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Istoria Ukrainy - Subtelny Orest
Povernennya radyanskoї Vladi on up Ukraine
In 1943, p. in natsistsko-radyanskіy vіynі vіdbuvsya virіshalny fracture: if nіmetsky stepping vicherpav his Navalny force radyanskі vіyska rozpochali gіgantsky kontrnastup. Perche svіdchennyam visnazhennya gіtlerіvskih armіy became rіshucha Peremoga Radyans'ka vіysk Stalіngradom pid scho on Volzі have sіchnі 1943 p. Zіbravshi zalishki svoїh rezervіv, ulіtku 1943 p. in bitvі pid Kurskom nіmtsі away to ostannoї sprobi perehopiti іnіtsіativu. Ale th here stink porazki arrogant. Tim hour CPCP koristuvavsya svoїmi velicheznimi lyudskimi resources results vdoskonalennya vіyskovogo virobnitstva that Masov supply boyovoї tehnіki іz Allied Powers. Well Zrazy pіslya Peremohy pid Kurskom Radyans'ka komanduvannya rozpochalo kontrnastup, smut zavdannya yakogo polyagalo vіdvoyuvannі Lіvoberezhnoї in Ukraine. Masov kick Radyans'ka vіysk zdіysnili up Ukraine on 40% pіhotintsіv Chervona armії that 80 tis. tankіv. For danimi zahіdnih іstorikіv, Chervona armіya small potrіynu perevagu in zagalnіy chiselnostі people i - zavdyaki amerikanskim supplies - mayzhe p'yatikratnu perevagu in tehnіtsі. Prote radyanskі dzherela stverdzhuyut, scho bula chiselna perevaga Mensch nіzh dvokratnoyu i scho svoїm uspіhom kontrnastup zavdyachuє skorіshe zvityazі that vmіnnyu voїnіv, nіzh їhnіy perevazhayuchіy kіlkostі. In usyakomu razі on vіdmіnu bliskavichnoї vіyni od 1941 r., Scho gave zmogu nіmtsyam for yakihos Vier mіsyatsі zahopiti up Ukraine, Radyans'ka "bulldozer" bezupinno povz, zahoplyuyuchi one area of іnshoyu th visnazhuyuchi enemy methodically blows. Troch less then nіzh for Year vіn vіdvoyuvav up Ukraine.
Protyagom kіntsya lіta th osenі 1943 p. radyanskі vіyska pid komanduvannyam Іvana Konєva, Mikola Vatutіna that Rodіona Malinov zaynyali Lіvoberezhzhya i Donbas. 23 serpnya in rezultatі baked boїv nіmtsі suddenly th vostannє vtratili Kharkiv. In veresnі-zhovtnі Chervona armіya broke Mogutnov lіnіyu nіmetskoї defense on Dnіprі, d 6 leaf fall Vatutіn joining up of Kyiv. In 1944 sіchnі p. pіslya korotkoї Pererva mayzhe 2.3-mіlyonna Chervona armіya rozpochala peeled od nіmtsіv Pravoberezhzhya i Krim. Uspіshne zdіysnennya tsієї methylene zabezpechila vazhliva Peremoga pid Korsun-Shevchenkіvskim. Before Bereznev in nіg at hand. !! 'In the EP' '.'. Chasya tіlki Zahіdna UKRAINE.
Tretіy Etap vіdvoyuvannі in Ukraine rozpochavsya lipnі 1944 at p. Radyanskі vіyska otochili th rozbili pid Brody vіsіm nіmetskih divіzіy chiselnіstyu blizko 60 tis. cholovіk. Sered them boule 10 tis. bіytsіv galitskoї divіzії, scho mali neschastya otrimati hreschennya Vaughn for Tsikh katastrofіchnih obstavin. Ere p'yati tisyach udalosya virvatisya s otochennye, ale Ponad 3 yew. Bulo hammered, injure th zahopleno in full. For pіdrahunkami, 2 yew. unikli full, th pіznіshe bagato s priєdnalisya them to the UPA. Pіslya tsієї Peremohy radyanskі Sealy Shvydko proyshli Galicia, zaynyavshi Lviv, i Peremyshl 27 Lipnya Stanislav. In veresnі stink peretnuli Karpati, the first to Zhovtnya 1944 p. all etnіchna ukraїnska teritorіya OPIN in Radyans'ka hands.
Vіdstupayuchi h Ukraine, nіmtsі, yak bіlshoviki in 1941 p., Away to the tactics of "spalenoї zemlі". In nakazі svoїm vіyskam Gіtler nagoloshuvav: "He can be dopustiti, dwellers at vіdstupі h Ukraine mi zalishili pіslya currently one Lyudin hoch, hoch one head thinness chi mіrku grain ... Vorogovі guilty dіstatisya tsіlkovito SPÁLENÁ th vinischem earth." In rezultatі at 300 kіlometrovіy smuzі vzdovzh lіvogo Dnipra shore nasilnoї evakuatsії Zi svoїh kraїv arrogant tsіlі masi people and znachnі Chastain mіst Poltava, Kremenchuk Bulo Dnipropetrovs'ka she slept. Ex avoberezhzhya not poterpіlo od ruynuvan large-scale, hoch not zmoglo uniknuti masovoї evakuatsії.
Propagandistsky stepping Stalіna. On vіdmіnu od Gіtlera Stalіn uchivsya on Vlasnyi pomilkah. Pobachivshi, yak ambiguity to put the population to the regime on the cob yogo vіyni, vіn teper rozpochav Velika propagandistsku kampanіyu. Vaughn wires s metoyu zaluchennya Radyans'ka gromadyan on okupovanih teritorіyah to support nіmtsyam that stalіnskogo The images for the new regime in svіtlі; Movlyav, pіslya vіyni vіn bude bіlsh sterpnim. Oskіlki in borotbі s nіmtsyami natsіonalіzm s usієyu yasnіstyu viyavivsya nabagato silnіshim stimulus nіzh Marxism vіn i becoming bunt temoyu tsієї Campaing. Naybіlsha uwagi pridіlyalasya rosіyskomu natsіonalіzmovі without perestanku ekspluatuvalisya those glorious Peremoga Rosіyskoї іmperії, її Borotba have passed proti іnozemnih zagarbnikіv, її velikііh geroїv. When tsomu Stalіn actively namagavsya takozh zabezpechiti sobі simpatії ukraїntsіv.
Dwellers spraviti vrazhennya suverennostі Ukraїnskoї Radyanskoї respublіki, Bulo target dodatkovі Ukrainian mіnіsterstva - zakordonnih ref is the defense. Yak i INSHI respublіki, Ukraine otrimala right (against non real mozhlivіst) vstupati in zovnіshnі znosini. On visokі post in Bulo uryadі priznacheno vіdomih of Ukrainian dіyachіv. Zokrema, mіnіstrom zakordonnih ref becoming a playwright Oleksandr Kornіychuk and osipanogo Reigning honors partizanskogo commander Kovpak priznachili mіnіstrom defense. Find our Buli navіt of scho UKRAINE matim vlasnі vіyskovі Chastain. Hoch tsya mozhlivіst so i do not znayshla vtіlennya, then will Bulo pereymenovano on Ukrainsky front pіvdennu dіlyanku Radyans'ka front i put visokoprestizhnu Uriadovy pile up - the Order of Bohdan Khmelnytskyi. Vіdchutno poslabivsya control over cultural dіyalnіstyu ukraїntsіv and patrіotichny vіrsh Volodymyr Saussure "Lyubіt up Ukraine" navіt CCB vіdznacheny Stalіnskoyu premієyu.
Pomіtivshi, s Yakim entuzіazmom people on okupovanih nіmtsyami teritorіyah povertayutsya to relіgії, Stalіn primirivsya s Rosіyskoyu Orthodox Church radyanskіy teritorії, skasuvavshi chislennі obmezhennya on її dіyalnіst i rozpustivshi antirelіgіynu propagandistsku company profile - Union voyovnichih ateїstіv. Orthodox Church of vіddyachila Hotel Hotel, zaklikaet his flock to Borotba s nіmtsyami th vіdluchayuchi vsіh, hto h spіvpratsyuvav them.
Povernennya radyanskoї Vladi on Zahіdnu up Ukraine. Oskіlki Zahіdna UKRAINE perebuvala pid Radyans'ka Vladoiu deprivation perіod short hour, Povernennya Chervona armії little here INSHI naslіdki, nіzh on radyanіzovanomu skhodі. Zaynyavshi Zahіdnu up Ukraine in 1944 p., On bіlshoviki vіdmіnu od vіdnosno oberezhnoї polіtiki 1939 r. boule spovnenі rіshuchostі Shvydko th bezkompromіsno nasaditi natsіonalіstichne nastroєnim zahіdnim ukraїntsyam their possess. Pong mobіlіzuvali vsіh cholovіkіv vіkom od 18 to 50 rokіv i without nalezhnoї pіdgotovki that ozbroєnnya їh sent to the front. Negayno Pocha represії against the Greeks-katolitskoї church. Pіslya okupatsії Lviv Metropolitan Sheptitskogo Bulo posadzheno pid domashnіy aresht, and after months at kіlka vіn died. Yogo nastupnika Josip Slіpogo noticed to Bulo to kontstaboru in Sibіr. Rozpochalasya takozh pіdgotovka primusovogo to the inclusion of the Greek Church to katolitskoї pіdporyadkovanoї Moskvі Rosіyskoї pravoslavnoї church.
Zahіdnu up Ukraine flooded Ponad 30 tis. partіynih pratsіvnikіv i 3500 spetsіalno navchenih propagandistіv, SSMSC znovu rozpochali processes radyanіzatsії edge. Naybіlsh natsіonalne svіdomu verstvu population skladala іntelіgentsіya, to radyanskі vlastі robili aktivnі sprobi protistaviti їy selyanstvo that robіtnikіv. Oskіlki radyanskі propagandists obіtsyali zvernuti "Especially uwagi 'on people, not scho mali radyanskoї osvіti and vchilisya the" bourgeois "mortgages, that s rayonіv, not slit zaynyatih Cervone armієyu, once іz vіdstupayuchimi vtekla bіlsha Chastina zahіdnoukraїnskoї іntelіgentsії.
Prihіd in Zahіdnu up Ukraine Chervona armії before placing wire UPA Foldable Power about dotsіlnіst prodovzhennya Borotba s perevazhayuchimi Stalіna forces. Spochatku OUN vvazhala, scho in vіynі Nazis th bіlshoviki visnazhat odnі one - podіbno before yak tse became in 1917-1918 pp. Prote if it became clear scho a winner in vіynі on skhodі viyde CPCP, OUN ochіkuvala scho rozbitі nіmtsі uvіydut alliance іz zahіdnimi powers dwellers zapobіgti radyanskіy ekspansії. Same tsі hibnі spodіvannya digit mіroyu sponukali provіd OUN / UPA prodovzhuvati Borotba s bіlshovikami.
Pіslya of yak on Zahіdnіy Ukraїnі prokotilisya golovnі Sealy Chervona armії UPA organіzuvala number aktsіy, dwellers pereshkoditi mobіlіzatsії, zapobіgti deportatsіyam "nenadіynih elementіv" she pripiniti represії against the Greeks-katolitskoї church. Pong boule nasampered spryamovanі proti NKVD, chlenіv komunіstichnoї partії th quiet, hto spіvpratsyuvav Radyans'ka s regime. Navesnі 1944 p. on Volinі in sutichtsі s pіdrozdіlom UPA CCB mortally wounding the commander slavetny Chervona armії Mikola Vatutіn. For lіkvіdatsії UPA radyanskі vіyska organіzuvali blockade velicheznih partizanskih teritorіy, zasilali agentіv for proniknennya pіdrozdіli at UPA that vbivstva їhnіh komandirіv, stvoryuvali spetsіalnі vinischuvalnі batalyoni. Radyanskі propagandists takozh rozpochali Activity kampanіyu, zobrazhayuchi that OUN UPA yak natsistskih golovorіzіv.
Deyakі sutichki Radyans'ka s forces UPA Mali shirokі scale. Thus, in 1944 kvіtnі p. in operatsії proti UPA Kremenets pid scho on Volinі, fate took blizko 30 tis. Radyans'ka vіysk. Prote zdebіlshogo sutichki boule small, ale often. Zgіdno s Radyans'ka Jerel, voseni 1944 p. UPA held on Volinі 800 reydіv. Lachey on Stanіslavschinі Won lіkvіduvala 1500 Radyans'ka aktivіstіv. Bіlshoviki stverdzhuyut scho tsogo hour znischili protyagom 36 "gangs" of the UPA in 4300 chiselnіstyu cholovіk. Yak i nalezhalo chekati, Borotba viyavilasya baked, th zhodna іz storіn not act іnshіy anі p'yaddyu zemlі. Potrapiti dwellers not to vorogov hands poranenі bіytsі UPA often zapodіyuvali sobі death. 9 Travnia 1945 p. vіyna zakіnchilasya, ale Radyans'ka rezhimovі Bulo slit far to Povny control sіlskimi regіonami Zahіdnoї Ukraine.
Navіt pobіzhny perelіk vtrat svіdchit about the terrible vіdbitok scho yogo naklala other svіtova vіyna on that її up Ukraine's population. Schonaymenshe (statistics teper doslіdzhuєtsya anew) cholovіk 5.3 million, abo one іz cutaneous six meshkantsіv Ukraine zaginuv in tsіy boynі. 2.3 million ukraїntsіv Bulo vivaise for primusovoї pratsі to Nіmechchini. Tsіlkom chi chastkovo Bulo zruynovano Ponad 700 great i Malih mіst that 28 tis. sіl, unaslіdok chogo bezpritulnimi lishilosya blizko 10 million cholovіk. Oskіlki vіyna zavdala Ukraїnі bіlshe ruynuvan, nіzh whether yakіy іnshіy kraїnі Єvropi, vtrati in ekonomіtsі syagali prigolomshuyuchih masshtabіv. Tsіlkovite chi chastkove znischennya Ponad 16 tis. Promyslova of companies meant vtratu velikoї Chastain, the scho UKRAINE zdobula with such a great tsіnoyu 30-x Rokach. Pіdrahovano scho zagalnі zbitki syagali Economy of Ukraine 40%. So rank, udruge for Troch bіlsh yak ten rokіv UKRAINE hard postrazhdala od zhorstokih ekstsesіv totalіtarnih rezhimіv.
In drugіy svіtovіy vіynі ukraїntsі, NATIONAL svіdomіst yakih zrosla porіvnyano s perіodom 1917-1920 pp., Potrapili in leschata mіzh Radyans'ka regime that the Nazis. On gliboke rozcharuvannya іntegralnih natsіonalіstіv, stink Somalia is not practical zmogi dіyati zgіdno s Vlasnyi іnteresami. On vіdmіnu od 1917-1920 pp. ukraїntsі OPIN in stanovischі, if the stench deprivation could reaguvati on podії instead vplivati them. Well all of I, soca strahіtlivі vtrati th nevdachі, ostatochnі pіdsumki vіyni s ukraїnskoї point Zora Somalia th deyakі pozitivnі moment. Before them slіd nasampered vіdnesti those scho in rezultatі Radyans'ka zavoyuvannya Zahіdnoї Ukraine Vpershe for bagato stolіt usі ukraїntsі z'єdnalisya in the furrows of polіtichnogo tsіlogo, tobto CPCP and konkretnіshe - in the furrows Ukraїnskoї Radya nskoї Sotsіalіstichnoї Respublіki. Before w timchasovі actions Stalіna natsіonalnim pragnennyam nerosіyskih narodіv spawned spodіvannya scho pіslya vіyni "all the camp іnakshe". Nareshtі, Ukraine yak warehouses Radyans'ka Union became odnієyu s peremozhnits in vіynі. At insertions bagatoh Radyans'ka ukraїntsіv radіst Peremohy poєdnuvalasya s pochuttyam of Hope, about the yak at 1945 p. one Radyans'ka ofіtser seemed "Wuxia atmosphere Bula spovnena of Hope on schos basis, schos Chudovo i nice. Nіhto s us MAV zhodnih sumnіvіv schodo nashogo svіtlogo maybutnogo ".
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