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Receptionists pratsі - Moskalova VM

4.4 ventilation virobnichih primіschen

Ventilation - tse regulovany povіtroobmіn scho zabezpechuє vidalennya s primіschennya zabrudnenogo povіtrya i feed on Location vidalenogo svіzhogo povіtrya.

The basic vimoga to ventilyatsіynih systems - tse viluchennya s primіschennya zabrudnenogo, vologogo abo nagrіtogo povіtrya that serve to clean Yogi Location povіtrya scho vіdpovіdaє sanіtarno-gіgієnіchnim vimogam.

For the way peremіschennya povіtrya ventilation buvaє Nature, pieces (mehanіchna) that sumіschena (natural that odnochasno unit-load).

Fallow od priznachennya - for podachі chi vidalennya povіtrya abo for th іnshogo odnochasno - ventilation Mauger Buti priplivnoyu, vityazhnoyu abo priplivno-vityazhnoyu.

For mіstsem dії ventilation buvaє zagalnoobmіnnoyu i mіstsevoyu.

On virobnitstvah often vlashtovuyut kombіnovanі Sistemi ventilyatsії (zagalnoobmіnnі mіstsevoyu s i t. Іn), and in okremih vipadkah i avarіynu ventilyatsіyu, yak usually won proektuєtsya vityazhnoyu.

Sistemi ventilyatsії toil Buti pozhezho - th vibuhobezpechnimi, easy to oblashtuvannі not pereoholodzhuvati primіschennya not stvoryuvati nadmіrnogo noise Buti nadіynimi in ekspluatatsії that ekonomnimi. Krіm passports on skin ventilyatsіynu installation skladayut ekspluatatsії magazine.

The natural ventilation

The natural ventilation vіdbuvaєtsya vnaslіdok rіznitsі temperature povіtrya in primіschennі i zzovnі and takozh in rezultatі dії vіtru. Rіznitsya temperatures obumovlyuє nadhodzhennya cold povіtrya in primіschennya th vidalennya s Demba warm povіtrya. Pid dієyu vіtru s navіtryanogo side budіvlі vinikaє, pіdvischeny vice and s pіdvіtryanogo - rozrіdzheny. Rozrіdzhennya zumovlyuє vityazhku warm th zabrudnenogo povіtrya s primіschennya, and Yogo zamіnu nadlishok vise zumovlyuє nadhodzhennya svіzhogo povіtrya.

The natural ventilation Mauger Buti neorganіzovanoyu i organіzovanoyu.

Provіtryuvannya zdіysnyuєtsya zavdyaki temperature difference i Sealy vіtru through Vikna that kvatirki for rakhunok i іnfіltratsії - prosochuvannya povіtrya through Vikna, neschіlnostі vіkon, doors i budіvelnih materіalіv. Ploscha vіkon, kvatirok i transoms, scho zabezpechuyut natural ventilyatsіyu Got stanoviti od 2 to 4% ploschі pіdlogi.

Organіzovana The natural ventilation - tse aeratsіya. For aeratsії in stіnah budіvlі roblyat opened unto nadhodzhennya zovnіshnogo povіtrya, while verhnіy chastinі - spetsіalnі lіhtarі for vidalennya vіdpratsovanogo povіtrya.

Dwellers posiliti natural ventilyatsіyu in virobnichih primіschennyah vstanovlyuyut vityazhnі sound a trumpet s deflectors on 1.5-2m vische crest Dahu in zonі efektivnoї dії vіtru. Vіter scho obtіkaє deflector stvoryuє znizheny porіvnyano s atmospheric vise vnaslіdok chogo on vityazhnіy trubі Vgoru ruhaєtsya povіtrya s primіschennya th vidalyaєtsya in navkolishnє seredovische.

For Borotba s nadlishkami heat aeratsіya Got perevagu misrepresented scho velicheznі ob'єmi povіtrya (m mіlyoni / G) podayutsya i vidalyayutsya without ventilyatorіv i povіtroprovodіv. Aeratsіya deshevshe th prostіsha in ekspluatatsії porіvnyano s mehanіchnimi ventilyatsії systems.

Nedolіkom prirodnoї ventilyatsії Yea those scho Won little efektivnosti of Visoko temperatures zovnіshnogo povіtrya, Especially in bezvіtryanu weather.

Mehanіchna ventilation

The system mehanіchnoї ventilyatsії ruh povіtrya zdіysnyuєtsya for Relief ventilyatorіv. Mehanіchna ventilation Mauger Buti robochem avarіynoyu abo, yak proektuyut on quiet virobnitstvah de mozhlive nadhodzhennya in povіtrya znachnoї kіlkostі shkіdlivih abo vibuhonebezpechnih rechovin.

Avarіyna ventilation vmikaєtsya automatic and when dosyagnennі granichnoї kontsentratsії nebezpechnih rechovin i Got zabezpechuvati 8-12 multiples povіtroobmіn per hour.

Mehanіchna robochem ventilation Mauger Buti zagalnoobmіnnoyu, mіstsevoyu abo kombіnovanoyu.

Dwellers zabezpechiti Normal povіtroobmіn neobhіdnu Quantity povіtrya viznachayut vіdpovіdno to nayavnih shkіdlivih chinnikіv specific to the virobnitstva.

Neobhіdny povіtroobmіn (m / Year) basic quantities for Je viznachennya parametrіv ventilyatsіynoї system is the Vibor neobhіdnogo ventilyatsіynogo obladnannya.

For the principle of the robot fan buvayut osovі, vіdtsentrovі th dіametralnі. Fan vigotovlyayutsya rіznih rozmіrіv i dermal s are vіdpovіdaє number yaky pokazuє value dіametra robochem wheel in decimetres.

Zagalnoobmіnna ventilation zabezpechuє stvorennya vіdpovіdnogo mіkroklіmatu in vsomu ob'єmі primіschennya. Tsey view ventilyatsії Got Dvi system - priplivnu th vityazhnu, SSMSC odnochasno podayut in primіschennya clean povіtrya Chastain at the bottom, and z verhnoї Zoni vidalyayut zabrudnene.

Priymalnі pristroї for fence zovnіshnogo povіtrya rozmіschuyut over pokrіvleyu budіvel, Yakscho vіdsutnі vikidi povіtrya, zabrudnenogo shkіdlivimi rechovinami abo Yakscho tsі vikidi vіdvedenі for mezhі aerodinamіchnoї tіnі, yak stvoryuє vіter scho nabіgaє on budіvlyu.

For primіschen in yakih Got Booty nadіyny povіtroobmіn vlashtovuyut priplivno-vityazhnu zagalnoobmіnnu ventilyatsіyu. Tsey view ventilyatsії oblashtovuyut primіschennі have de-valued vidіlyaєtsya Quantity shkіdlivih rechovin i de vityazhka Got Booty 10% bіlshoyu nіzh sailed dwellers shkіdlivі rechovini not have vitіsnyalisya susіdnі primіschennya.

In tsіy sistemі ventilyatsії vikoristovuyut not zovnіshnє povіtrya deprivation, and th povіtrya primіschen pіslya yogo purification. Repeated vikoristannya povіtrya primіschen nazivaєtsya retsirkulyatsієyu. Vaughn vikoristovuєtsya in cold perіod rock s metoyu ekonomії heat scho vitrachaєtsya on pіdіgrіvannya priplivnogo povіtrya. For retsirkulyatsії vikoristovuyutsya deprivation povіtrya quiet primіschen de vіdsutnі vidіlennya shkіdlivih rechovin.

Priplivna mehanіchna ventilation proektuєtsya in primіschennyah Zi digit teplovidіlennyami i nevisokoyu kontsentratsієyu shkіdlivih rechovin. Tsya ventilyatsії system zabezpechuє supply of clean zovnіshnogo povіtrya in primіschennya and vidalennya zabrudnenogo povіtrya zdіysnyuєtsya through ventilyatsіynі opened the transom, the deflector.

Vityazhna zagalnoobmіnna ventilation proektuєtsya there vіdsutnі de vikidi shkіdlivih rechovin that small kratnіst povіtroobmіnu and takozh in dopomіzhnih, pobutovih that skladskih primіschennyah.

Povіtrya to warehouse yakogo incoming vibuhonebezpechnі abo nepriєmnopahnuschі rechovini vidalyayut the atmosphere vische rіvnya aerodinamіchnoї tіnі, yak stvoryuє budіvlya. Tsogo dosyagayut for Relief temple pipes ( "fakelnі" vikidi).

Zagalnoobmіnnu priplivno-mehanіchnu ventilyatsіyu primіschen without natural provіtryuvannya proektuyut so zabezpechuvati dwellers in them not less then i dvoh priplivnih dvoh vityazhnih ventilyatsіynih installations s produktivnіstyu kozhnoї not less then 50% potrіbnogo povіtroobmіnu. Ob'єm podavaєmogo povіtrya zasobami mehanіchnoї ventilyatsії Got stanoviti not less then 60 m 3 / year per pratsyuyuchogo, ale not less then once per hour povіtroobmіnu. Dozvolyaєtsya proektuvati on odnіy priplivnіy i odnіy vityazhnіy ustanovtsі tіlki todі, if the stench zabezpechenі redundant fans, yaky automatic and vklyuchaєtsya at zupintsі robochem.

Procedure rozrahunku ventilyatsіynoї MEREZHI Je Taqiy:

• vibirayut konfіguratsіyu MEREZHI;
• viznachayut poperechnі rozmіri povіtrovodіv;
• rozrahovuyut opіr MEREZHI;
• for directory pіdbirayut fan i elektrodvigun

Main zavdannyam rozrahunku ventilyatsіynih systems Je viznachennya kіlkostі povіtrya (m3 / year), neobhіdnogo for yogo abo nadhodzhennya viluchennya s primіschennya.

Povіtroobmіn viznachayut rozrahunkovim Shlyakhov for specific danimi about Quantity shkіdlivih vidіlen (heat vologi, betting, gas chain saw).

Rozrahunki povіtroobmіnu for proektuvannya ventilyatsіynih systems underwrite metі zabezpechennya nalezhnogo sanіtarno-gіgієnіchnogo will have robochіy zonі virobnichogo primіschennya.