Історія України - Subtelium Orest

RADYANSKA UKRAINE: NOVATORSKI 20-THI

Сім неповних років війни та громадянкої смути have been called to the order of the Bilshovik TERITORії kolyshnyi Rosіys'koi імперії to the country. In one day, the Ukrainian side, the people who died in the capital, and especially the Gromadyans, were taken close to 1.5 million people. Nestacha harchiv, paliva, bezrobitsya zmusili hundreds of thousands of people vihati z mista u selo. Virtually vopililosya viribnitsvo goods. Boulo obviously, but residual visnazhene suspilstvo not ready to root sotsialnih peredvoren, scho їh planned bilshoviki.

Nezvazhayuchi to help, bilshoviki, kotrі in the velikoznomu that zdebіlshogo sparrow mood tuned people became crichninu menshist, buli not in zmozi prodovzhuvati realizatsiyu conceived. The death of Lenin in 1924 r. Sprinkinilas before krizi kerivnitsvva, yaku poigljulivali zapeklyi superechki in komunistichnіy partners about the strains of the new syspilstva. For such obstavin the party has established the delivery of the obsolete gnuchko through the extension of the 20th rockivs. Vtruchanya contract in the right okremoy individuals and Suspilnyh groups interchanged Lishah vipadkami reaguvannya on vidkriti vidupi proti radyansky polichnichnyi sistemi.

Zavdjaki to actions to a class for villagers that to namagannjam Rad to win shirshu pіdtrimku means of неросійських народів at 20-ті роки впевненість українців at власних forces, їхні pagennya experienced gіdne подиву відродження, і цей період often вважають золотим віком українців під владою Рад.

Воннний комунізм і NEP

Політика більшовиків під час громадянкої війни значною мірою спричинила розвал економіки. Pragnuchi zrazu vstavitiiti sotsіialisticheskii lad in ekonomicheskii vodnochas zabezpechiti products Chervon army that hungry russkiy mista, bilshoviki introduced suvoru ekonomichnu politiku, vidomu pіd nazvoyu voynogo komunizmu. Vona included the nationalization of the whole earth, the promises of admissions, primusovu labor mobility, ratsynovannya order product і goods і goods and naybіlsh nenavisniy захід-експропріацію grain from the villagers (" prodrzverstku ").

When pidrimtsi ozbroєnih zagonіv bіlshovitskі officials, mav sarana, обсідали villages, confiscating grain for the needs of the class. Selyaninovi was allowed to fill up with a very close 30 pounds of gold on a month. Щоб сприяти реквізиціям, the party organizes the committee of uninvolved villagers (komnazami), the members of some Mali Pere, the Vagi with rozpodilі zemelі, zvіlnyalisya vіd podatkіv i distavali 10-20% zdobichi. U vidpovid on tse bіlshіst selyans zovsim napinila vibroitnitsu. Vodnochas із застренняням дефіциту продуків харчування великі райони Південної Росії та України hunted drywhich became hunger 1921-1922 pp., Having taken a living a hundred thousand people in the Ukraine more broadly near Povolzhi. Alya - on the threshold of his own posts - the Radyansky detachment is not coming to the hunger th organizuvav at the edge of the cordon of the Masovian Campaign for helping the hungry.

Catastrophe stanovishche in ekonomići appealed to the r zzkogo zrostannya nevdovolennya bil'shovikami, scho vylilosya viaskivi zakoloti, velikі robіtnichi strikes and villages, in 1921 r. They hunted Russia and Ukraine. Хоч Червона армія й Чека mercilessly strangled the rebellion, Lenin buv zmusheny viznati failure polichiki voynogo komunizmu i neobhіdnіst piti on deeds, especially the villagers.

І знову до грили Zavidna tactful местстерність Леніна has appeared, yogo readiness зробити крок back, shchob zhdomom prosunut socialism for two crooks forward - famous linenka "tango" . 21 birch in 1921. On X z'їзді партії він violently perekoneu its comrades to wait for the new economic bulletin (nepu), that is even less than the copy of the nebezpechnogo Kronstadt rebellion , sho vibuhnulo in the day of roboty z'їздду th demonstrated unpopularity тодішньої політики Рад. Nep becoming a compromise, within the limits of socialism, by the method of the date, it is possible to recover from the mass media. Most zeldanny not vzvodilosya before schob zaspokoiti selyanstvo i zabezpechiti yomu stimulo pidvishchennya vibrobitvtva productiv. Zamist rekvіizitsіy grains ulyad oklav selyanstvo pomirnim podatkom. Having paid yogo, the peasant might sell the surpluses of grain over with some kind of rinky tin. Бідні селяни взагаі not mali raslachuvati a payment. The order of takozh vidstupiv v poludiki shtverennya kolektivnih gospodarstv. On the territory of Ukraine, the lands of Central Asia, in 1918, they were re-found under the influence of the poor peasants.

Shchob stimuljuvati інші sectors економіки, неп скасвував урядовий the control over vnutrishnogo торгівлею, знову віддавав in оренду колишнім власникам невеликі виробництва й навіть заохочував чужоземні капіталовівня. Проте Ленін ішов тільки на тимчасовий компроміс із капіталізмом і не збирався відмовлятись від мрії створити соціаістичну економіку. The latter was deprived of the control over such "commanding temples" in economics, the importance of promising, banks, transport and trade.

He spoke to the great prostigrants. Mayuchi is guaranteed to be able to sell products to hungry mehsants mst, 5 million Ukrainian selyanskih gospodarstva svidko pidvishchili its productivness. In 1927 the river. Obrebljalosya vzhe on 10% more earth, nizh in 1913 r. Tim hourly vibroditsku subjectov spozhivannya, yak stimulated so zvani nepmani, abo drbnі pіdpriemtzi, scho dіyali z vozvolu udu, takozh syagnulo prevoyennogo pivnya. The importance of promising was important, but I was pestering myself with control of the class. To the well-to-do for the deportees and the deities in the memory of the nightmarish rockivs of the Gromadyansky Ukrainians, the Ukrainian peasant became a peaceable person in the Bilshovitsky regime, marveling at the great pizza.