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Polіtichna ekonomіya - Ohanian GA

Basics of Ob'єktivnі formuvannya dohodіv population

Ekonomіchny rozvitok - the basis of population Zhittya Kraina. Rіven Zhittya people Yea one s basic kriterіїv scho harakterizuє zabezpechenіst population materіalnimi i spiritual benefit, pokazuє stupіn zadovolennya vsebіchnih potreb people (fіzіologіchnih, spiritual sotsіalnih i). Іsnuє Cheema pokaznikіv rіvnya Zhittya one s yakih Je incomes of the population (Fig. 23).

Formuvannya dohodіv population can be viraziti such formulas:

de AQ - incomes of the population; AT - dohіd od trudovoї dіyalnostі; DP - dohіd od pіdpriєmnitskoї dіyalnostі; Dm - dohіd od vlasnostі (rent, divіdendi interest); T - transfertnі viplati іz suspіlnogo sector (powers); Dve - valovі income; Qh - Net dohіd; P - podatki; Op - INSHI obov'yazkovі platezhі.

Dohіd - tse obsyag penny nadhodzhen for Pevnyi perіod hour. In kіlkіsnomu virazі income can be viznachati yak rіznitsyu mіzh vitratami pratsі th kapіtalu on virobnitstvo Pevnyi product viruchkoyu od i yogo sale. Іsnuє kіlka Jerel formuvannya dohodіv population SSMSC mozhna klasifіkuvati for rіznimi acquaint themselves:

• for propozitsієyu ekonomіchnih resursіv - zarobіtna fee, rent, orendna board Prybutok;

• propozitsієyu for pennies - pozichkovі percent;

• Especially for nayavnіstyu status - pensії, groshovі Relief, stipendії, rіznі viplati;

• vipadkovі (epіzodichnі) - vigrashі, znahіdki, spadschina i t іn..

Fig. 23. Klasifіkatsіya dohodіv population

Pervinnі Income oderzhuyut pratsіvniki materіalnoї sphere tse Yea i Pervin rozpodіl natsіonalnogo income virobnitstva. Tsі Income mozhut іsnuvati in such forms: Prybutok on kapіtal pіdpriєmstva abo fіrmi, pіdpriєmnitsky dohіd, rent, fee zarobіtna pratsіvnikіv Naiman.

Prybutok - dohіd sub'єkta market analysis, scho yak utvoryuєtsya rіznitsya mіzh zagalnim income that zagalnimi vitratami fіrmi on virobnitstvo produktsії. Ninі Tsey kind of income otrimuyut not tіlki pіdpriєmtsі and second naymanі pratsіvniki zavdyaki rozvinutіy sistemі uchastі in rozpodіlі pributku (aktsії, SSMSC vipuskaє FIRMA).

Rent - tse dohіd vlasnika zemlі. Vaughn is the Prybutok yak dzherela income population z hour carols all bіlshogo values. In kraїnah Єvrosoyuzu Pete Wagga zarobіtnoї pay at the gross vnutrіshnomu produktі becoming 61.3% todі yak Won in Ukraїnі znizilasya s 51.1% in 1990 p. to 45.2% in 1999 p.

Vtorinnі abo pohіdnі Income oderzhuyut zaynyatі in Galuzo nevirobnichoї sphere - nautsі, osvіtі, ohoronі Health Protection, kulturі, Reigning services, oboronі Kraina toscho. Before pohіdnih dohodіv nalezhat income oderzhuvanі pіdpriєmstvami, establish mortgages i pratsіvnikami nevirobnichoї sphere viplati іz sotsіalnogo strahuvannya (pensії, viplati in zv'yazku s bezrobіttyam, dopomoga bagatodіtnim sіm'yam toscho) and takozh stipendії, vіdsotki for contributions, in vigrashі lotereї for vigrashnimi pozikami that іn.

Rozrіznyat faktornі, derzhavnі, kolektivnі, osobistі (іndivіdualnі) sіmeynі, nomіnalnі (valovі) realnі that chistі income.

Derzhavnі income - tse groshovі abo materіalnі resources SSMSC nadhodyat have Reigning volodіnnya vnaslіdok rozpodіlu th pererozpodіlu natsіonalnogo income from rezultatі zovnіshnoekonomіchnoї dіyalnostі. Kolektivnі Revenues - Revenues tse Pevnyi kolektivіv of companies, SET, zakladіv rіznih forms vlasnostі - Reigning, aktsіonernih, cooperative, munіtsipalnih, privacy is the іn. Іndivіdualnі Revenues - Revenues okremih osіb tse, the stench Je zasobom zhittєzabezpechennya Helsinki Human i neobhіdnі for її rіznobіchnogo rozvitku yak osobistostі. Jerel NKVD dohodіv shaping can Buti: Prace special person, Prybutok on kapіtal, rent, sotsіalnі viplati s budget vigrashі in lotereї for vigrashnimi pozikami that іn. Sіmeynі Revenues - Revenues tse sukupnі vsіh chlenіv sіm'ї, їh dzherela th obsyagi mozhut Buti rіznimi fallow od order to yakoї sotsіalnoї verstvi nalezhat The members of pevnoї sіm'ї. Zagalom mozhna viokremiti three osnovnі dzherela sіmeynih dohodіv: zarobіtna fee revenues od vlasnostі th sotsіalnі viplati s sovereign budget. Slіd rozrіznyati nomіnalnі th realnі income. Nomіnalnі Income harakterizuyutsya sumoyu penny dohodіv, SSMSC oderzhuє pratsіvnik abo sіm'ya zagalom. Realnі income - tse Quantity rіznih tovarіv i poslug, SSMSC mozhut buy pratsіvnik abo sіm'ya for svoї groshovі income. Zrozumіlo scho value of real dohodіv okremogo іndivіda abo sіm'ї directly proportsіyna velichinі nomіnalnogo (trumpery) income th Auburn proportsіyna rіvnyu tsіn.

Funktsієyu, yak harakterizuє formuvannya dohodіv їh for warehouses (without їh printsipovogo protistoyannya), Je pohіdna funktsії spozhivannya. In nіy zafіksovanі moments rozpodіlchih i do not rozpodіlchih vіdnosin (podatki). Qiu funktsіyu mozhna zapisati as follows:

de YD - funktsіya income.

On formuvannya dohodіv population vplivayut takі chinniki:

• nіvelyuyuchі - skladannya zarobіtkіv chlenіv sіm'ї, pensії pensіonerіv, SSMSC live once s dіtmi, materіalnoї Relief, yak otrimuyut nepratsyuyuchі The members of sіm'ї;

• diferentsіyuyuchі - nayavnіst nepratsezdatnih chlenіv sіm'ї, spіvvіdnoshennya pratsyuyuchih i nepratsyuyuchih chlenіv sіm'ї.

Krіm of fallow od Jerel formuvannya Income mozhut Buti of labor i unearned at tsomu netrudovі shaping can Buti Law - vigrashі, alіmenti, spadschina, pensії.

Oderzhanі incomes of the population to purchase vitrachaє prodovolchih i neprodovolchih tovarіv, SPLAT podatkіv, sotsіalne strahuvannya, komunalnі platezhі, Pay medichne obslugovuvannya, zaoschadzhennya, transport, dozvіllya that іn.