home Insurance lecture notes Ctrahuvannya - Abstract lektsіy

Ctrahuvannya - Abstract lektsіy

Subject 3. Insurance rinok

INSURANCE rinok - tse sphere ekonomіchnih vіdnosin have protsesі yakih formuyutsya popit i propozitsіya on strahovі Hotel is the act of zdіysnyuєtsya їh kupіvlі-sale.

In bіlshostі ekonomіchno rozvinenih kraїn Power іstotno vplivaє on natsіonalny INSURANCE rinok through zakonodavstvo th upovnovazhenі strahovі organіzatsії in yakih won volodіє, yak usually valued package aktsіy. Takі insurers conductive for doruchennyam powers spetsifіchnі Vidi strahuvannya that vikonuyut role svoєrіdnogo bar'єra for vіdplivu currency at strahuvannya channels that reinsurance across the border. Napriklad, kompanії zdіysnyuyut strahuvannya eksportnih kreditіv, dwellers zaohotiti natsіonalny eksport. In bagatoh kraїnah zakrіpleno zakonodavchu norm schodo obov'yazkovogo sent messages upovnovazhenim INSURANCE kompanіyam from reinsurance that spіvstrahuvannya fіksovanogo vіdsotka vsіh rizikіv, SSMSC priymayutsya on strahuvannya in danіy kraїnі. Zavdyaki tsomu vdaєtsya yakomoga povnіshe vikoristovuvati mіstkіst insurance market analysis th zabezpechuvati bezposerednіy Reigning control mozhlivimi channels vіdplivu currency across the border.

Ostannіm hour uniquely posilen konkurentsіya mіzh bankіvskim that the insurance bіznesom, i a winner in tsіy konkurentnіy borotbі often vihodyat strahovі kompanії. Poshirenim kompromіsnim way virіshennya competitive superechnostey mіzh the insurance that was set the bankіvskimi zlittya in tіy chi іnshіy formі bankіvskogo th insurance bіznesu in єdiny conglomerate yaky odnochasno zabezpechuє bankіvskі that strahovі Hotel.

Banks proponuyut strahovі Hotel and strahovі kompanії vіdkrivayut depozitnі that oschadnі rahunki; іnkoli banks stvoryuyut dochіrnі strahovі structures and strahovі kompanії take fate in bankіvskih formuvannyah. In okremih kraїnah dozvolyaєtsya zlittya bankіv Zi INSURANCE kompanіyami. Krіm addition, banks often kupuyut tsіnnі Paper the i stayut vlasnikami іstotnoї chastki tsіnnih paperіv INSURANCE kompanіy abo, navpaki, strahovі kompanії stayut vlasnikami tsіnnih paperіv bankіv. Nerіdko banks that strahovі kompanії ukladayut mіzh him kooperativnі lands that utvoryuyut spіlne pіdpriєmstvo, zalishayuchis at tsomu Square.

In bіlshostі kraїn strahovі kompanії actively zaluchenі up of the Pension bіznesu, in the framework of an active yakogo stink th uspіshno konkuruyut s іnshimi іnstitutami tsogo market analysis (pensіynimi funds i t. Іn.). Skazhіmo have Frantsії that Velikіy Britanії uspіhi insurance bіznesu in tsіy sferі nastіlki perekonlivі scho Uryadov Tsikh kraїn Nadali nayvplivovіshim INSURANCE kompanіyam ofіtsіynі allowed for the right to sell that upravlіnnya pensіynimi Costa.

Realієyu sogodennya became aktivіzatsіya mіzhnarodnoї dіyalnostі INSURANCE kompanіy (Especially in Єvropі Zi stvorennyam Єvropeyskogo Union) and the Same zlittya INSURANCE kompanіy, SSMSC mіstyatsya in rіznih kraїnah, i novih vіdkrittya fіlіy behind a cordon. W 1999 roku 16 chervnya Nabeul chinnostі lands about partnership mіzh With Ukraine that kraїnami Єvrosoyuzu in chastinі bankіvskoї that strahovoї dіyalnostі, yak peredbachaє, zokrema, stvorennya for іnozemnih strahovikіv minds, not gіrshih for Ti, scho іsnuyut for strahovikіv-rezidentіv. Looking around at the W Tales of insurance rinok Ukraine zaznaє іstotnih for Change, about the SSMSC ytimetsya Dali.

In rozvinenih kraїnah strahuvannya Yea one іz nayvazhlivіshih sektorіv natsіonalnoї Economy i zabezpechuє pererozpodіl to 15% of gross vnutrіshnogo product. Zagalny obsyag nadhodzhen to byudzhetіv Tsikh kraїn od strahovoї the Branch porіvnyanny s obsyagom vіdpovіdnih nadhodzhen od bankіvskoї system. Akumulovanі through strahuvannya groshovі Costa Je Jerel great іnvestitsіy.

In bagatoh kraїnah svitu insurance right rozglyadaєtsya yak okrema Galuzo ekonomіchnoї dіyalnostі. Before neї incoming rіznomanіtnі for vlasnostі forms, views strahuvannya organіzatsії-insurers, poserednitskі that іnformatsіyno-konsultatsіynі structure. HEAD Location at the Branch strahovіy nalezhit insurers.

Insurers - tse organіzatsіya, KOTRA zgіdno s otrimanoyu lіtsenzієyu bere on itself for Pevnyi fee zobov'yazannya in razі nastannya insurance vipadku vіdshkoduvati strahuvalnikovі chi ladies, yakih vіn calling, zavdany zbitok abo viplatiti Strakhov scrip.

When stvorennі insurers statutory fund guilty Buti splacheny tіlki in groshovіy formі, Hoca dozvolyaєtsya yogo formuvannya i tsіnnimi Papero, SSMSC vipuskaє Power on їh nomіnalnoyu vartіstyu, ale not bіlshe 25% zagalnogo rozmіru statutory fund. For tsogo fund formuvannya zaboronyaєtsya vikoristovuvati vekselі, Costa INSURANCE rezervіv and takozh Costa, oderzhanі in credit pid outpost poziku that, i vnositi nematerіalnі assets. Pіdpriєmstva, set that organіzatsії not mozhut Why insurers Shlyakhov Contributions for Change to statutory dokumentіv, Yakscho stink poperedno Ziman іnshim view dіyalnostі, navіt in razі vikonannya PROVISIONS tsієї stattі.

Sukupnіst strahovikіv scho funktsіonuyut in Pevnyi ekonomіchnomu seredovischі, utvoryuє insurance system. її smut zavdannya - nadannya INSURANCE poslug.

The shape of the vlasnostі insurers shaping can Buti i Reigning privacy.

For character robots insurers podіlyayutsya into three groups:

1. takі scho strahuyut Zhittya;
2. zdіysnyuyut INSHI Vidi strahuvannya;
3. nadayut viklyuchno perestrahuvalnі Hotel.

Derzhavnі (publіchnі) insurers stvoryuyutsya, yak usually od іmenі Uryadov, yaky them keruє minutes.

Sered Private strahovikіv in svіtovіy praktitsі Je іndivіdualnі individuals aktsіonernі that INSHI strahovі tovaristva. Spіvvіdnoshennya mіzh Reigning i Private forms strahovikіv deposits od suspіlnogo arrange Kraina that ekonomіchnoї polіtiki powers.

In kolishnomu CPCP that іnshih on the hour sotsіalіstichnih kraїnah Єvropi іsnuvala monopolіya the insurance dіyalnіst. Usі strahovі operatsії zdіysnyuvalis through derzhavnі organіzatsії. In Radyans'ka Soyuzі tse CCB Derzhstrah CPCP, yaky MAV rozgaluzhenu system respublіkanskih i mіstsevih upravlіn that vіddіlen.

Monopolіya on strahuvannya pritamanna not tіlki kraїnam sotsіalіstichnoї orієntatsії. Monopolіzovanoyu Bula Pevnyi hour insurance right in tsarskіy Russie, Frantsії, deyakih іnshih kraїnah. The I ninі mozhna nazvati Kraina s rinkovoyu ekonomіkoyu de zberіgaєtsya monopolіya the insurance right. Before them nalezhat, napriklad, Іrlandska Republic (strahuvannya Health Protection), Іndonezіya (usі Vidi strahuvannya). Sistemi strahuvannya takozh shaping can Buti rіznimi.

Spetsifіchnimi Je th іndivіdualnі insurers. Before іndivіdualnih strahovikіv, zokrema, nalezhat fіzichnі individuals ob'єdnanі syndicate, scho dіyut on the insurance type Rink Lloyd (Lloyd Londonsky Winick slit in the XVII century.). Teper Corporation Lloyd nalіchuє Ponad 30 tis. chlenіv, ob'єdnanih in kіlka hundred sindikatіv. Vaughn did not Nese vіdpovіdalnostі of insurance zobov'yazannyami svoїh chlenіv. Dіyalnіst korporatsії Lloyd regulyuєtsya spetsіalnim law.

Lloyd - tse rinok INSURANCE poslug svіtovogo values. Here perevazhaє strahuvannya morskih, avіatsіynih, avtomobіlnih, naftogazodobuvnih rizikіv. Corporation stvoryuє neodmіnnі minds for uspіshnoї strahovoї dіyalnostі svoїh chlenіv. Lloyd privablyuє strahuvalnikіv s usogo svitu good vіdpratsovanimi th stabіlnimi minds strahuvannya, Visoko kvalіfіkatsієyu anderrayterіv.

Syndicates formuyutsya, yak rule, views strahuvannya. Ocholyuє underwriter syndicate, yaky bere on strahuvannya riziki od іmenі svoїh chlenіv. Sered chlenіv skin іz sindikatіv bagato vіdomih bіznesmenіv, dіyachіv science that culture. The fate Tsikh osіb not deprivation zmіtsnyuє korporatsіyu Lloyd fіnansovo and second pіdnіmaє authority її in suspіlstvі.

Uwagi! In Ukraїnі, yak i in bagatoh іnshih powers, the basis of strahovoї Sistemi stanovlyat kompanії in viglyadі aktsіonernih tovaristv.

Aktsіonerne Strahov tovaristvo (Corporation) - tse type kompanії, yak i stvoryuєtsya dіє Zi statutory kapіtalom, podіlenim on Pevnyi Quantity chastok - aktsіy. Paid aktsіya daє її vlasnikovі right to participate in upravlіnnі tovaristvom i otrimannya Chastain pributku in formі divіdendіv. Aktsіonernі tovaristva buvayut vіdkritogo Closed-i type. In Ukraїnі in strahovіy іndustrії perevazhayut aktsіonernі tovaristva Closed-type.

For teritorієyu obslugovuvannya kompanії mozhna podіliti on mіstsevі, regіonalnі, natsіonalnі that transnatsіonalnі. At sorry ninі practical vіdsutnya statistics ukladenih dogovorіv cutaneous kompanієyu in furrows oblastі. Lіtsenzії mayzhe vsіm kompanіyam vidanі s right zdіysnennya dіyalnostі on teritorії vsієї Kraina. Tom vazhko viokremiti strahovikіv, SSMSC dіyut deprivation in furrows Pevnyi regіonu.

Procedure stvorennya novih abo reorganіzatsії іsnuyuchih INSURANCE kompanіy regulyuєtsya yak zagalnimi laws (about pіdpriєmnitsku dіyalnіst, reєstratsіyu that lіtsenzuvannya Yurydychna osіb, vikonannya penny-currency operatsіy, ruh tsіnnih paperіv i t. Іn.), So i zakonodavstvom scho Especially stosuєtsya strahovoї dіyalnostі.

Process stvorennya strahovoї kompanії mozhna podіliti two Etap: formuvannya yuridichnoї individual i nadannya їy status of insurers. Bezperechno, tsі Etap tіsno vzaєmozv'yazanі scho vіdbivaєtsya in ustanovchih documents rozmіrі statutory fund viznachennі areas dіyalnostі toscho.

Yuridichnі individuals (krіm bankіv) toil Buti zareєstrovanі in admіnіstratsіyah for mіstsem roztashuvannya. Kompaniia, KOTRA otrimala reєstratsіyne posvіdchennya yak pіdpriєmnitska structure Mauger vikonuvati pevnі fіnansovі operatsії, pov'yazanі formuvannyam s statutory fund pіdgotovkoyu ofіsu, rozmіschennyam timchasovo vіlnih koshtіv penny. Ale at tsomu not etapі kompaniia slit Je insurers. Vaughn nabuvaє such status tіlki pіslya її Adding to the Sovereign reєstru strahovikіv that vidachі їy lіtsenzії the right zdіysnennya Pevnyi vidіv strahuvannya.

INSURANCE rinok Got his vnutrіshnyu structural Budova that zovnіshnє otochennye. Yogo vnutrіshnya Budova, s one side, represented sub'єktami insurance market analysis, s іnshogo - insurance products, scho realіzuyutsya. Zovnіshnє otochennye presented Lanka fіnansovoї Sistemi powers that sphere mіzhnarodnih fіnansіv, s phone reception yakimi viznachaєtsya for napryamkami Ruhu potokіv penny.

Vnutrіshnya structural Budova insurance market analysis for the insurance sub'єktami vіdnosin presented troma main sectors:

1st sector - upovnovazheny sovereign authority over insurance dіyalnіstyu lucid;

2nd sector - strukturnі Elements of the insurance market analysis - insurers, strahuvalniki that ob'єdnannya strahovikіv;

3rd sector - Elements іnfrastrukturi - strahovі that nestrahovі poseredniki.

Figure 1. The structural Budova Department fіnansovih SET that rinkіv Mіnіsterstva fіnansіv Ukraine

Fig. 2. Elements of the insurance market analysis Strukturnі Ukraine

Figure 3. Poseredniki insurance market analysis

Zapitannya for samoperevіrki

1. Shcho vklyuchaє a ponyattya "insurance rinok"?
2. SSMSC neobhіdnі minds іsnuvannya insurance market analysis?
3. Shcho Je ob'єktom insurance market analysis?
4. Hto Je sub'єktami insurance market analysis?
5. Yaka structural Budova insurance market analysis?
6. In chomu polyagaє zmіst that ponyatіyne navantazhennya elementіv insurance market analysis?
7. Dati Elements characteristic of the insurance market analysis.
8. SSMSC Je regulators that іnstrumenti insurance market analysis?
9. In chomu polyagaє zmіst produktіv of insurance that the insurance poslug?
10. In chomu polyagaє osoblivіst insurance products yak product?
11. SSMSC strahovі Hotel that strahovі produkti realіzuyutsya on the insurance market analysis?
12. SSMSC Je Method realіzatsії produktіv INSURANCE?
13. Yak harakterizuєtsya Suchasnyj camp insurance market analysis?
14. SSMSC problems on the insurance market analysis of Ukraine?
15. SSMSC eg rozvitku insurance market analysis of Ukraine?