home Political economy Basics of ekonomіchnoї teorії: polіtekonomіchny aspect

Basics of ekonomіchnoї teorії: polіtekonomіchny aspect

§ 3. Credit penny polіtika in Ukraїnі

Credit penny polіtika in Ukraїnі proyshla Pevnyi evolyutsіyu. In 1993-1994 pp. Won harakterizuvalasya Activity vikoristannyam kreditіv NBU for fіnansuvannya program Uryadov i zmenshennyam obsyagіv kredituvannya komertsіynih bankіv. So, pp 1993-1994. Loans NBU nadanі komertsіynim banks skoroti s 11.2 to 10.8 trillion of rubles., and credits Uryadov zrosli at 129 trillion of rubles. Pong have become 86 vіdsotkіv od zagalnogo obsyagu emіsіynih kreditіv to 6 vіdsotkіv kreditіv komertsіynim banks to 'require Refinancing Loans. Yakscho emіsіyne kredituvannya was odnієyu s reasons rozgortannya іnflyatsіynih pro-tsesіv then obmezhennya kredituvannya virobnitstva through bankіvske in serednitstvo zooms posilennya recession th skorochennya Key infrastructure tova-rіv that poslug.

Sche odnієyu vіdmіtnoyu Find our credit-groshovoї polіtiki in Ukraїnі Tsey perіod Bulo nezbіgannya ofіtsіyno progoloshenoї that faktichnoї oblіkovoї NBU rate. Tse zumovleno nadannyam NBU pіl-govih kreditіv deyakim Galuzo national Gospodarstwa (napriklad, APA that іnshim Galuzo to conduct zalіku vzaєmnoї zaborgova-nostі). Prote such polіtika "Cheap pennies" Provadia deprivation schodo Pevnyi Galuzo national Gospodarstwa i viklyuchno schodo der zhavnih of companies. Nederzhavnі pіdpriєmstva poziku could otrimati in banks komertsіynih deprivation pid Visokiy vіdsotok. Saying to Іnakshe, vіdsotkova rate for yakoyu komertsіynі banks slapped credit bіlshostі klієntіv, not small nіchogo spіlnogo s factual oblіkovoyu rates. Orієntirom for them has been viewed ofіtsіyna rate. Krіm of "deshevі groshі" vikoristovuvalisya not іnvestitsіy, while "patching dirok". Otzhe, the stench could not positively vplinuti on eco-nomіchnі processes in kraїnі.

In 1995-1996 pp. Provadia polіtika zhorstkih penny-credit-ditnih obmezhen. Vaughn harakterizuva lasya:

1. Transition to fіnansuvannya budget defіtsitu perevazh-but not for rakhunok kreditnoї emіsії (loans NBU) and Key infrastructure i sa Ms Reigning korotkostrokovih oblіgatsіy vnutrіshnoї poziki i zovnіshnogo Borg.

2. Znizhennyam oblіkovoї NBU rate at zv'yazku s padіnnyam tempіv іnflyatsії. But won all slit zalishaєtsya nespriyatlivoyu for іnves-titsіy.

3. Conduct zhorstkіshoї polіtiki schodo regulyuvannya riziku i lіkvіdnostі komertsіynih bankіv. Krіm traditsіynih vimog dotri-

mannya komertsіynimi banks normativіv platospromozhnostі that lіkvіdnostі, yak kontrolyuєtsya NBU pitched in the ear skin mіsyatsya NBU vstanoviv vimogu schodennoї zvіtnostі for pokaznikami dostatnostі kapіtalu that lіkvіdnostі on osnovі schodennih balansіv bankіv.

Platospromozhnіst banku- tse dostatnіst Vlasnyi koshtіv ban-ku for Zahist іnteresіv vkladnikіv that іnshih kreditorіv bank. Rozrahovuyut yogo yak spіvvіdnoshennya Vlasnyi koshtіv aktivіv i have to chislі zvazhenih riziku by step.

Lіkvіdnіst - tse zdatnіst bank zabezpechiti svoєchasne Vico nannya zobov'yazan penny. Її viznachayut for zbalansovanіstyu mіzh lines i Sumy repayment aktivіv i th row Sumy Vico nannya zobov'yazan bank. Pokazniki dostatnostі kapіtalu that lіk-vіdnostі Je otsіnochnimi pokaznikami dіyalnostі bank i vstanovlyu-yutsya s metoyu optimal regulyuvannya Active Passive she operatsіy bankіv s point Zora pіdtrimki neobhіdnogo rіvnya lіkvіd-nostі.

Naslіdkom polіtiki monetary restriktsіy (obmezhen) was dosyagnennya vіdnosnoї fіnansovoї stabіlіzatsії. However tsya polіtika became odnієyu s reasons pogliblennya іnvestitsіynoї, zokrema ekonomіchnoї, Creasy. In zv'yazku s CIM polіtika mіnіmіzatsії emіsіynih Jerel fі-nansuvannya defіtsitu budget Got Booty dopovnena credit-gro-shovoyu polіtikoyu, spriyatlivoyu for іnvestitsіy.