home History Історія України - Полонська Василенко Наталія: Том 1

Історія України - Полонська Василенко Наталія: Том 1

E) Selyanstvo

Villages in the XVI century. Shvidko vstrachali own rights to the land, the right of self-government, the very freedom. The nobility, the tycoon, the vicarious ruler, the son of the dead, the hour of bezkoroliv'ya 1573 rock, interchanged the rights of the villagers. They stopped існувати villages on the "ruskoy" rights of self-sufficiency, pani worsened the viborne-lad, acknowledged their own tiwuniv chi otamannіv, - they fenced in the witch, the village peasants sinned, they stopped the courts by the pansky courts. The villagers had the right to catch fish, pawn in the lakes of the river, , Slat in the woods. Navlit mlini is not a bilo mathi to the villagers, but the stinkers of the bastards of the hammers are driven by the pansy mills. Carried out obmіr ґruntіv і zmeneno rozmіr zemlі, yakuyu mіg volodіi peasants. Naykraschі ґrunti the Pani took away. Selyansky gosdarstva obklado donations: із збіжжя, thin, birds, бджіл. Panshchina h 13-14 dnіv At the river it reached two dniv villages, not rahuyuchi dodatkovyh robot on the Znivah, Kosovitsy, in lisah, on budewanne rowing, bridge, on лагоagodzhnni shlyachtі

Villages borilinisya vіd tsієї експлуатації .

Naybіshy opіr put the village in the "korolіvschinakh" - the most powerful. The plots in the Borotby were kept by the villagers, the kolishni mills, the Korchem, Soltisi, etc. All the processes in the Korolev courts were expensive, and the villagers did not have the smallness of the money to pay, and before that the sthenius slyachtsky court rikly-kli was put rightly before the village peasants . In the shlyachtskie majestnosti village of villagers buloshe girshe: stings do not mali greedy defense, Bo court there Buv Pansky. Ішла ботьба різними sleighs: the villagers nishili panske good, lisi, rates. And nayastiashi tіkali stoney on the circuit, on the slopes of aboriginal Zaporizhzhya.

Hatred before panic was committed to nationality: the Pan Buw Pole, the Catholic, the peasant - the Ukrainian, the Orthodox. The peasant in the eyes of Pan Buv is not deprived of kripak, - vin buv "clap", "beadle", nose of the lower culture. And for the tsim i yogo mova that vira buli "cotton". Villagers from the national view were naybіlsh суцільну українську верству. Navvit there, de buly strangers of the column - nimtsi, volokhi - stench zdebylshogo roochinilisya in the national choir. The top of the villages became villages, they created an aristocracy. The clergy often resembled clergy. Zamozhni villagers nayibishee they donated to the church that manastiri.

Not zvazhayuchi on those, but the villages of the forested lands of Ukraine, were more closely guarded by the pan-regime, here and there, especially in the "korolivshchinakh", the vody dovgyy hour did not waste their eyes, the vividness of the huge national rights. The villagers brought in to the kings the skrogs for the people for the crime, and they did not know the Zahist, the rebellion reared. In the villages of Gorozhany, in the Lviv region, in 1625 rock, the stink for hresti brought the oath not to enter the battle with the powers, the yakbi came to pay the inhabitants. On Stryyschyna in 1607 rock stinks pinched up a riot, pinched tiyuniv. The 1622 rock of Bagato rebels is stricken, in the Minor it is confiscated.

At Livoberezhyniy Ukrainі sel'yanstvo, scho pereishlo z Pravoberezhzha, bulo vyklyukno Ukrainka. Tse pitannja duzhe nazalive to that, scho in pol'kіі іstorіоografa panuє, nіbito еlementy, scho created slobodi on Лівобережній Україні, були it is paramount полиські. It is not possible to quote facts, shob diodichi-Poles led tudi of Polish villagers. Поіменні lists of people in rural areas to give tіlki українські імена з рідкими домішками чужинецьких. Velichneznan rozmіrami і chіselnіstu columnіzіція Nadnnipryanshchyna та Задніпрянщини ХVІ-ХVП стоіть дійшла свого вершка in the rest of the tenth in front of Khmelnitskino. Tsebov, after M.Mrushevsky's viraz, "the apogee of the columnization." Ale can not be allowed to enter into a special power. At the old "root" people sit mitsno, tolerantly transferring nevdachi that zlidnі, bom heavy leave the river I will settle. Ale, once left її, вони-it is easy to throw new and shukayut shche ліпшої. So the booze in the lyatifundyah Pridniprovsky magnates.

The new settlements of the boula had two generations: people, they sewed the ridny lands, not bazhayuchi terpiti of the pan's clan, and the friend of the generation, but the viroslo, who did not know what to do. They observed the rocks of the "slobid", and the volosts of the Vimagati panshchiny, and all the people were throwing their new clothes and shishakas without shelter. Napriklad, 1618 rock Prince Jury Vishnevetsky, having tried the buvo of the factory, "the incessant supply of penezhnie (grozovi), bidlyachi, honey nakidane, mountains of that saltitri," and "not the half of the half" of the Lubyanka folk left their siege and rose. Mova yde about nylegshi, z poglyadu shlyachetskoho gosdarstva, the cobs viziskuvannya villagers. The village people lamented with tears, but the prince "willy-nyzed and hunted". Пізніше 1643 року, in Гадяччині bachimo vzhe not less than natural payments, and takozh and panshchinu: press two copies of zbizhzhya, zvezti, zmolotity, sino kositi one day, ziskrane zivrati, zvezti, poskidadi in skirti, etc. Settlement pochinaє tikati hto kudi , Ale is very important for the Moscow cordon.

To Roku 1638 Lubensky sergeant having submitted from the list to the Putivelskoye Voivode, but for the remainder of the river flowed in from the Gadyachy Kilka to the Tysyach people, and the Polish post 1638 р. Nahachuvavali vzhe 20 000 utykachiv, scho settled on the river. I will persevere with Livni, Novosil, Oskol, Valuiki, Voronezh, Rils'k, Kurs'k, Putivl, Sivskom i іn.

This rank at the XVII century. Українська козацька і селянська колонізація , переливаючись за московський кордон, залюднювала переважно Слобожанщину, але перелила й даі - до Сівська, Ливен, басейну Дон, до дола до середини Волги. Внаслідок цієї нової колонізації поширювались межі української осілости, і вечезна територія, що дорівнюєapproximately half of Ukraine, приеднувалась до неї знонографічного погляду.

Alemova does not foresee a peaceful colonization. Zadnipryansky slobody became the main reservoir of human forces for an hour. There zavzhdi people used to know the reserves of people who were preparing the paddrimi of the insurrection.

In the 16th to 16th centuries rock music: "stink in front of us the image of an unwholesome one with its rozmah, its own mixture and the strength of the new campaign of the Ukrainian people on the circuit. This moment, on the first pobyzhny sight, was created by the wickedness of the razbittya, the gruffness, the lowering and the reclining of the Ukrainian poetry, the buv in the disinness of the wilderness of the can and in the sphere of colonization. Having defeated the right of the shlyachtskim regime in Ukraine Nadnnipryansky, in the Ukrainian people of the 16th and 17th centuries. Spodivasya utvoriti kingdom liberty, bezpanskoho zhittya, vin take to create a new Ukraine beyond the borders of the Polish state, behind the borders of the nobleman's shoal, "- writing M. Grushevsky.