home History Istoria Ukrainy - Polonska Vasilenko Natalіya: Volume 1

Istoria Ukrainy - Polonska Vasilenko Natalіya: Volume 1

Olexander (1492-1506)

Obrannya Oleksandr interrupted Slabko phone reception Great Knyazіvstva s flattered. Knyazіvstvo pochuvalo Povny nezalezhnіst od Polschі, i Olexander not domagavsya viznannya yogo king. Obidvі powers lived okremim Zhittya. Koli Olexander asked of polyakіv Relief in borotbі proti spіlnih vorogіv, stink vіdmovlyali, Pokey is not bude vіdnovleno unії. 1499 roku, if Polscha Bula nastrashena turetskim attacking i requested Relief, Olexander vіdpovіv, scho Rada will not give to the tse Zgoda Pokey polskі pani not stvoryat "spravedlivі that rіvnі minds." Rock 1501 King John died Olbracht, i korolіvsky throne without exhausting Borotba Olexander. Minds Yogo obrannya CCB kompromіs "Crown Polska th Velike Knyazіvstvo Litovske zluchayutsya one nepodіlne th odnostayne tіlo, CCB dwellers are one people, one natsіya, odne brotherhood spіlna happy one head, one king i pan." King Got Booty i Grand Duke, yogo obirayut spіlno uryadovtsі oboh powers; Coin Got Booty spіlna; uryadovtsі toil skladati oath korolevі that great knyazevі. Ale tse all promovlyalo tіlki for personal and not for real unіyu, yakoї hotіli Poles. On praktitsі zhadnoї unії not Bulo. Litovskі Pani, krіm kіlkoh uryadovtsіv, tsogo Act not pіdpisali. Roku 1569 the stench explained polskim Panama, scho 1501 rotsі Stani litovskі not priynyali tsogo Act. Bike Litovsko-Ruska knyazіvstvo survived velikі zmіni for Kazіmіra that yogo nastupnikіv. Sche for pravlіnnya Sіgіzmunda Keystutovicha Ruthenian yelement opinivsya in polozhennі nizhchomu, porіvnyuyuchi s litovskim i katolitskim. For Sіgіzmunda to tsogo priєdnuvalosya pereslіduvannya aristokratії, Square od її natsіonalnosti, ale vzhe for Kazіmіra vіdnosini tsіlkom z'yasuvalisya: katolitska litovska mіtsno aristocracy took up arms svoїh provіd sovereign Zhittya. Latinskі єpiskopi vistupayut, yak members for the purpose, in yakіy Orthodox Buvaev. Litvin Catholics zaymayut vischі plant a deprivation in those litovskih eldership, yak Trotske, Zhmudske and i often in bіloruskih; Polotskomu, Vіtebskomu and takozh on Kiїvschinі that Volinі. Not greedy Rusyn CCB voєvodoyu vіdenskim ni, ni Chancellor. Schopravda, litovska regentsіya Zroby for ukraїntsіv act: Volyn dіstav Svidrigaylo and Singapore - Olelko. Ale Olelko CCB blizky s Litvin, and blue yogo i nastupnik Semen CCB odruzheny s daughter Gashtovta. However, the seeds of death pіslya vzhe not zatverdzheno on Kiїvskogo Prince Semenova sina Vasil ni yogo brother Mihaїla and priznacheno namіsnikom Martin Gashtovta. Kiyani yogo nr hotіli, i deprivation s vіyskovoyu power vvіyshov vіn up of Kyiv. Semen Olelkovich dіstav knyazіvstvo Slutske. Pіslya Gashtovta 1480 rock priznacheno kiyanina, Іvana Chodkiewicz, ale on nomu - Lytvyn Catholic, Yurіya boys, i deprivation pіslya Demba Orthodox Prince Dmitry Putyaticha, s drіbnogo Drutskogo knyazіvstva. Podіbne encampment Bulo on Volinі. Pіslya Svydrygailo death in 1452 at rotsі Volinі TER z'yavlyayutsya on vischih Uryadov Litvin.

Nezadovolennya ukraїntsіv that bіlorusіv zrostalo, i 1481 roku viyavilosya vono in zmovі proti Kazіmіra: knyazі - Michael Olelkovich, Ivan Golshansky, Fedir Bіlsky virіshili vіddіliti zemlі on the Berezina th priєdnati їh to Moscow. Zmova Bula vikriti and zmovnikіv Strachey. Way to relіgіynomu ґruntі shtovhayut Orthodox to Moscow. Tse pogіrshuvalo vіdnosini mіzh Lithuania that Moscow; SSMSC minutes without zagostryuvalisya on ґruntі polіtichnogo supernitstva. Tsey Ruska-litovsky antagonіzm i Nakheel Ruthenian elementіv to Moscow boule yavischem tsіlkom yasnim - about Tse wrote in 1470 Rokach Dluґosh them. For Vіtovta Moscow rahuvalasya s power Litovskogo knyazіvstva. Priluchennya in 1404 p. Smolenskoї zemlі, vpliv Vіtovta on Ryazanske that Tverske knyazіvstva - svіdchili about perevagu Lithuania over Moscow. The low sіverskih knyazіvstv dobrovіlno pіddaєtsya pid Vlad Vіtovta. Roku 1392 Grand Duke Maskovskiy Vasilіy I, syn Dmitrіya Donskogo, odruzhuєtsya s daughter Vіtovta, Sofієyu, i vvazhaє tse a great honor, and vmirayuchi, priznachaє Vіtovta opіkunom. Navіt not zvazhayuchi on indulgences Litovsko-Ruska knyazіvstva pіslya Vіtovta, vono viglyadalo silnіshim, nіzh Moscow. Pid hour Borotba s zvernuvsya Novgorod by Moscow to Lithuania th pіddavsya Kazimіrovі; Kazіmіr priznachiv namіsnikom Mikhailo Olelkovich, ale goy leaving Novgorod pіslya brother's death, spodіvayuchis spadschinu will win in Kiev, i Kazіmіr not priznachivshi nіkogo to Novgorod, allowing rozgrom yogo in 1478 rotsі. Not pіdtrimala Lithuania i Tverskogo Prince in 1484 p, i Ryazanskogo -. In 1480, their rivers.

In the XV century. in stanovischі Litovsko-Ruska knyazіvstva zayshla cardinal zmіna. Pid vplivom litovskogo Elements Uryadov Great Knyazіvstva dedalі Mente zvertav uwagi on rusinіv - bіlorusіv that ukraїntsіv and crowbars natomіst transfer center on the first flattered legkovazhiv Maskovskiy knyazіvstvo, yak zrostalo for yogo rakhunok. In ostannіy chvertі XV century., Yak zgadano vische, chernіgіvskі knyazі potyagli to Moscow Zi svoїmi lands. Pіslya death Kazіmіra Moscow vzhe rіshucho bere fate at the border vіynah: 1492 rotsі moskovskі vіyska zruynuvali Mista Lyubutsk, Mtsensk, Mosalsk, Hlіien, Rogachіv. In 1493-94 pp. moskovskі voєvodi went Mezochesk spot, Serpeysk, Opakіv, zdobuli Vyazma. In posolstvі to Oleksandr Maskovskiy prince leaning іmenuvav himself "Tsar of All Russia." Shukayuchi poryatunku, litovsky Uryadov zaproponuvav odruzhiti Oleksandr s daughter of Grand Duke Maskovskiy, Іvana W, deer. Dogovіr way, zgіdno s Yakim for Moscow zalishavsya vpliv to Novgorod, Pskov, Tver, Ryazan; deyakі s zahoplenih mіst Moscow turned Litvі. Ale Tsey shlyub nіchogo not on zmіniv maintained upstream. On skhodі Shvidky rate іshov processes ob'єdnannya land deg Vladoiu Maskovskiy Prince. Tsomu protsesovі vіdpovіdala іdeologіchna teorіya, yak yak put Maskovskiy knyazіv spadkoєmtsіv velichі Vіzantіyskoї іmperії. Hronologіchno zrostannya, Mogutnov Moskovskoї powers zbіgalosya s zanepadom Vіzantіyskoї іmperії pid Nawal turkіv in 1453 rotsі. On tsomu ґruntі postaє teorіya troh Rimіv: Purshia Rome fell, the other Rome - Konstantinpіl - TER falling, tretіy Rome - Moscow - "stoyatime vіchno".

Sered Maskovskiy knyazіv, clergy, provіdnoї elіti zmіtsnyuєtsya perekonannya in fact scho Moscow - Kiev spadkoєmnitsya and moskovskі knyazі - naschadki Ryurikovichіv "Monomakh. Qiu fantastic teorіyu shirili vsіma taps, nehtuyuchi facts scho Yuriy Dovgoruky - molodshy syn Volodymyr Monomakh - musіv postupitisya law Senior bratovі, Mstislavovі I, knyazevі Kiїvskomu that yogo naschadkam. Zabuvayuchi about rozkvіt Volinskoї powers chasіv Mstislav is the Roman, koronatsіyu Daniel, moskovskі polіtiki repeated about spadkovі right Maskovskiy knyazіv, about "Monomakh's cap" that yogo bartender SSMSC nіbito adjusted spadkovі rights Vіzantіyu i to Kiev. Tsey motive - Borotba Moscow for "svoї zemlі" Cervone Threads go through usі podії navіt s XV to XVIII century, if vipravduєtsya zagarbannya of Ukrainian lands at rozpodіlі Polschі..

In the XV century. neymovіrno Shvydko zrostaє Maskovskiy knyazіvstvo: in 1463 rotsі priєdnano Yaroslavske knyazіvstvo in 1472 - Permsku land; in 1474 - rostovskі knyazі sold Moskvі Rasht svoїh land; in 1478 - pіdkoreno Veliky Novgorod; in 1485 - Tverske knyazіvstvo; 1489 - V'yatsku ground. Nepіdkorenimi zalishilisya on deyaky hour - Pskov, Smolensk, Ryazan. In 1490 their Rokach rolling to Moscow chernіgіvskі knyazі, knyazі v'yazemskі, belevskі, novosilskі, odoєvskі, vorotinskі, mezetskі; moskovskі knyazі vistupayut "yak bortsі for Ruska narodnіst that Orthodox vіru", - wrote V. Klyuchevsky.

Vіyni s Litovskim knyazіvstvom for tsі zemlі in 1492-1494 1500-1503 Rokach is the boule to Moscow at elіtnі. Navіt slavetny voєvoda Kostyantin Ostroh takes CCB in full, i Olexander vіdstupiv Moskvі Chernіgіv. Novgorod-Sіversky, Starodub, Putivl, rylsk, Gomel, Ljubech, Bryansk, Mtsensk, Dorogobuzh, Bіlu, Toropets i INSHI, once 319 mіst that 70 counties. Ivan III said after litovskim scho vvazhaє svoєyu "Fatherland" is not deprivation tsі zemlі, ale th whole earth Ruska. Pіznіshe 1519 roku, Boyars moskovskі poslovі Papi said Leo X, scho Kiev, Smolensk, Vіtebsk, Polotsk - the Grand Duke Litovsky "Keep in unrighteousness" i Grand Duke Maskovskiy pragne not foreign lands, and svoїh.

Tsya aberatsіya with such a bula mіtsnoyu, scho to our dnіv znahodyatsya іstoriki, SSMSC vvazhayut scho pіdkorennyam of Ukrainian lands that bіloruskih moskovskі knyazі "reached svoїh rights", not zadumuyuchis over tim, SSMSC right little Maskovskiy knyazіvstvo on zemlі Kiїvskoї powers.

In XV-XVI century., If zagostryuyutsya vzaєmovіdnosini on natsіonalnomu that relіgіynomu ґruntі in Litovsko-Ruska knyazіvstvі, tsya іlyuzіya about spіlnu batkіvschinu pid omophorion Pravoslavnoї Church spriyala zbіlshennyu number prihilnikіv Moscow Sered ruskoї Great Knyazіvstva population size.

The Grand Duke, Parliament could b, b povinnі boule s CIM fight Shlyakhov pіlg, poshirennya rights Pravoslavnoї Church. Ale, zahopleny Borotba zazіhannyam Polschі s - s one side, poboyuyuchis vtratiti svoї rights pіdtrimuyuchi pragnennya Church Katolitskoї - s other side, Uryadov nedotsіnyuvav nalezhno OAO All Ti zagrozlivі yavischa, SSMSC vіdbuvalisya ruskіy chastinі in population size.

Shlyub Oleksandr s deer, daughter Іvana III of, yak, zgіdno s contract zalishilasya Orthodox, ale encampment yakoї in katolitskomu otochennі Bulo Duzhe folding, let privіd Іvanovі W ROBIT іnterventsії in oboronі pravoslavnoї vіri.

In 1506 serpnі p. Olexander died. Novi Grand Duke Maskovskiy, Vasil ІP (Ivan III died of railway rock in travnі) zvernuvsya to Deer svoєї sister s Prokhanov dopomogti Yomou in obrannі yogo on litovsky throne, ale spіznivsya, bo vzhe CCB obrany molodshy brother Oleksandr, Sіґіzmund.

So that bіloruska ukraїnska lyudnіst Great Litovsko-Ruska knyazіvstva OPIN in bezvihіdnomu stanovischі. W one side zagrozhuvali їy latinіzatsіya spolschenyh i, and z another - occurred Orthodox Maskovskiy knyazіvstvo, yak, scho Pokey, zamanyuvalo pіlgami i in usyakomu razі - rіvnopravnіstyu.