home Finance books Groshі that credit - V. Pakhomov I.

Groshі that credit - V. Pakhomov I.

Metodichnі Price not specified by vivchennya distsiplіni Groshі that loan

1. Subject Pohodzhennya, sutnіst i funktsії pennies

For z'yasuvannya sutnostі pennies neobhіdno nasampered rozglyanuti power pohodzhennya pennies. Іsnuє Dvi kontseptsії pohodzhennya pennies: ratsіonalіstichna that evolyutsіyna. Zgіdno s ratsіonalіstichnoyu kontseptsієyu groshі z'yavilisya in rezultatі domovlenostі mіzh people to zruchnostі commodity obmіnu. Evolyutsіyna kontseptsіya rozglyadaє appeared pennies yak naslіdok rozvitku commodity virobnitstva i neobhіdnostі commodity obmіnu.

Zvernіmo uwagi to the role of powers in tvorennі pennies. Power viznachaє їhnyu form zovnіshnіy viglyad, prilashtovuє їh to konkretnoї ekonomіchnoї situatsії. їy takozh nalezhit regulyuyucha role schodo masi pennies in obіgu. Thus the rank at vprovadzhennі kozhnoї novoї FORMS pennies role ratsіonalnogo chinnika Got Location of order s evolyutsіynim character її viniknennya.

Slіd zupinitisya on vivchennі evolyutsії pennies penny i vіdnosin, z'yasuvati scho sprichinilo zmіnu some forms pennies іnshimi i yak zmіna forms vplivaє pennies on zmіnu organіzatsії vіdnosin penny. Spochatku zamіst trademark pennies in obіgu z'yavilisya povnotsіnnі metalevі groshі, vartіst yakih dorіvnyuvala vartostі metal, s yakogo vigotovlenі stench. On the following etapі in obіgu z'yavilis nepovnotsіnnі metalevі groshі. Potіm z'yavilis paperovі groshі, SSMSC not toil vlasnoї substantsіonalnoї vartostі. Forms Suchasnyj nepovnotsіnnih (simvolіchnih) pennies Je paperovі groshі, bezgotіvkovі (depozitnі) that elektronnі groshі. Pong funktsіonuyut zavdyaki authority powers that dovіrі ekonomіchnih sub'єktіv up to them to їh nazivayut dekretivnimi, abo Credit. Neobhіdno pridіliti uwagi reasons demonezatsії gold tobto zamіni gold pennies on paperovі.

Viniknennya paperovih pennies Bulo pov'yazane s great pace virobnitstva zbіlshennyam i have zv'yazku s CIM require of pennies. Zoloti groshі could not zadovolniti INCREASING popitu, oskіlki on au-Perche, Quantity prirodі obmezhena gold, in other words, gold has been viewed sobіvartіst vidobutku great.

Rozglyanemo power sutnostі pennies. Slіd vіdmіtiti, scho Pokey Absent odnoznachnoї vіdpovіdі on tse power. Bіlshis vchenih in svoїh sudzhennyah vihodyat іz funktsіonalnogo priznachennya pennies. Napriklad: "All scho vikonuє funktsії pennies, Je groshі", "Je Groshі zagalnim ekvіvalentom vartostі on yaky mozhna obmіnyati whether yaky goods".

Fallow od tsіley vikoristannya rozglyadayut groshі groshі yak yak i groshі kapіtal. On vіdmіnu od Perche, groshі yak kapіtal vikoristovuyut s metoyu otrimannya dodatkovoї vartostі, stink stayut nosієm kapіtalu.

Vazhlivim Je power vartostі pennies. Nepovnotsіnnі groshі carols vartostі in protsesі їh obmіnu on materіalnі good.

Vartіst pennies dorіvnyuє їh kupіvelnіy spromozhnostі, tobto kіlkostі tovarіv i poslug, SSMSC mozhna pridbati one penny odinitsyu. Vivchayuchi vartіst pennies neobhіdno porіvnyati vartіst povnotsіnnih i nepovnotsіnnih pennies. Krіm vartostі, suchasnі groshі mozhut mother i tsіnu. Tsіnoyu pennies Je interest rates rozmіri yakoї viznachayutsya on penny market analysis fallow od spіvvіdnoshennya mіzh popitom that propozitsієyu them.

In protsesі suspіlnogo vіdtvorennya groshі zdіysnyuyut pevnі dії schodo obslugovuvannya Ruhu vartostі, SSMSC nazivayutsya funktsіyami pennies. Meals kіlkostі funktsіy pennies viznachennya sutnostі okremih funktsіy Je diskusіynim. Predstavniki marksistskoї teorії pennies viznachayut p'yat funktsіy: mіra vartostі, zasіb obіgu, zasіb payments zasіb nagromadzhennya, svіtovі groshі.

Zdіysnyuyuchi funktsіyu mіri vartostі, groshі nadayut kіlkіsnogo virazu ekonomіchnim processes that goods have viglyadі tsіni.

In the minds funktsіonuvannya povnotsіnnih pennies at them zdіysnennі funktsії mіri vartostі zastosovuvavsya tsіn scale tobto vagova Quantity noble metals, scho її mіstit odinitsya penny. For Suchasnyj minds scale tsіn not zastosovuєtsya. Funktsіyu mіri vartostі groshі vikonuyut іdealno fact scho at viznachennі tsіni on goods that Hotel and takozh at viznachennі vartіsnih ekonomіchnih pokaznikіv nayavnіst potrіbna not pennies.

Vivchayuchi funktsії pennies yak zasobu obіgu i zasobu payments neobhіdno zvernuti uwagi on Find our їhnі osnovnі. Zdіysnyuyuchi funktsіyu zasobu obіgu, groshі Je poserednikom in obmіnі tovarіv. Yak funktsіya zasobu payment groshі takozh Je poserednikom in protsesі kupіvlі-sale, ale payment zdіysnyuєtsya not vіdrazu and protyagom Pevnyi hour. Groshі yak zasіb payment toil bіlshu scope vikoristannya. Pong obslugovuyut not tіlki tovaroobmіn and second repayment іnshih borgovih zobov'yazan.

Zdіysnyuyuchi funktsіyu zasobu nagromadzhennya, groshі obslugovuyut nagromadzhennya vartostі in protsesі rozshirenogo vіdtvorennya. Pid hour vivchennya tsієї funktsії pennies neobhіdno zasvoїti її acquaint themselves, zvernuti uwagi on the form nagromadzhen. Potrіbno viznachiti tsіlі nagromadzhennya vartostі and the Same: zberezhennya vartostі, stvorennya reserve platіzhnih zasobіv, mozhlivіst otrimannya dodatkovogo income.

Vikonuyuchi funktsіyu svіtovih pennies groshі obslugovuyut ruh vartostі in mіzhnarodnomu ekonomіchnomu obіgu that zabezpechuyut realіzatsіyu vіdnosin mіzh powers. Slіd zaznachiti, scho tsya funktsіya poєdnuє OAO All funktsії pennies, SSMSC stink zdіysnyuyut vnutrіshnomu on market analysis.

Prote funktsіyu svіtovih pennies vikonuyut not OAO All natsіonalnі currency and tіlki groshі Pevnyi rozvinenih kraїn that kolektivnі currency.

Masa pennies in obіgu - tse sukupnіst pennies, SSMSC toil ekonomіchnі sub'єkti in Pevnyi time hour. Fallow stage od lіkvіdnostі penny masu podіlyayut on groshovі aggregates: M0, M1, M2, M3.

Before M0 vklyuchayut gotіvku scho is staying pose bankіvskoyu system tobto in Kasakh of companies that in the population.

Unit M1 vіdobrazhaє Costa M0 that Costa on rahunkah to zapitannya.

Aggregate M2 mіstit groshі aggregate M1 is the Costa vsіh on the kinds of string rahunkіv.

Unit M3 vklyuchaє groshі M2 aggregate that Costa on deposits of Trust operatsіyami bankіv.

For potreb analіzu that regulyuvannya, krіm penny agregatіv, vikoristovuyut pokaznik groshovoї bazi. Vіn vklyuchaє all gotіvku pose bankіvskoyu system i in Kasakh bankіv that the bag rezervіv bankіv on їh korespondentskih rahunkah in natsіonalnomu bank.

Osnovnі ponyattya those

Ratsіonalіstichna kontseptsіya; evolyutsіyna kontseptsіya; povnotsіnnі groshі; nepovnotsіnnі groshі; kreditnі groshі; paperovі groshі; bankіvskі groshі; the bill; banknote; klasichna banknote; elektronnі groshі; depozitnі groshі; groshі yak groshі; groshі yak kapіtal; kvazіgroshі; vartіst pennies; kupіvelna spromozhnіst; Cena pennies; tsіn scale; bіlonna coin; bіmetalіzm; monometalіzm; zolotozlitkovy standard; gold standard; zolotodevіzny standard; barter; demonetizatsіya gold; Penny base; Penny unit.

Zapitannya is the test for self-control

1. Give viznachennya pennies.

2. Poyasnіt viniknennya pennies vnaslіdok rozvitku commodity obmіnu.

3. Nazvіt kontseptsії pohodzhennya pennies.

4. Poyasnіt sutnіst ratsіonalіstichnoї kontseptsії.

5. Visvіtlіt spetsifіku spozhivchoї that mіnovoї vartostі pennies.

6. chomu polyagaє vіdmіnnіst mіzh groshima groshima yak yak i groshima kapіtalom?

7. Coley vikoristovuyut groshі kapіtal yak?

8. Nazvіt FORMS pennies.

9. Perelіchіt i skharakterizuyte vlastivostі pennies.

10. Reason Nazvіt demonetizatsії gold.

11. Yaku funktsіyu groshі vikonuyut іdealno i chomu?

12. Yaka rіznitsya mіzh funktsієyu pennies yak zasobu obіgu i funktsієyu pennies yak zasobu payment?

13. Scope vikoristannya pennies yak zasobu obіgu.

14. yakіy funktsії groshі naybіlshe poterpayut od іnflyatsії?

15. SSMSC funktsії zdіysnyuyut svіtovі groshі?

16. Chi OAO All natsіonalnі groshovі odinitsі zdіysnyuyut funktsіyu svіtovih pennies?

17. SSMSC groshі nalezhat to Credit?

18. Yaka rіznitsya mіzh Credit i paperovimi groshima?

19. Poyasnіt phone reception mіzh vartіstyu Suchasnyj pennies i kupіvelnoyu spromozhnіstyu.

20. chomu polyagaє are tsіni pennies?

21. Poyasnіt ponyattya "groshі deshevshayut" i "groshі znetsіnyuyutsya".

22. Yaka rіznitsya mіzh povnotsіnnimi th nepovnotsіnnimi groshima?

23. SSMSC groshі incoming to groshovoї bazi?

24. Before yakogo trumpery unit nalezhit gotіvka in Kasakh bankіv?

25. Give viznachennya ponyattyu "penny machine." 2b.Yak rozrahovuєtsya pokaznik "Penny base"?

27. SSMSC groshі not Je Credit:

a) kaznacheyskі bіleti?

b) bankіvskі bіleti?

c) Credit kartka?

g) elektronnі groshі? e) check?

d) the bill?

28. Yaku titles toil gotіvkovі groshovі signs scho vipuskayutsya emіsіynimi banks:

a) vekselі?

b) checks?

c) kaznacheyskі bіleti?

g) bankіvskі bіleti?

29. Yaku funktsіyu vikonuyut groshі, obslugovuyuchi processes tsіnoutvorennya i chomu:

a) yak zasіb obіgu?

b) yak zasіb payment?

c) yak mіra vartostі?

g) yak zasіb nagromadzhennya? e) yak svіtovі groshі?

30. SSMSC groshі nalezhat to paperovih:

a) groshovі signs vigotovlenі Paper the h?

b) whether SSMSC groshі, nomіnalna vartіst yakih not zbіgaєtsya s vartіstyu zastosovanogo at їh viroblennі materіalu?

c) vartostі signs scho vipuskayutsya powers for pokrittya Reigning vitrat?

31. chomu bazuєtsya Dovira sub'єktіv to znakіv vartostі yak to povnotsіnnih pennies?

32. In chomu polyagaє vіdmіnnіst mіzh paperovimi groshima i bankіvskimi bіletami?

33. Yaku funktsіyu vikonuyut groshі:

a) when kupіvlі in magazinі televіzora for gotіvku?

b) when viznachennі sobіvartostі produktsії?

c) if on a string rozmіschennі depozitі in a jar?

g) kupіvlі refrigerator rozstrochku? e) when oplatі Communal poslug?

d) at splatі pіdpriєmstvom podatkіv in the budget?

34. In essence the law chomu polyagaє Greshima - Copernicus i s yakoyu yakіsnoyu vlastivіstyu pennies tse pov'yazano?

35. Yak vikoristovuєtsya tsіn scale of minds funktsіonuvannya dіysnih pennies i in Suchasnyj minds?

36. Powers Poyasnіt role in tvorennі pennies.

37. Yaky s penny stock agregatіv virazhaє naylіkvіdnіshih pennies?