the enterprise, standards for the consumption of tools, materials, energy resources, etc.

In the process of construction, the joint efforts of the designer and the technologist should be aimed at ensuring high processability at the early stages of creating new products.

Design and technological preparation are not delimited. Already in the process of manufacturing a prototype of new products in pilot production, appropriate work on technological preparation of production should be carried out. However, the main work begins after the manufacturer receives the design documentation.

Typification and standardization of technological processes of production and control of products are based on the design and technological classification of production objects (parts, nodes), the choice of a typical representative of the object and the development of a standard or standard technological process for it.

Standard technological processes are developed for standardized and responsible details, on the quality of which depends on the service life of the product. Not only processes are standardized, but also technological operations, on which the quality of the parts depends to the greatest extent.

Standardization and typification of technological processes provide for a wide application of electronic computers for technological design, including the classification of parts and the development of technological processes.

Standardization of technological documentation provides for the creation of standards for primary forms of documents, methods for their compilation, preservation, accounting and introduction of changes.

Composition of work on technological preparation of production

In the process of technological preparation of production, technological documentation is created, in accordance with which the manufacture of products is carried out in the shops of the main production and other technological equipment in the shops of auxiliary production, as well as the operational management of the production process.

For each technological process for all operations, time norms, norms for the consumption of materials and energy resources are developed. This work is carried out by the bureau of norms of OSG. Technologists establish "narrow" spaces, "leading groups of equipment" and, according to a special methodology, calculate the production capacity of the enterprise and workshops. Other OGT units perform the following functions:

• request in the logistics department (OMS) readiness for the supply of materials;

• plan the production and creation of stocks;

• develop schedules of technological preparation of manufacture on shops of the enterprise;

• carry out economic assessment and selection of technological processes;

• Schedule the commissioning of equipment;

• make nesting charts for the calculation of material standards;

• keep records, store, reproduce and issue technological documentation.

In conclusion, we note that modern technology makes it possible to produce the same products in various ways. When choosing the optimal variant of the technological process, the economic effect is calculated according to the resulted costs and compared with the replaced technology. At the same time, two groups of indicators are used as an assessment: the technological cost and capital investments necessary to purchase equipment, rigging, R & D expenses, technological preparation of production, etc.

Comparing the technological cost and capital costs by different technologies, they choose the optimal variant of the technological process and determine the critical level of the production program of the enterprise (break-even point).