home History Istoria Ukrainy - Polonska-Vasilenko Natalіya: Volume 2

Istoria Ukrainy - Polonska-Vasilenko Natalіya: Volume 2

4. Zahіdnya UKRAINE

4th sіchnya 1918 rock UNRada uhvalila draft agreement about Zluka Zahіdno-Ukraїnskoї Narodnoї Respublіki s Ukraїnskoyu folk Respublіkoyu in єdinu sovereign Ukraїnsku folk Respublіku. 22th sіchnya 1919 rock in Kiєvі urochisto progolosheno Zluka of Galicia Bukovina, Ugorskoї Russia th Naddnіpryanskoї Velikoї of Ukraine in the People's Respublіku. ZUNR s of an hour he called ZOUNR (Zahіdnya Area Ukraїnskoї Narodnoї Respublіki). Against faktichnoї Zluka not vіdbulos: organіzatsіya Vladi ZOUNR not zmіnilasya th obidvі powers nadsilali cutaneous svoї okremі mіsії across the border.

Buli povazhnі reasons on pіdstavі yakih ZUNR not pospіshala factuality ob'єdnatisya s Naddnіpryanskoyu With Ukraine. In 1919 sіchnі rock obidvі respublіki spіlno Wieslaw delegatsіyu on world Konferentsіyu to Paris, ale on tіy konferentsії Spravi 4-oh Chastain Ukraine rozglyadali okremo. Naykraschim Bulo encampment of Galicia, bo s rozvalom Avstrії OAO All people, scho were to її warehouse, dіstali rights buduvannya Vlasnyi Zhittya, Vlasnyi powers.

Ale zalishalosya such power in teorії. On praktitsі vono viglyadalo іnakshe. Uryadov ZUNR negayno, listopadі slit in the rock in 1918, President povіdomiv Vіlsona about svoє decorated i Zahist yogo requesting proti namagan Polschі anektuvati Galicia.

Polsky Komіtet Narodowy diplomatically predstavnik Polschі komіsієyu to the world, to get used rіznih zahodіv, dwellers bring svіtovі, scho Ukrainian vіyska boule pid command of elders nіmetskih i scho Bulo stvorennya Ukraine in іnteresah Nіmechchini that Avstrії. Prem'єr Polschі, Paderevsky, іnformuvav Mirow komіsіyu about Galicia, plutayuchi її navmisne Bolsheviks i s not vіdkidayuchi іnsinuatsіy schodo nіmetskoї fate.

Polska programa ohoplyuvala not tіlki Shіdnyu Galicia, on Zbruch Ale takozh i Kholmshchyna, Pіdlyashshya, Polissya is the Volyn - at rіchku occasion - i Proskurіvsky that Kam'yanetsky povіti.

Naprikіntsі Dire 1919 roku Mirow Konferentsіya Wieslaw mіsіyu to Uryadov ZUNR for peregovorіv s drive peremir'ya s flattered. Head mіsії General Bartelmі (od Frantsії), a member of Colonel de Vіyart (Anglіya), Professor Lord (SAR) is the Colonel Stabіle (Іtalіya) viyavili Povny nerozumіnnya vzaєmovіdnosin of Galicia that Polschі. Front fee set vimogu negayno pripiniti voєnnі dії th zaproponuvala demarkatsіynu lіnіyu mіzh of Galicia that flattered: od Kam'yanki Strumilovoї to lіnії Drobobych that Turks. Tretina Shіdnoї of Galicia VovaZiL'vova that Drogobitskim Area (Nafta) zalishalisya for flattered. Uryadov ZUNR Offers tsієї not priynyav, i vіyna s flattered prodovzhuvalasya. Todі, vnaslіdok Skarga Uryadov ZUNR to Mirovoї Konferentsії, Wieslaw 4 kvіtnya 1919 roku friend komіsіyu, pid golovuvannyam burskogo General Boti. Novi mіzhnarodny project ukraїnskopolskoї lands CCB bіlshe spriynyatlivy, nіzh "lіnіya Bartelmі": for of Galicia zalishavsya Drogobitsky povіt s NAFTA. Uryadov ZUNR priynyav Tsey project.

In kvіtnі pribula to Polschі іz Frantsії good ozbroєna armіya generalіv Haller. Won bula priznachena Entente viklyuchno for vіyni bolshevikіv proti, ale Uryadov zamіst of polsky Wieslaw її proti Galitskoї Armії, 15th 1919 Travnia rock pochavsya stepping polskih vіysk on ukraїnskіm frontі. Tsey stepping polsky Uryadov explaining Nayvischіy Radі Mirovoї Konferentsії, yak vіdpovіd on the stepping of Ukrainian vіysk, yakogo in dіysnostі not Bulo. Sealy Haller boule spryamovanі on Sambіr that at Lutsk - against armії UPR. Before perevazhayuchimi forces polyakіv vіyska Ukraїnskoї Galitskoї Armії vіdstupili. Pіdtrimala polsku ofenzivu Rumunіya, yak filed an ultimatum about the transfer їy pіvdenno-skhіdnoї karpatskoї Smuha zemlі: rumunskі vіyska forcibly zaynyali Chastain Halytska Pіdkarpattya Sproba Ukraїnskoї Galitskoї Armії zupiniti stepping polskih vіysk on Zolotіy Lipі skіnchilas nevdacheyu. Ukrainian vіyska vіdstupili in trikutnik: Zbruch - Dnіster - zalіznitsya s goose to Chortkiv - Zalіschiki.

On the cob 1919 roku chervnya Pocha vіdchuvatisya in CAA misrepresented th nezadovolennya wire. Dwellers zapobіgti zanepadovі distsiplіni, translated reform: Je prezidentovі Petrushevich Nada right dictator, i vіn target Radu Upovnovazhenih - s S. Golubovic, S. Vitvitskogo V. Kurmanovycha, I. Miron. Dictatorship, dіysno, spriyala zaspokoєnnyu in vіysku th pripinila anarhіyu. On the initial leader Ukraїnskoї Galitskoї Armії priznacheno General A. Grekov.

7th chervnya 1919 p. Chastain CAA pereyshli to come. Slim chiselno armіya (25,000 voyakіv) dіyuchi s great uspіhom, Primus vіdstupiti polskі vіyska on vsіy lіnії (so Chortkіvska ofenziva been called to come). In drugіy polovinі chervnya Halytska Armіya dosyagla lіnії Dnіster - Rotten Linden - Peremishlyani - Pіdkamіn. Tsey uspіh viklikav entuzіyazm population, i kolo 90.000 dobrovoltsіv z'yavilos to armії, ale through marriage zbroї priynyato Ledwith 15,000. Pid hour vsієї tієї vіyni Galicia is not small nіzvіdki znachnoї Relief: Bucovina Bula zahoplena Rumunієyu, the UPR itself potrebuvala Relief. Not zvazhayuchi on tse, Wieslaw won two pens pid command of A. Doluda that kіlka baterіy artilerії pid command of the regiment. Kravchuk. Doluda that Kravchuk took fate in vsіh dіyah CAA to kіntsya vіyni. Dopomogla UPR i grіshmi, SSMSC vves hour went to close by Galichinі s avstrіyskimi crowns.

In moral pіdnesennі initial command CAA vіdmovilasya priznatsya demarkatsіynu lіnіyu (ie. Areas. "Lіnіyu Delvіga"), that priynyati minds peremir'ya s flattered SSMSC pіdpisala in Lvovі chervnya 1919 10 p. delegatsіya armії UPR is the CAA. Ale boule netrivkі uspіhi CAA. Polska armіya newer stepping, i CAA zmushena znovu bula vіdstupiti in trikutnik Dnіster - Zbruch - zalіznitsya. Povny marriage naboїv prevent mozhlivoste prodovzhuvati Borotba s bіlsh nіzh stotisyachnoyu polskoyu armієyu, yak Frantsіya zabezpechila vsіm potrіbnim. On tsomu zakіnchilasya Chortkіvska ofenziva. In seredinі Lipnya (16-18) 1919 rock CAA dictator Je Petrushevich i Uryadov ZUNR pereyshli Zbruch dwellers ob'єdnatisya s vіyskami UPR. Polscha zaynyala all Galicia.

For Tsei short-gliboko tragіchnіііі perіod svoєї іstorії - 19181919 pp. - ZUNR gave bagato prikladіv natsіonalnoї solіdarnosti that rozumіnnya Reigning іnteresіv. In borotbі proti Polschі ob'єdnalisya OAO All polіtichnі partії - moskvofіlіv before switching on. I do not Bulo sotsіyalnih sporіv, ni insurrection. Selyanstvo, duzhe zatsіkavlene rozpodіlom pomіschitskih lands not Domagala negaynoї realіzatsії Yogo. Bolshevitska propaganda is not znahodila vіdpovіdnogo ґruntu.